填空题类比推理是一种有助于科学发现的逻辑方法，如果使用不当，就可能犯________的 逻辑错误

填空题所谓负命题就是_______某个命题的命题。负命题可分为两大类：_______和_______。

填空题类比推理易犯的逻辑错误是_______。

填空题 思维形式结构中固定不变的部分叫( )，可以变化的部分叫( )。

填空题 如果aRb，并且 bRc成立，那么aRc也一定成立，这种关系就是（ ）关系。

填空题所谓推理形式， 指的是推理的________在形式上的联系方式

填空题完全归纳推理是________性推理。

填空题关系判断由关系者项、 ________和量项三部分构成

填空题 违反排中律的要求，就会出现"（ ）"的逻辑错误。

填空题如果概念A________概念B，则概念A为种概念，概念B为属概念。

填空题根据排中律的要求，主谓项相同的 SAP 与 SOP 必有一个为________

填空题间接证明有反证法和________。

填空题根据普通逻辑基本规律的_______，当“只有小王上场，甲队才能获胜”为真时，联言命题_______为假。

填空题一个充分条件假言判断“p→q”是假的，当且仅当________。

填空题 科学假说是指以已有的事实材料和科学原理为依据对未知的事物或规律性所作的（ ）的思维方法

填空题推理是依据_______得到_______的思维形态。根据前提和结论的思维进程的不同，可把推理分为_______、_______、_______和_______等。

填空题一个命题的主项或谓项是周延的，是指这个命题确定地陈述了主项或谓项的_______。

填空题“This is a really exciting time — a new era is starting,” says Peter Bazalgette, the chief creative officer of Endemol. He is referring to the upsurge of interest in mobile television, a nascent industry at the intersection of telecoms and media which offers new opportunities to device-makers, content producers and mobile-network operators. And he is far from alone in his enthusiasm. Already, many mobile operators offer a selection of television channels or individual shows, which are “streamed” across their third-generation (3G) networks. 41. ______. Meanwhile, Apple Computer, which launched a video-capable version of its iPod portable music-player in October, is striking deals with television networks to expand the range of shows that can be purchased for viewing on the device, including “Lost”, “Desperate Housewives” and “Law ＆ Order”. 42. ______. For a start, nobody really knows if consumers will pay for it, though surveys suggest they like the idea. Informa, a consultancy, says there will be 125m mobile-TV users by 2010. But many other mobile technologies inspired high hopes and then failed to live up to expectations. And even if people do want TV on the move, there is further uncertainty in two areas: technology and business models. At the moment, mobile TV is mostly streamed over 3G networks. But sending an individual data stream to each viewer is inefficient and will be unsustainable in the long run if mobile TV takes off. 43. ______. 44. ______. That suggests that some shows (such as drama) better suit the download model, while others (such as live news, sports or reality shows) are better suited to real-time transmission. The two approaches will probably co-exist. Just as there are several competing mobile-TV technologies, there are also many possible business models. Mobile operators might choose to build their own mobile-TV broadcast networks; or they could form a consortium and build a shared network; or existing broadcasters could build such networks. The big question is whether the broadcasters and mobile operators can agree how to divide the spoils, assuming there are any. Broadcasters own the content, but mobile operators generally control the handsets, and they do not always see eye to eye. 45. Then there is the question of who will fund the production of mobile-TV content: broadcasters, operators or advertisers? Again, the answer is probably “all of the above”. [A] So the general consensus is that 3G streaming is a prelude to the construction of dedicated mobile-TV broadcast networks, which transmit digital TV signals on entirely different frequencies to those used for voice and data. There are three main standards: DVB-H, favoured in Europe; DMB, which has been adopted in South Korea and Japan; and MediaFLO, which is being rolled out in America. Watching TV using any of these technologies requires a TV-capable handset, of course. [B] In contrast, watching downloaded TV programmes on an iPod or other portable video player is already possible today. And unlike a programme streamed over 3G or broadcast via a dedicated mobile-TV network, shows stored on an iPod can be watched on. an underground train or in regions with patchy network coverage. [C] In South Korea, television is also sent to mobile phones via satellite and terrestrial broadcast networks, which is far more efficient than sending video across mobile networks. In Europe, the Italian arm of 3, a mobile operator, recently acquired Channel 7, a television channel, with a view to launching mobile-TV broadcasts in Italy in the second half of 2006. [D] Despite all this activity, however, the prospects for mobile TV are unclear. [E] Assuming the technology and the business models can be sorted out, there is still the tricky matter of content. [F] In South Korea, a consortium of broadcasters launched a free-to-air DMB network last month, but the country’s mobile operators were reluctant to provide their users with handsets able to receive the broadcasts, since they were unwilling to undermine the prospects for their own subscription-based mobile-TV services. [G] The potential for mobile TV is vast, in short — but so is the degree of uncertainty over how it should actually be put into practice.

填空题任何概念都有两个基本的逻辑特征， 即概念的外延和________

填空题按照辩证唯物主义认识论，思维就是_______，是人脑借助于语言材料，运用_______以作_______和_______的过程，它是对客观事物的_______、_______反映。