Colleague A: Cigarette? Colleague B: No, thank you. I"ve given up smoking. Haven"t had one since last month. Colleague A: ______

Each year, hundreds of thousands of people die from heart attack, a leading cause of death. In the Landmark Physicians" Health Study at Harvard University in the United States in the late 1980s, a research team led by Dr. Heinekens studied 22 701 healthy male physicians, half of whom were randomly【B1】to take all aspirin every other day while the others took placebos(安慰剂). After the participants had been【B2】for an average of five years, the doctors in the aspirin group were found to have suffered 34 percent fewer first heart attacks.【B3】,a recent international study indicates that aspirin can be beneficial for those people with a history of coronary artery(冠状动脉) bypass surgery,【B4】of their sex, age or whether they have high blood pressure or diabetes. According to a report by the American Heart Association, Doctors should consider prescribing【B5】aspirin for middle-aged people with a family history of, or【B6】for, heart disease.(Risk factors include smoking, being more than 20 percent overweight, high blood pressure and lack of exercise.) Aspirin is also a lifesaver during heart attacks. Paramedics now give it routinely, and experts urge anyone with chest pain,【B7】if it spreads to the neck, shoulder or an arm, or is accompanied by sweating, nausea(恶心), light headedness and breathing difficulty to chew and【B8】an aspirin tablet immediately. When taking aspirin for heart attack,【B9】the plain, uncoated variety. For even faster absorption, crush and mix with a little water. Speed of absorption is critical because most heart attack deaths occur【B10】the first few hours after chest pain strikes.

Mary (after work): Shall I punch out for you, Juliet? I"m leaving now. Juliet: ______. I"ve to work overtime.

Many things make people think artists are weird and the weirdest may be this: artists" only job is to explore emotions, and yet they choose to focus on the ones that feel bad. This wasn"t always so. The earliest forms of art, like painting and music, are those best suited for ex- pressing ioy. But somewhere in the 19th century, more artists began seeing happiness as insipid, phony or, worst of all, boring as we went from Wordsworth"s daffodils to Baudelaire"s flowers of evil. You could argue that art became more skeptical of happiness because modern times have seen such misery. But it"s not as if earlier times didn"t know perpetual war, disaster and the massacre of innocents. The reason, in fact, may be just the opposite: there is too much damn happiness in the world today. After all, what is the one modern form of expression almost completely dedicated to depicting happiness? Advertising. The rise of anti-happy art almost exactly tracks the emergence of mass media, and with it, a commercial culture in which happiness is not just an ideal but an ideology. People in earlier eras were surrounded by reminders of misery. They worked until exhausted, lived with few protections and died young. In the West, before mass communication and literacy, the most powerful mass medium was the church, which reminded worshippers that their souls were in peril and that they would someday be meat for worms. Given all this, they did not exactly need their art to be a bummer too. Today the messages your average Westerner is bombarded with are not religious but commercial, and forever happy. Fast-food eaters, news anchors, text messengers, all smiling, smiling. Our magazines feature beaming celebrities and happy families in perfect homes. And since these messages have an agenda—to lure us to open our wallets to make the very idea of happiness seem unreliable. "Celebrate!" commanded the ads for the arthritis drug Celebrex, before we found out it could increase the risk of heart attacks. What we forget—what our economy depends on is forgetting—is that happiness is more than pleasure without pain. The things that bring the greatest joy carry the greatest potential for loss and disappointment. Today, surrounded by promises of easy happiness, we need someone to tell us as religion once did, Memento mori: remember that you wiI1 die, that everything ends, and that happiness comes not in denying this but in living with it. It"s a message even more bitter than a clove cigarette, yet, somehow, a breath of fresh air.

Visitors to this country are normally admitted for six months, but foreign students can usually stay for one year. They must【B1】an educational institution, and they are required to study for a【B2】of fifteen hours a week on a daytime course. Prospective students have to show that they can afford their studies, and that they have sufficient【B3】resources to support themselves【B4】in this country. In order to work here the foreigner needs a work permit,【B5】must be applied for by his prospective employer. The problem here is that the Department of Employment has the right to grant or【B6】these permits, and there is little that can be done【B7】it; it would be extremely unwise for a foreign visitor to work【B8】a permit, since anyone doing so is liable to immediate deportation(驱逐出境). There are some people from the European countries, who are often given【B9】residence permits of up to five years. Some other people, such as doctors, foreign journalists, authors and others can work without permits, and foreign students are normally allowed to【B10】part-time jobs while they are studying here.

To get the best view of Sydney Harbour, take a Sydney Seaplane flight ______ the Harbour and Bondi Beach.

When you are near a lake or a river, you feel cool. Why? The sun makes the earth hot, but it can"t make the water very hot. Although the air over the earth becomes hot, the air over the water stays cool. The hot air over the earth rises. Then the cool air over the water moves in and takes the place of the hot air. Then you feel the cool air and the wind, which makes you cool. Of course, scientists can"t answer all of your questions. If we ask, "Why is the ocean full of salty" scientists will say that the salt comes from rocks. When a rock gets very hot or very cold, it cracks. Rain falls into the cracks. The rain then carries the salt into he earth and into the rivers. The rivers carry the salt into the ocean. But then we ask, "What happens to the salt in the ocean? The ocean doesn"t get more slat every year". Scientists are not sure about the answer to this question. We know a lot about our world. But there are still many answers that we do not have, and we are curious.

The electric shaver needs ______before it can be used.

Friction between America"s military and its civilian overseers is nothing new. America"s 220-year experiment in civilian control of the military is a recipe for friction. The nation"s history has seen a series of shifts in decision-making power among the White House, the civilian secretaries and the uniformed elite(精英). However, what may seem on the outside an unstable and special system of power sharing has, without a doubt, been a key to two centuries of military success. In the infighting dates to the revolution, George Washington waged a continual struggle not just for money, but to control the actual battle plan. The framers of the Constitution sought to clarify things by making the president the "commander in chief". Not since Washington wore his uniform and led the troops across the Alleghenies to quell(镇压) the Whiskey Rebellion has a sitting president taken command in the field. Yet the absolute authority of the president ensures his direct command. The president was boss, and everyone in uniform knew it. In the Civil War, Abraham Lincoln dealt directly with his generals, and Secretary of War Edwin M. Stanton handled administrative details. Lincoln, inexperienced in military matters, initially deferred(顺从) to his generals. But when their caution proved disastrous, he issued his General War Order No. 1—explicitly commanding a general advance of all Union forces. Some generals, George B. McClellan in particular, bridled at his hands-on direction. But in constitutional terms, Lincoln was in the right. His most important decision was to put Ulysses S. Grant in charge of the Union Army in 1864. Left to its own timetable, the military establishment would never have touched Grant. The relationship between the president and his general provides a textbook lesson in civilian control and power sharing. Grant was a general who would take the fight to the enemy, and not second-guess the president"s political decisions. Unlike McClellan, for example, Grant cooperated wholeheartedly in recruiting black soldiers. For his part, Lincoln did not meddle in operations and did not visit the headquarters in the field unless invited. The balance set up by Grant and Lincoln stayed more or less in place through World War I. Not until World War II did the pendulum finally swing back toward the White House. Franklin Roosevelt, who had been assistant Navy secretary during World War I, was as well prepared to be commander in chief as any wartime president since George Washington.

The way people hold to the belief that a fun-filled, painfree life equals happiness actually reduces their chances of ever attaining real happiness. If fun and pleasure are equal to happiness, then pain must be equal to unhappiness. But in fact, the opposite is true: more often than not things that lead to happiness involve some pain. As a result, many people avoid the very attempts that are the source of true happiness. They fear the pain inevitably brought by such things as marriage, raising children, professional achievement, religious commitment(承担的义务), self-improvement. Ask a bachelor(单身汉) why he resists marriage even though he finds dating to be less and less satisfying. If he is honest he will tell you that he is afraid of making a commitment. For commitment is in fact quite painful. The single life is filled with fun, adventure, excitement. Marriage has such moments, but they are not its most distinguishing features. Couples with infant children are lucky to get a whole night"s sleep or a three-day vacation. I don"t know any parent who would choose the word "fun" to describe raising children. But couples who decide not to have children never know the joys of watching a child grow up or of playing with a grandchild. Understanding and accepting that true happiness has nothing to do with fun is one of the most liberating realizations. It liberates time: now we can devote more hours to activities that can genuinely increase our happiness. It liberates money: buying that new car or those fancy clothes that will do nothing to increase our happiness now seems pointless. And it liberates us from envy: we now understand that all those who are always having so much fun actually may not be happy at all.

It was when he took a job in a company he began to learn English.

On a four-day trip to Ethiopia,I had a dream. In my dream, I saw two men, one older and one younger, facing one another against a background of temples and pyramids. The father was speaking as he performed the oil ceremony for his son. I became excited in the possibility of performing a visiting ceremony【31】my son in Africa. For the next six days I privately wondered what【32】to use in such a ceremony. Gradually the words【33】me. By the time we arrived in Cairo, I was ready. I told my son that there was a ceremony I wanted to【34】him in the tombs in Egypt. His eyes shone with【35】. But I wondered if he would still be receptive after my next statement. In the dream I remembered that the son was oiled, as it【36】, with a dry substance. I took this to mean that powder【37】oil was used. But what powder? I ruled out ground grass and flowers, and finally settled on sand. Sand represents the Sahara, and sand also【38】the remains of the ancient people of Egypt. That made philosophical【39】to me, but in the real world, young adults or almost anybody for that matter,【40】disinclined to have sand poured on their hair.

Once the 12 Girls Band became popular, similar groups predictably starting popping up. Musicat and Beautiful Youth 18 were formed last year. Both feature now-familiar formulas of attractive young women playing different instruments in songs that combine modern music with classic Chinese tunes. Yet they add to the mix by throwing in song, dance and even acrobatics. In an interview, noted music critic Jin Zhaojun said the girl band phenomenon was not new to China, as similar acts appeared in the 1980s. However, the undying role is that to be successful, bands have to have a novel look. "The 12 Girls Band was the first group to give big live shows and show creativity in how they present their performances. The Beijing Red Poppy Ladies Percussion group, formed in 1999, has made a name for itself because they are the only band that exclusively plays drums and percussion instruments. Bands that don"t have " a thing" are sure to die fast", Jin said.

Her story shows how gentle.______and an indifference to honors and fame can lead to great achievements.

The former governor withdrew from political life and as ______ he was soon forgotten.

A: Isn"t the pink shirt pretty? B:______.

A good modern newspaper is an extraordinary piece of reading. It is remarkable first for what it contains: the range of news from local crime to international politics, from sport to business to fashion to science, and the range of comment and special features(特定) as well, from editorial page to feature articles and interviews to criticism of books, art, theatre and music. A newspaper is even more remarkable for the way one reads it: never completely, never straight through, but always by jumping from here to there, in and out, glancing at one piece, reading another article all the way through, reading just a few paragraphs of the next. A good modern newspaper offers a variety to attract many different readers, but far more than any one reader is interesied in. What brings this variety together in one place is its topicality(时事性), its immediate relation to what is happening in your world and your locality now. But immediacy and the speed of production that goes with it mean also that much of what appears in a newspaper has no more than transient(短暂的) value. For all these reasons, no two people really read the same paper: what each person does is to put together out of the pages of that day"s paper, his own selection and sequence, his own news paper. For all these reasons, reading newspapers efficiently, which means getting what you want from them without missing things you need but without wasting time, demands skill and self awareness as you modify and apply the techniques of reading.

It is possible for a person to______negative attitudes and gain healthy confidence needed to realize his or her dreams.

Thanks to the introduction of new drugs, many of the early problems in organ transplants, such as tissue rejection, have, to a great extent, now been solved. However, there remains a major problem. The people in need of transplant surgery far outnumber the available organs. Many countries, such as Britain, have huge waiting lists of people whose lives could be saved by being given a kidney, lung, heart, or liver transplant. Sadly, many of them die before they reach the top of those lists. Under the present British policy, people are asked to carry donor(捐赠人)cards, and/or put their names on the national donor register. Thus, if they lose their lives suddenly, for example, in a traffic accident, they have given permission in advance of their deaths for their organs to be used. If they have not done so, surgeons are faced with the task of asking the grieved relatives for permission to use the organs of the dead. Of course, often the relatives are too upset even to think of such a thing until it is too late. Organ transplants have to take place quite soon after the death of the donor. Dying and donating organs is not something most of us like to think about, and only about 14% of people have registered. Now it has been suggested that, instead of the present register, there should be a register of potential donors who haven"t made up their minds.

It is obvious that ______of about 40% will be attractive if the dollar really stabilizes.