填空题A computer crime involves the use of a computer to commit a broad ______ of offences, including fraud, theft, vandalism, sabotage, and so on.

填空题Phonetic similarity means that the allophones of a phoneme must bear some morphological resemblance.

填空题Directions: Read the following text and answer the questions by finding information from the right column that corresponds to each of the marked details given in the left column. There are two extra choices in the right column. The world economy has run into a brick wall. Despite countless warnings in recent years about the need to address a looming hunger crisis in poor countries and a looming energy crisis worldwide, world leaders failed to think ahead. The result is a global food crisis. Wheat, corn and rice prices have more than doubled in the past two years, and oil prices have more than tripled since the start of 2004. These food-price increases combing with soaring energy costs will slow if not stop economic growth in many parts of the world and will even undermine political stability, as evidenced by the protest riots that have erupted in places like Haiti, Bangladesh and Burkina Faso. Practical solutions to these growing woes do exist, but we"ll have to start thinking ahead and acting globally. The crisis has its roots in four interlinked trends. The first is the chronically low productivity of farmers in the poorest countries, caused by their inability to pay for seeds, fertilizers and irrigation. The second is the misguided policy in the U. S. and Europe of subsidizing the diversion of food crops to produce biofuels like corn-based ethanol. The third is climate change; take the recent droughts in Australia and Europe, which cut the global production of grain in 2005 and 2006. The fourth is the growing global demand for food and feed grains brought on by swelling populations and incomes. In short, rising demand has hit a limited supply, with the poor taking the hardest blow. So, what should be done? Here are three steps to ease the current crisis and avert the potential for a global disaster. The first is to scale-up the dramatic success of Malawi, a famine-prone country in southern Africa, which three years ago established a special fund to help its farmers get fertilizer and high-yield seeds. Malawi"s harvest doubled after just one year. An international fund based on the Malawi model would cost a mere $10 per person annually in the rich world, or $10 billion in all. Such a fund could fight hunger as effectively as the Global Fund to Fight AIDS, TB and Malaria is controlling those diseases. Second, the U. S. and Europe should abandon their policies of subsidizing the conversion of food into biofuels. The U. S. government gives farmers a taxpayer-financed subsidy of 51 cents per gal of ethanol to divert corn from the food and feed-grain supply. There may be a case for biofuels produced on lands that do not produce foods—tree crops (like palm oil), grasses and wood products—but there"s no case for doling out subsidies to put the world"s dinner into the gas tank. Third, we urgently need to weatherproof the world"s crops as soon and as effectively as possible. For a poor farmer, sometimes something as simple as a farm pond—which collects rainwater to be used for emergency irrigation in a dry spell—can make the difference between a bountiful crop and a famine. The world has already committed to establishing a Climate Adaptation Fund to help poor regions climate-proof vital economic activities such as food production and health care but has not yet upon the promise. A. poor countries. B. all the world. C. the Climate Adaptation Fund. D. the Global Fund to Fight AIDS, TB and Malaria. E. Bangladesh. F. Malawi. G. the U.S. and Europe.

填空题______ refers to ties and connections which exist within texts. They are also called formal links between sentences and between clauses.

填空题CAL means the use of a computer in a teaching program whereas CAI emphasizes the use of a computer in both teaching and learning in order to help the learner achieve educational objectives.

填空题Human languages enable their users to symbolize objects, events and concepts which are not present (in time and space) at the moment of communication. This quality is labeled as ______.

填空题I am concerned, as I said that its users want to force their view of the world, its people and its problems on the rest of us. But I have another ______ as well: P. C. language attempts to gloss over and distort truth—to purify it.

填空题Apparently, a marketing generalist cannot be entrusted ______ the important task of writing. Some companies have turned this task over to public relations firms.

填空题The features that define our human languages can be called DESIGN FEATURES.

填空题originate

填空题The principle of R is defined as "Every act of ostensive communication communicates the presumption of its own optimal relevance".

填空题The scientific theories about the origin of language include the bow-wow theory, the pooh- pooh theory and the "yo-he-ho" theory.

填空题allophone

填空题●Passage 1● 1. But the Idols of the Marketplace are the most troublesome of all: idols which have crept into the understanding through the alliances of words and names. For men believe that their reason governs words; but it is also true that words react on the understanding; and this it is that has rendered philosophy and the sciences sophistical and inactive. ●Passage 2● 2. I, John Faustus of Wittenberg, Doctor, by these presents do give both body and soul to Lucifer, Prince of the East... ●Passage 3● 3. To go into solitude, a man needs to retire as much from his chamber as from society. I am not solitary whilst I read and write though nobody is with me. But if a man would be alone, let him look at the stars. The rays that come from those heavenly words, will separate between him and vulgar things. ●Passage 4● 4. Most Utopians, however, and among these all the wisest, believe nothing of the sort: the believe in a single power, unknown, eternal, infinite, inexplicable, far beyond the grasp of the human mind, and diffused throughout the universe, not physically, but in influence. ●Passage 5● 5. Nature, in its ministry to man, is not only the material, but is also the process and the result. All the parts incessantly work into each other"s hands for the profit of man. The wind sows the seed; the sun evaporates the sea; the wind blows the vapor to the field; the ice, on the other side of the planet, condenses rain on this; the rain feeds the plant; the plant feeds the animal; and thus the endless circulations of the divine charity nourish man. ●Passage 6● 6. The passions that build up our human Soul, Not with the mean and vulgar works of man, But with high objects, with enduring things, With life and nature, purifying thus The elements of feeling and of thought, And sanctifying, by such discipline, Both pain and fear; until we recognize A grandeur in the beating of the heart. ●Passage 7● 7. Success is counted sweetest By those who ne"er succeed. To comprehend a nectar Requires sorest need. ●Passage 8● 8. Of man"s first disobedience, and the fruit Of that forbidden tree whose mortal taste Brought death into the world, and all our owe, With loss of Eden, till one greater Man Restore us, and regain the blissful seat ●Passage 9● 9. It the censure of Yahoos could any way affect me, I should have great reason to complain that some of them are so bold as to think my book of travels a mere fiction out of mine own brain. ●Passage 10● 10. I told you in the course of this paper that Shakespeare had a sister; but do not look for her in Sir Sidney Lee"s life of the poet. She died young—alas, she never wrote a word. She lies buried where the omnibuses now stop, opposite the Elephant and Castle. Now my belief is that this poet who never wrote a word and was buried at the crossroads still lives. She lives in you and in me, and in many other women who are not here tonight, for they are washing up the dishes and putting the children to bed. ●Authors● A. Christopher Marlowe B. Emily Dickinson C. Flannery O"Connor D. Francis Bacon E. John Milton F. Jonathan Swift G. Ralph Waldo Emerson H. Sir Thomas More I. T.S. Eliot J. Virginia Woolf K. William Shakespeare L. William Wordsworth

填空题Metonymy is a kind of figurative language which is usually classed as a type of synecdoche. It refers to using the name of part of an object to talk about the whole thing, and vice versa, as the use of "hands" in "We are short of hands".

填空题And I know of no other qualities than these which make for the perfection of the mind; for as to reason, or good sense, inasmuch it alone makes us men and distinguishes us from the beasts. A. I know of B. than C. inasmuch D. from

填空题The sound [z] is shared by "boys" and "moves" as a common morpheme.

填空题The purpose of ACHIEVEMENT TEST is to discover what the testee already knows about the target language.

填空题The description of a language at some point in time is called diachronic study.

填空题A. Cloud-to-ground lightening occurring in the U.S. B. Types of lightening C. Cause of lightening D. Differences between thunder and thunderstorm E. Frequencies of thunderstorms occurring in the world and the U.S. F. Shock waves as thunder G. Forming process of lightening Lightning has caused awe and wonder since old times. Although Benjamin Franklin demonstrated lightning as an enormous electrical discharge more than 200 years ago, many puzzles still surround this powerful phenomenon. 1 Lightning is generated when electrical charges separate in rain clouds, though processes are still not fully understood. Typically, positive charges build at the cloud top, while the bottom becomes negatively charged. In most instances of cloud-to-ground lightning, the negatively charged lower portion of the cloud repels negatively charged particles on the ground"s surfaces, making it become positively charged. The positive charge on the ground gathers at elevated points. 2 A flow of electrons begins between the cloud and earth. When the voltage charge becomes large enough, it breaks through the insulating barrier of air, and electrons zigzag earthward. We see the discharge as lightning. 3 Lightning can occur within a cloud, between clouds, or between clouds and the ground. The first variety, intra-cloud lightning, is the most frequent but is often hidden from our view. Cloud-to-ground lightning, making up about 20 percent of lightning discharges, is what we usually see. Lightning comes in several forms, including sheet, ribbon, and ball. Intra-cloud lightning can illuminate a cloud so it looks like a white sheet, hence its name. When cloud-to-ground lightning occurs during strong winds, they can shift the lightning channel sideways, so it looks like a ribbon. The average lightning strike is more than 3 miles long and can travel at a tenth of the speed of light. Ball lightning, the rarest and most mysterious form, derives its name from the small luminous ball that appears near the impact point, moves horizontally, and lasts for several seconds. 4 Thunder is generated by the tremendous heat released in a lightning discharge. Temperatures near the discharge can reach as high as 50,000℉ within thousandths of a second. This sudden heating acts as an explosion, generating shock waves we hear as thunder. 5 About 2,000 thunderstorms are occurring in the world at any time, generating about 100 lightning strikes every second, or 8 million daily. Within the United States, lightning strikes are estimated at 20 million a year, or about 22, 000 per day. You have a 1-in-600,000 chance of being struck by lightning during your lifetime. Lightning can strike twice or more in the same spot. The Empire State Building in New York is struck by lightning about two dozen times annually. You can measure how far you are from a lightning strike by counting the seconds between viewing the flash and hearing the bang, and then dividing by five. This approximates the mileage.