单选题"There is a senseless notion that children grow up and leave home when they're 18, and the truth is far from that," says sociologist Larry Bumpass of the University of Wisconsin. Today, unexpected numbers of young adults are living with their parents. "There is a major shift in the middle class," declares sociologist Allen Schnaiberg of Northwestern University, whose son, 19, moved back in after an absence of eight months. Analysts cite a variety of reasons for this return to the nest. The marriage age is rising, a condition that makes home and its pleasantness particularly attractive to young people. A high divorce rate and a declining remarriage rate are sending economically pressed and emotionally hurt survivors back to parental shelters. For some, the expense of an away-from-home college education has become so excessively great that many students now attend local schools. Even after graduation, young people find their wings clipped by skyrocketing housing costs. Living at home, says Knighton, a school teacher, continues to give her security and moral support. Her mother agreed, "It's ridiculous for the kids to pay all that money for rent. It makes sense for kids to stay at home." But sharing the family home requires adjustments for all. There are the quarrels over bathrooms, telephones and privacy; some families, however, manage the delicate balancing act. But for others, it proves too difficult. Michelle Del Turco, 24, has been home three times and left three times. "What I considered a social drink, my dad considered an alcohol problem," she explains. "He never liked anyone I dated, so I either had to hide away or meet them at friends' houses." Just how long should adult children live with their parents before moving on? Most psychologists feel lengthy homecomings are a mistake. Children, struggling to establish separate identities, can end up with "a sense of inadequacy, defeat and failure." And aging parents, who should be enjoying some financial and personal freedom, find themselves stuck with responsibilities. Many agree that brief visits, however, can work beneficially.

单选题Guest: I've booked a double room for 3 nights under Fowler. Receptionist:______ A. Good afternoon, how can I help you? B. Are you taken care of, sir? C. Can you spell it for me? D. May I have your name?

单选题{{B}}Questions 16-20 are based on the following passage:{{/B}} Sporting activities are essentially modified forms of hunting behavior. Viewed biologically, the modem foot-bailer is in reality a member of a hunting group. His killing weapon has turned into a harmless football and his prey (猎物) into a goalmouth. If his aim is accurate and he scores a goal, he enjoys the hunter's triumph of killing his prey. To understand how this transformation has taken place we must briefly look back at our forefathers. They spent over a million years evolving as cooperative hunters. Their very survival depended on success in the hunting-field. Under this pressure their whole way of life, even their bodies, became greatly changed. They became chasers, runners, jumpers, aimers, throwers and prey-killers. They cooperated as skillful male-group attackers. Then about ten thousand years ago, after this immensely long period of hunting their food, they became farmers. Their improved intelligence, so vital to their old hunting life, was put to a new use—that of controlling and domesticating their prey. The hunt became suddenly out of date. The food was there on the farms, awaiting their needs. The risks and uncertainties of the hunt were no longer essential for survival.

单选题{{B}}11-15{{/B}} Even plants can run a fever, especially when they're under attack by insects or disease. But unlike humans, plants can have their temperature taken from 3,000 feet away — straight up. A decade ago, adapting the infrared scanning technology developed for military purposes and other satellites, physicist Stephen Paley came up with a quick way to take the temperature of crops to determine which ones are under stress. The goal was to let farmers precisely target pesticide (杀虫剂) spraying rather than rain poison on a whole field, which invariably includes plants that don't have pest (害虫) problems. Even better, Paley's Remote Scanning Services Company could detect crop problems before they became visible to the eye. Mounted on a plane flown at 3,000 feet at night, an infrared scanner measured the heat emitted by crops. The data were transformed into a color-coded map showing where plants were running "fevers". Farmers could then spot-spray, using 40 to 70 percent less pesticide than they otherwise would. The bad news is that Paley's company closed down in 1984, after only three years. Farmers resisted the new technology and long-term backers were hard to find. But with the renewed concern about pesticides on produce, and refinements in infrared scanning, Paley hopes to get back into operation. Agriculture experts have no doubt the technology works. "This technique can be used on 75 percent of agricultural land in the United States." says George Oerther of Texas A&M. Ray Jackson, who recently retired from the Department of Agriculture, thinks remote infrared crop scanning could be adopted by the end of the decade. But only if Pale3i finds the financial backing which he failed to obtain 10 years ago.

单选题Brown: How are you? 　　Brake: I’m fine. Thank you. And you? 　　Brown: ________.

单选题{{B}}Passage Five{{/B}} Americans are used to being warned for their self-destructive fondness for cheese-flavored snacks(有乳酪味道的快餐). But citizens of developing countries are also unable to escape the danger of the First World's fat-rich diet and couch potato ways. At last week's 8th International Congress on Obesity(肥胖), held in Paris, researchers warned that the planet's expanding waistlines threaten "to become the curse of the next millennium(千年)". "We used to consider obesity a problem of industrialized, rich countries," says Arnaud, a member of the meeting's lead committee. "But now it has become a world disease." Researchers blame the trend -- and the attendant rise in the incidence of heart disease and diabetes(糖尿病) -- on the Third World's increasing wealth, reduced physical activity, and more calorie-laden diets. As a result, the World Health Organization has estimated that 300 million people will be obese by 2025, an increase of 50 million from today. In Mauritius, for example, WHO estimates that 32 percent of the population will be obese by 2025, compared with 7 percent in 1987. Last year, WHO said that obesity's fatal impact could rival smoking. There was much hopeful discussion about new drugs such as leptin, a hormone that has proved effective for severe weight problems. But leptin should be a last resort, says Basdevant: "First of all, we have to consider prevention." If America is any indication, however, educating the world about the danger of Big Macs and cable TV will be difficult: despite heightened awareness of the need for proper diet and exercise, the number of obese Americans is expected to double over the next three decades.

单选题Concern with money, and then more money, in order to buy the conveniences and luxuries of modern life, has brought great changes to the lives of most Frenchmen. More people are working than ever before in France. In the cities the traditional leisurely midday meal is disappearing. Offices, shops and factories are discovering the greater efficiency of a short lunch hour in company lunchrooms. In almost all lines of work emphasis now falls on ever-increasing output. Thus the "typical" Frenchman produces more, earns more, and buys more consumer goods than his counterpart of only a generation ago. He gains in creature comforts and ease of life. What he loses to some extent is his sense of personal uniqueness, or individuality. Some say that France has been Americanized. This is because the United States is a world symbol of the technological society and its consumer products. The so-called Americanization of France has its critics. They fear that "assembly-line life" will lead to the disappearance of the pleasures of the more graceful and leisurely old French style. What will happen, they ask, to taste, elegance, and the cultivation of the good things in life-to joy in the smell of a freshly picked apple, a stroll by the river, or just happy hours of conversation in a local cafe? Since the late 1940's life in France has indeed taken on qualities of rash, tension, and the pursuit of material gain. Some of the strongest critics of the new way of life are the young, especially university students. They are concerned with the future, and they fear that France is threatened by the triumph of the competitive, goods-oriented culture. Occasionally, they have reacted against the trend with considerable violence. In spite of the critics, however, countless Frenchmen are committed to keeping France in the forefront of the modem economic world. They find that the present life brings more rewards, conveniences, and pleasures than that of the past. They believe that a modem, industrial France is preferable to the old.

单选题Questions 16-20 are based on the following passage: After a busy day of work and play, the body needs to rest. Sleep is necessary for good health. During this time, the body recovers from the activities of the previous day. The rest that you get while sleeping enables your body to prepare itself for the next day. There are four levels of sleep, each being a little deeper than the one before. As you sleep, your muscles relax little by little. Your heart beats more slowly, and your brain slows down. After you reach the fourth level, your body shifts back and forth from one level of sleep to the other. Although your mind slows down, from time to time you will dream. Scientists who study sleep state that when dreaming occurs, your eyeballs begin to move more quickly. This stage of sleep is called REM, which stands for rapid eye movement. If you have trouble falling asleep, some people recommend breathing very slowly and very deeply. Other people believe that drinking warm milk will help make you drowsy. There is also an old suggestion that counting sheep will put you to sleep!

单选题 Americans today don't place a very high value on intellect. Our heroes are athletes, entertainers, and entrepreneurs, not scholars. Even our schools are where we send our children to get a practical education— not to pursue knowledge for the sake of knowledge. Symptoms of pervasive anti-intellectualism in our schools aren't difficult to find. "Schools have always been in a society where practical is more important than intellectual," says education writer Diane Ravitch. "Schools could be a counterbalance. " Razitch's latest book, Left Back: A Century of Failed School Reforms, traces the roots of anti-intellectualism in our schools, concluding they are anything hut a counterbalance to the American distaste for intellectual pursuits. But they could and should be. Encouraging kids to reject the life of the mind leaves them vulnerable to exploitation and control. Without the ability to think critically, to defend their ideas and understand the ideas of others, they cannot fully participate in our democracy. Continuing along this path, says writer Earl Shorris, "We will become a second-rate country. We will have a less civil society. " "Intellect is resented as a form of power or privilege," writes historian and professor Richard Hofstadter in Anti-Intellectualism in American life, a Pulitzer Prize winning book on the roots of anti-intellectualism in US politics, religion, and education. From the beginning of our history, says Hofstadter, our democratic and populist urges have driven us to reject anything that smells of elitism. Practicality, common sense, and native intelligence have been considered more noble qualities than anything you could learn from a book. Ralph Waldo Emerson and other Transcendentalist philosophers thought schooling and rigorous book learning put unnatural restraints on children : "We are shut up in schools and college recitation rooms for 10 or 15 years and come out at last with a bellyful of words and do not know a thing. " Mark Twain's Huckleberry Finn exemplified American anti-intellectualism. Its hero avoids being civilized--going to school and learning to read—so he can preserve his innate goodness. Intellect, according to Hofstadter, is different from native intelligence, a quality we reluctantly admire. Intellect is the critical, creative, and contemplative side of the mind. Intelligence seeks to grasp, manipulate, reorder, and adjust, while intellect examines, ponders, wonders, theorizes, criticizes and imagines. School remains a place where intellect is mistrusted. Hofstadter says our country's educational system is in the grips of people who "joyfully and militantly proclaim their hostility to intellect and their eagerness to identify with children who show the least intellectual promise. "

单选题In theory, the journey ought to take three hours, but in practice it usually takes four because of roadworks.

单选题He has fancy dreams about his life, and nothing ever quite ______ his expectations. A. matches B. makes C. reaches D. realizes

单选题Victor: Can I get you a cup of tea? Kathy: ______ A. That's very nice of you. B. With pleasure. C. You can, please. D. Thank you for the tea.

单选题Williamsburg has now been restored so that it looks as it ______ during the 18th century.

单选题This kind of trousers ______very well.

单选题Johnson: I got home very late last night. I hope I didn't disturb you.Landlady: ______.

单选题If these bad weather conditions Upersist/U, the game will be cancelled.

单选题It's no use blaming him. He had no choice but ______ as he was told.

单选题 {{B}}Directions: {{/B}} For each blank in the following passage, choose the best answer from the choices given below. Mark your answer on the {{B}}ANSWER SHEET{{/B}} by drawing with a pencil a short bar across the corresponding letter in the brackets. When television first began to expand, very few of the people who had become famous as radio commentators were able to be effective on television. Some of the difficulties they experienced when were trying to {{U}}(31) {{/U}} themselves to the new medium were technical. when working on radio, for example, they had become {{U}}(32) {{/U}}to seeing on behalf of the listener. This {{U}}(33) {{/U}} of seeing for others means that the commentator has to be very good at talking. Above all, he has to be able to {{U}}(34) {{/U}} a continuous sequence of visual images which {{U}}(35) {{/U}} meaning to the sounds which the listener hears. In the {{U}}(36) {{/U}} of television, however, the commentator sees everything with the viewer. His role, therefore, is completely different. He is there to make {{U}}(37) {{/U}} that the viewer does not miss some point of interest, to help him focus on particular things, and to. {{U}}(38) {{/U}}the images on the television screen. Unlike his radio colleague, he must know the{{U}} (39) {{/U}} of silence and how to use it at those moments{{U}} (40) {{/U}}the pictures speak for themselves.

单选题He bought that house, ______ that he would inherit money under his uncle's will. A. assumed B. assuming C. being assumed D. having been assumed