已选分类
经济学
问答题考虑一个有两个厂商的行业，每个厂商的边际成本为零。这个行业所面对的反需求函数是p=300-Q，这里，Q=q1+q2。(1)如果两个厂商组成卡特尔，q1、q2、p的均衡值为多少?各个厂商的利润为多少?(2)如果两个厂商进行古诺竞争，q1、q2、p的均衡值又是多少?各个厂商的利润为多少?(3)如果厂商1先决定产量，厂商2跟随决定产量，q1、q1、p的均衡值是什么?各个厂商的利润为多少?
应用题某设备，估值5500万元，使用寿命尚有6年，其他数据如下表（单位：万元），试计算其经济寿命（不考虑资金的时间价值）。
应用题已知某企业的短期总成本函数是STC（Q）=0.04Q3-0.8Q2+10Q+5，求最小的平均可变成本值。（4分）
应用题已知W 国的宏观经济可以用下列一组方程式来描述：
消费函数：C=120+0.8Y············（1）
投资函数：I=50-200r··············（2）
收入恒等式：Y=C+I···············（3）
货币需求函数：L=（0.5-500r）P····（4）
其中，C为消费，Y 国民收入，I为投资，r为利率，P为价格总水平，L为货币需求。
（1）如果在2003 年，W 国的价格总水平为2，货币供应量为500。试写出W 国的IS曲线和LM 曲线方程。
（2）写出W 国的总需求函数。
（3）W国的宏观经济均衡时国民收入和利率分别是多少？
应用题已知消费者对某种商品的需求函数为Q=100-2p，写出相应的总收益函数和边际收益函数。在什么价格水平上，需求价格弹性系数为1？
应用题请在IS-LM成本分析框架范围内分析古典主义的极端情况。
应用题如果消费需求C＝100＋0.8Yd（Yd为可支配收入），投资需求I＝150－6r，税收T＝50，政府支出G＝40；如果经济的名义货币供给为150，货币需求为0.2y－4r，分别求出在P＝1和P＝1.2时均衡的收入和利率水平。
应用题若某种商品征收税收之前，供给和需求方程分别为Qs=2P Qd=300-P假如对买者征收税收T，新的需求方程为：Qd=300-（P+T）
试求：（1）税收收入函数S，并画图说明税收收入与税收规模（T）之间的关系。（3分）
（2）当税收收入为最高值时，无谓损失为多少？（3分）
（注：该商品价格单位为元，商品数量单位为公斤）
应用题某家庭欲在5年后购买某设施需要50万元。如过每年末存入银行6.6万元，银行年利率为10%，问该家庭（1）5年后能否用银行的本利和购买该设施（7分）？（2）每年末至少
应存入多少钱，就能在5年后购买该设施（8分）？（假定5年之内该设施的市场价格不变）
应用题某企业预付固定资本共1050万元，其中厂房价值300万元，折旧年限为30年，机器设备价值700万元，折旧年限为10年，小工具等价值50万元，折旧年限为5年，另有预付流动资本200万元，平均每3个月周转一次。求该企业预付资本的总周转速度。
应用题
应用题令市场需求曲线为P=70-q，假定只有两个厂商，每个厂商的边际成本为常数，等于10，无固定成本，两个寡头的行为方式遵从古诺模型。试求每个寡头的均衡价格、均衡产量与最大化的利润。
应用题假定一经济系统由如下行为方程组成：
消费行为：C=280+0.8Yd
投资行为：I=40-10r
政府行为：税收 T=0.25Y ；政府支出 T=40
货币需求：L/P=0.4Y-20r
名义货币供给：M=180
（1）计算总需求函数。
（2）若总供给函数为 Y=600+24P ，充分就业水平为 696 ，要实现充分就业国民收入总需求需要增加多少。
应用题某项目预计年产量3万件，其年固定成本为3000万元，产品单价为2460元/件。如果目标利润为120万元，请问该产品单位变动成本应控制在什么范围？
应用题假定一国生产函数为 ，其中资本存量为 K =43200 ，有效劳动力 AL =200 ，折旧率为 5% ，储蓄率为 0.4 ，试求：
（ 1 ）有效人均产出；
（ 2 ）若该国技术进步率和人口增长率分别为 3% 和 2% ，求稳态有效人均资本水平；
（ 3 ）在稳态水平上产出、资本和人均收入增长率各为多少；
（ 4 ）计算该国有效人均黄金资本存量，稳态时达到该黄金资本存量的储蓄率是多少。
应用题
应用题
应用题请简要说明内生增长理论。
应用题用图分析吉芬品的替代效应与收入效应，并进一步说明需求曲线的特征。
应用题某大学生只有6天时间应付期末考试。该生要靠数学、经济学、英语三门课。他的目标是要求得三门课尽可能高的成绩（或者说三门课尽可能高的平均成绩）。他每门课的成绩依赖于他分配在每门课上的复习时间。根据时间的安排，每门课成绩最佳估计分数如下：该生应如何让分配复习时间才能使总成绩最高？说明理由
应用题假定社会预付的产业资本是720c+180v=900，剩余价值率为100%，一年内生产的商品总价值为720c+180v+180m=1080 (假定不变资本的价值全部转移)，产业资本的利润率是多少？为了销售商品，流通领域内还必须垫支一定量的资本，假定由商业资本垫支100，那么平均利润率是多少？产业利润和商业利润各是多少？
应用题请简要说明长期平均成本LAC曲线呈U型特征的决定因素。
应用题某公司因业务发展需要，准备购入一套设备。现有甲、乙两个方案可供选择，其中甲方案需投资20万元，寿命期末无残值，每年销售收入为10万元，经营成本为3万元。乙方案需投资建设资金24万元，期初需投入流动资金3万元，寿命期末残值为4万元，每年销售收入为12万元，经营成本为4万元。两方案使用寿命均为5年，采用直线法计提折旧。假设所得税率为25%，
试求：
（1）两个方案的现金流量图（5分）。
（2）如果折现率为10%，请用净现值法对两个方案作出取舍（10分）。
应用题
应用题在一个封闭经济社会中，已知消费需求为C＝80＋0.75Yd（Yd为可支配收入）,税收为T＝－20＋0.2Y,投资需求为I＝50＋0.1Y，政府支出G＝200，求经济均衡时的收入、消费、投资、税收。
应用题设某消费者效用函数为 ，消费者的收入为M，x, y两商品的价格为 ，求消费者对于x, y两商品的需求。
单选题In the USA, 85% of the population over the age if 21 approve of the death penalty. In the many states whcih still have the death penalty, some use the electric chair, which can take up to 20 minutes to kill, while others use gas or lethal injection. The first of these was the case of Ruth Ellis who was hanged for shooting her lover in what was generally regarded as a crime of passion. The second was hanged for murders which, it was later proved, had been committed by someone else. The pro-hanging lobby uses four main arguments to support its call for the reintroduction of capital punishment. First there is the deterrence theory, which argues that potential murderers would think twice before committing the act if they knew that they might die if they were caught. The armed bank robber might, likewise, go back to being unarmed. The other two arguments are more suspect. The idea of retribution demands that criminals should get what they deserve: if a murderer intentionally set out to commit a crime, he should accept the consequences. Retribution, which is just another word for revenge, is supported by the religious doctrine of an eye for an eye and a tooth for a tooth. The arguments against the death penalty are largely humanitarian. But there are also statistical reasons for opposing it: the deterrence figures do not add up. In Britain,1903 was the the record year for executions and yet in 1904 the number of murders actually rose. There was a similar occurrence in 1946 and 1947. If the deterrence theory were correct, the rate should have fallen. The other reasons to oppose the death penalty are largely a mather of individual conscience and belief. One is that murder is murder and that the state has no more right to take a lifer than the individual. The other is that Christianity advises forgiveness, not revenge.
单选题中国多所高校在多伦多、纽约、波士顿、旧金山召开了4场人才招聘会，针对出席招聘会的中国留学生做了问卷调查。调查显示：67%的人希望回国工作，33%的人会认真考虑回国的选择。可见，在美国工作对中国留学生已失去吸引力，人心思归已蔚然成风。
以下哪一项陈述准确指出了上述论证的缺陷?
单选题风险规避者的无差异曲线( )。
单选题设X
1
，X
2
，X
3
服从区间[0，2]上的均匀分布，则E(2X
1
-X
2
+3X
3
)=______．
单选题所得税的增加将引起充分就业的预算盈余( )。
单选题For years Internet merchants have poured millions of dollars into new technologies to make their sites easier to use. So why aren't online customers happier? Customer satisfaction levels have remained almost flat through the last several years. The problem, according to Larry Freed, chief executive of a consulting and research firm called ForeSee Results, is not so much that consumers have ignored the many improvements made in recent years. Rather, he said, they still expect more from Internet shopping than it has delivered. "If we walk into a local store, we don't expect that experience to be better than it was a couple years ago," Mr. Freed said. "But we expect sites to be better. The bar goes up every year. " In ForeSee's latest survey, released last month, just five e-commerce sites registered scores higher than 80 out of 100, and no site scored higher than 85. It was much the same story a year ago, when just five scored higher than 80, with no site surpassing 85. "Scores have inched up over time for the best e-commerce companies, but the overall numbers haven't moved drastically," Mr. Freed said. "At the same time though, if you don't do anything you see your scores drop steadily. " That dynamic has been a challenge for online merchants and investors, who a decade ago envisioned Internet stores as relatively inexpensive (and therefore extremely profitable) operations. Now some observers predict a future where online retailers will essentially adopt something like the QVC model, with sales staff pitching the site's merchandise with polished video presentations, produced in a high-tech television studio. QVC.com is evolving in that direction. The Web site, which sold more than $1 billion in merchandise in 2006, has for the last five years let visitors watch a live feed of the network's broadcast. But in recent months, QVC.com has also given visitors the chance to watch archives of entire shows, and in the coming months visitors will be able to find more video segments from recent shows, featuring individual products that remain in stock. Bob Myers, senior vice president of QVC.com, said the Web site's video salesmanship is especially effective when combined with detailed product information, customer reviews and multiple photographs. About eight months ago, for instance, a customer said that she could not determine the size of a handbag from the photographs on the site because she could not tell the height of the model who was holding it. Within two weeks the site tested and introduced a new system, showing the bags with women of three different heights. The results were immediate: women who saw the new photographs bought the bags at least 10 percent more frequently than those who had not. Still, Mr. Myers said, video is a critically important element to sales. "E-commerce started with television commerce," he said. "The sites who engage and entertain customers will be winning here in the near future. " Such a prospect is not necessarily daunting to other e-commerce executives. Gordon Magee, head of Internet marketing for Drs. Foster & Smith, based in a Rhinelander, Wis. , said a transition to video "will be seamless for us. " The company, Mr. Magee said, has in recent weeks discussed putting some of its product on video "so customers could see a 360-degree view they don't have to manipulate themselves. /
单选题设F
1
(x)，F
2
(x)为两个分布函数，其相应的概率密度f
1
(x)，f
2
(x)是连续函数．则必为概率密度的是______．
单选题若A，B均为n阶方阵，则正确的是______．
单选题日本市场经济模式是一种（ ）市场经济模式。
单选题某单位共有18名员工，因缺乏科学管理，人浮于事和分配不合理的现象十分严重，工资只分高、低两类。单位中不干事的比干事的人还多，干事者中工资低的人比不干事者中工资低的人还多。令人稍感欣慰的是：在不干事的人中，工资高的只占少数；另外，毕竟还有工资不低的干事者。最近，小张和小王离开了这个单位，但是该单位人员的上述结构并未因此而改变。据此，可以推断小张或小王原来在单位中不可能是：
单选题今天的美国人比1965年的美国人运动量减少了32%，预计到2030年运动量将减少46%；在中国，与1991年相比，人们的运动量减少了45%，预计到2030年将减少51%。缺乏运动已经成为一个全球性问题。
以下哪一项如果为真，最能支持上述观点?
单选题某单位在大年初一、初二、初三安排6个人值班，他们是G、H、K、L、P、S，每天需要2人值班，人员安排要满足以下条件：
(1)L与P必须在同一天值班；
(2)G与H不能在同一天值班；
(3)如果K在初一值班，那么G在初二值班；
(4)如果S在初三值班，那么H在初二值班。
单选题设函数f(x)在点x0处可导，且，则f"(x0)=______．A．B．C．D．
单选题宏观经济学（ ）
单选题若对某个消费者来说，牛肉与羊肉可以相互替代，则牛肉价格的上升将导致( )。
单选题智商很低的人肯定不能成名成家，但智商很高的人不一定能成名成家。在导致人成名成家的其他因素中，大部分属于情商。
由此可以推出：
单选题下面( )函数可能来自一个风险偏好者的效用函数。
单选题某单位要编排一个歌唱节目，在成员的选择上，要考虑以下原则：A的表演经验丰富，必须入选；B与C配合得最好，要么一起去，要么都不去：D的歌唱技巧需要C的指导，D去了，C一定要去；E与B都是唱高音的，只需要去其中一个。
那么这个节目的成员人数可能是几个?
单选题一则公益广告建议，喝酒的人应该等到能够安全开车时再开车。然而，一次医院调查发现，喝完酒后立即被询问的人低估了他们恢复开车能力所需的时间。这个结果表明，广告的建议其实是无效的。
如果以下陈述为真，哪一项最强地支持以上论述?
单选题设f(x)在[0，1]上连续，且F"(x)=f(x)，a≠0，则=______．A．F(1)-F(0)B．F(a)-F(0)C．D．a[F(a)-F(0)]
单选题对于两种商品，当其中一种商品的价格变化时，消费者同时增加或减少对两种商品的需求量，则这两种商品的交叉价格弹性系数( )。
单选题某项目在第5年的累计净现金流量为零，表明该项目的静态投资回收期（包括建设期）（ ）
单选题朱红：红松鼠在糖松的树皮上打洞以吸取树液。既然糖松的树液主要是由水和少量的糖组成的，这就大致可以确定红松鼠是为了寻找水或糖。水在松树生长的地方很容易通过其他方式获得。因此，红松鼠不会是因为找水而费力地打洞，它们可能是在寻找糖。
林娜：红松鼠一定不是找糖而是找其他什么东西，因为糖松树液中糖的浓度太低了，红松鼠必须饮用大量的树液才能获得一点点糖。
单选题八个部委联合宣布“网络游戏防范沉迷系统”及配套的《网络游戏防范沉迷系统实名认证方案》正式实施，未成年人玩网络游戏超过5小时，经验值和收益将计为0。这一方案的实施，将有效地防止未成年人沉迷于网络游戏。
以下哪项说法如果正确，能够最有力地削弱上述论证?
单选题所谓“凯思斯陷阱”一般产生于债券价格的( )．
单选题老王在A市有两套住房，一套自己居住，另一套闲置。老张是老王的朋友，一直居住在B市，现由于工作原因，需要在A市长期租住。老张希望租老王闲置的那套房子，老王说：
“我女儿两个月后大学毕业，如果她毕业后不回A市工作生活，我就把房子出租给你。”下列选项中，哪些为真，可以证明老王没有说真话?
(1)老王的女儿毕业后留在C市工作生活，老王拒绝把房子租给老张；
(2)老王的女儿毕业后回到A市工作生活，老王把房子租给老张；
(3)老王的女儿毕业后回到A市工作生活，老王拒绝把房子租给老张。
单选题In America and Europe magazine publishers have a common headache: total circulation is either flat or declining slightly as people devote more time to the internet, and an ever greater share of advertising spending is going online. Magazine units are mostly a drag on growth for their parents. Time Inc, the world' s biggest magazine company, has to fend off rum ours that its parent, Time Warner, will sell it. People in the industry expect that Time Warner will soon sell IPC Media, its British magazine subsidiary. The business model for consumer magazines is under pressure from several directions at once, both online and off. Magazines have become more expensive to launch, and the cost of attracting and keeping new subscribers has risen. In America newsstand sales have been worryingly weak, partly because supermarkets dominate distribution and shelf-space is in short supply. The internet's popularity has hit men's titles the hardest. FHM, the flagship "lads" magazine of Emap—a British media firm, for instance, lost a quarter of its circulation in the year to June. Not long ago consumer magazines were Emap's prize asset, but slowing growth from the division contributed to the company's decision to put itself up for sale. Men's magazines are in trouble in most developed-world markets as people have quickly switched from magazines to online services. There are good reasons why magazine owners should not feel pessimistic, however. For readers, many of the pleasing characteristics of magazines—their portability and glossiness, for instance— cannot be matched online. And magazines are not losing younger readers in the way that newspapers are. According to a study by the digital arm of Ogilvy Group, appetite for magazines is largely unchanged between older "baby boomers" and young "millennials". On the advertising side, magazines are faring much better than newspapers, which are losing big chunks of revenue as classified advertising shifts online. Advertisers like the fact that in many genres, such as fashion, readers accept and value magazine ads and even consider them part of the product. Unfortunately, magazine publishers have been slow to get onto the internet. "Eighteen months ago the internet was something they worried about after 4pm on Friday," says Peter Kreisky, a consultant to the media industry, "but now it's at the heart of their business model. " To their credit, however, big magazine firms are doing far more than reproducing their print products online. They offer people useful, fun services online—Lagardere' s Car and Driver website, for instance, offers virtual test drives, and Better Homes and Gardens online has a 3D planning tool to help people redesign their homes.
单选题有三个可行的投资方案，按投资由小到大的顺序为A、B、C，其差额投资回收期分别
为T B-A＝4年，T C-A＝3年，T C-B＝6年。若基准投资回收期为5年，则方案从优到劣的顺序为（ ）
单选题A pair of dice, rolled again and again, will eventually produce two sixes. Similarly, the virus that causes influenza is constantly changing at random and, one day, will mutate in a way that will enable it to infect billions of people, and to kill millions. Many experts now believe a global outbreak of pandemic flu is overdue, and that the next one could be as bad as the one in 1918, which killed somewhere between 25m and 50m people. Today however, advances in medicine offer real hope that another such outbreak can be contained—if governments start preparing now. New research published this week suggests that a relatively small stockpile of an antiviral drug—as little as 3m doses—could be enough to limit sharply a flu pandemic if the drugs were deployed quickly to people in the area surrounding the initial outbreak. The drug's manufacturer, Roche, is talking to the World Health Organisation about donating such a stockpile. This is good news. But much more needs to be done, especially with a nasty strain of avian flu spreading in Asia which could mutate into a threat to humans. Since the SARS outbreak in 2003 a few countries have developed plans in preparation for similar episodes. But progress has been shamefully patchy, and there is still far too little international coordination. A global stockpile of drugs alone would not be much use without an adequate system of surveillance to identify early cases and a way of delivering treatment quickly. If an outbreak occurred in a border region, for example, a swift response would most likely depend on prior agreements between different countries about quarantine and containment. Reaching such agreements is rarely easy, but that makes the task all the more urgent. Rich countries tend to be better prepared than poor ones, but this should be no consolation to them. Flu does not respect borders. It is in everyone's interest to make sure that developing countries, especially in Asia, are also well prepared. Many may bridle at interference from outside. But if richer nations were willing to donate anti-viral drugs and guarantee a supply of any vaccine that becomes available, poorer nations might be willing to reach agreements over surveillance and preparedness. Simply sorting out a few details now will have lives (and recriminations) later. Will there be enough ventilators, makes and drugs? Where will people be treated if the hospitals overflow? Will food be delivered as normal? Too many countries have no answers to these questions.
单选题生活应该是一系列冒险，它很有乐趣，偶尔让人感到兴奋，有时却好像是通向不可预知未来的痛苦旅程。当你试图以一种创造性的方式生活时，即使身处沙漠中，也会遇到灵感之井、妙想之泉，但它们不是能事先拥有的。
下面哪一个选项所强调的意思与题干的主旨相同?
单选题下列各项中，不会对投资项目的内部收益率指标产生影响的因素是（ ）
单选题某人对x商品的恩格尔曲线的斜率保持在1的水平不变，则其在(12，8)点的收入弹性为( )。
单选题某个会议与会人员的情况如下：
(1)3人是由基层提升上来的；
(2)4人是北方人；
(3)2人是黑龙江人；
(4)5人拥有博士学位；
(5)黑龙江人没有博士学位；
(6)上述情况包含与会的所有人员。
那么，与会人员的人数是：
单选题假设某个小国的总量生产函数为Y=AK
0.3
L
0.7
。当该国的全要素生产率增加一倍后，该国的总产出将( )。
单选题消费者储蓄增多而消费支出减少，则( )
单选题蛛网模型以______假定为前提。( )
单选题平均而言，今天受过教育的人的读书时间明显少于50年前受过教育的人的读书时间。但是，现在每年销售的书册数却比50年前增加了很多。
以下大多项陈述都有助于解释上述现象，除了哪一项?
单选题完全竞争市场的厂商短期供给曲线是（ ）
单选题假设消费者的效用函数为u(x,y)=ln(x
0.5
+y)，同时消费者所面临的商品空间由商品x和商品y构成。在二维的商品空间中．如果我们以y的数量为纵轴，以x的数量为横轴，那么消费者在此商品空间中的无差异曲线的斜率为( )
单选题如果y=k
1/2
，s=0．4，折旧率=20％，稳态人均资本存量为( )。
单选题由于在乐业天坑中最大的天坑——大石围底部的原始森林中发现了与恐龙同时代的植物桫椤，有人据此推测，大石围应形成于恐龙时代，即6500万年前。
下列各项如果为真，哪一项最能反驳上述推测?
单选题在从原点出发的直线(射线)与TC曲线的切点上，AC( )
单选题2009年，某学院首次举行举重比赛，在此之后，每年举行一次，直至2015年。在这短短的几年中，有四个系得过冠军：中文系、历史系、化学系和数学系。比赛结果如下：
(1)在同一年内没有并列冠军队；
(2)数学系是唯一连续几年获胜的运动队；
(3)中文系既没有在2009年获胜，也没有在2015年获胜，化学系也是同样的情况；
(4)历史系在逢偶数的年份中都没有获胜。
如果数学系在2009年和2015年的比赛中均获胜，那么下列哪个判断必然是正确的?
单选题资本主义生产方式的本质特征是（ ）。
单选题设随机变量X和Y同分布，概率密度为，且，则a的值为______．A．B．C．D．
单选题若函数，则f"(x)在点x=0处______．
单选题由于量子理论的结论违反直观，有些科学家对这一理论持不同看法。尽管他们试图严格地表明量子理论的断言是不精确的(试图严格地证伪它)，但是发现，其误差在通常可接受的统计范围之内。量子理论的这些结果不同于与它相竞争的理论的结果，这表明接受量子理论是合理的。
以下哪一项原则最有助于表明上述推理的合理性?
单选题某设备的原始价值为8000元，初始运行费用为400元，每年低劣化增加值为320元，残值为0，则该设备的最优更新期（经济寿命）约为（ ）
单选题马克思主义政治经济学的分析从（ ）开始的。
单选题设f(x)是连续的偶函数，则其原函数F(x)一定是______．
单选题如果灵活性偏好曲线接近水平，意味着（ ）
单选题It's no surprise that Jennifer Senior's insightful, provocative magazine cover story, “I love My Children, I Hate My Life,” is arousing much chatter–nothing gets people talking like the suggestion that child rearing is anything less than a completely fulfilling, life-enriching experience. Rather than concluding that children make parents either happy or miserable, Senior suggests we need to redefine happiness: instead of thinking of it as something that can be measured by moment-to-moment joy, we should consider being happy as a past-tense condition. Even though the day-to-day experience of raising kids can be soul-crushingly hard, Senior writes that “the very things that in the moment dampen our moods can later be sources of intense gratification and delight.” The magazine cover showing an attractive mother holding a cute baby is hardly the only Madonna-and-child image on newsstands this week. There are also stories about newly adoptive–and newly single–mom Sandra Bullock, as well as the usual “Jennifer Aniston is pregnant” news. Practically every week features at least one celebrity mom, or mom-to-be, smiling on the newsstands. In a society that so persistently celebrates procreation, is it any wonder that admitting you regret having children is equivalent to admitting you support kitten-killing ? It doesn't seem quite fair, then, to compare the regrets of parents to the regrets of the children. Unhappy parents rarely are provoked to wonder if they shouldn't have had kids, but unhappy childless folks are bothered with the message that children are the single most important thing in the world: obviously their misery must be a direct result of the gaping baby-size holes in their lives. Of course, the image of parenthood that celebrity magazines like Us Weekly and People present is hugely unrealistic, especially when the parents are single mothers like Bullock. According to several studies concluding that parents are less happy than childless couples, single parents are the least happy of all. No shock there, considering how much work it is to raise a kid without a partner to lean on; yet to hear Sandra and Britney tell it, raising a kid on their “own” (read: with round-the-clock help) is a piece of cake. It's hard to imagine that many people are dumb enough to want children just because Reese and Angelina make it look so glamorous: most adults understand that a baby is not a haircut. But it's interesting to wonder if the images we see every week of stress-free, happiness-enhancing parenthood aren't in some small, subconscious way contributing to our own dissatisfactions with the actual experience, in the same way that a small part of us hoped getting “ the Rachel” might make us look just a little bit like Jennifer Aniston.
单选题当两种商品X、Y的效用函敦为Y(X．Y)=XY时，下列哪一种效用函数描述了相同的偏好次序?
单选题在一次魔术表演中，从七位魔术师G、H、K、L、N、P和Q中选择六位上场表演，表演时分成两队：1队和2队。每队有前、中、后三个位置，上场的魔术师恰好每人占一个位置，魔术师的选择和位置安排必须符合下列条件：
(1)如果安排G或H上场，他们必须在前位；
(2)如果安排K上场，他必须在中位；
(3)如果安排L上场，他必须在1队；
(4)P和K都不能与N在同一个队；
(5)P不能与Q在同一个队；
(6)如果H在2队，则Q在l队的中位。
单选题Every second, 1 hectare of the world's rainforest is destroyed. That's equivalent to two football fields. An area the size of New York City is lost every day. In a year, that adds up to 31 million hectares—more than the land area of Poland. This alarming rate of destruction has serious consequences for the environment; scientists estimate, for example, that 137 species of plant, insect or animal become extinct every day due to logging. In British Columbia, where, since 1990, thirteen rainforest valleys have been clearcut, 142 species of salmon have already become extinct, and the habitats of grizzly bears, wolves and many other creatures are threatened. Logging, however, provides jobs, profits, taxes for the government and cheap products of all kinds for consumers, so the government is reluctant to restrict or control it. Much of Canada's forestry production goes towards making pulp and paper. According to the Canadian Pulp and Paper Association, Canada supplies 34% of the world's wood pulp and 49% of its newsprint paper. If these paper products could be produced in some other way, Canadian forests could be preserved. Recently, a possible alternative way of producing paper has been suggested by agriculturalists and environmentalists: a plant called hemp. Hemp has been cultivated by many cultures for thousands of years. It produces fiber which can be made into paper, fuel, oils, textiles, food, and rope. For many centuries, it was essential to the economies of many countries because it was used to make the ropes and cables used on sailing ships; colonial expansion and the establishment of a world wide trading network would not have been possible without hemp. Nowadays, ships' cables are usually made from wire or synthetic fibres, but scientists are now suggesting that the cultivation of hemp should be revived for the production of paper and pulp. According to its proponents, four times as much paper can be produced from land using hemp rather than trees, and many environmentalists believe that the large-scale cultivation of hemp could reduce the pressure on Canada's forests. However, there is a problem: hemp is illegal in many countries of the world. This plant, so useful for fiber, rope, oil, fuel and textiles, is a species of cannabis, related to the plant from which marijuana is produced. In the late 1930s, a movement to ban the drug marijuana began to gather force, resulting in the eventual banning of the cultivation not only of the plant used to produce the drug, but also of the commercial fiber-producing hemp plant. Although both George Washington and Thomas Jefferson grew hemp in large quantities on their own land, any American growing the plant today would soon find himself in prison—despite the fact that marijuana cannot be produced from the hemp plant, since it contains almost no THC (the active ingredient in the drug). In recent years, two major movements for legalization have been gathering strength. One group of activists believes that ALL cannabis should be legal—both the hemp plant and the marijuana plant—and that the use of the drug marijuana should not be an offense. They argue that marijuana is not dangerous or addictive, and that it is used by large numbers of people who are not criminals but productive members of society. They also point out that marijuana is less toxic than alcohol or tobacco. The other legalization movement is concerned only with the hemp plant used to produce fiber; this group wants to make it legal to cultivate the plant and sell the fiber for paper and pulp production. This second group has had a major triumph recently: in 1997, Canada legalized the farming of hemp for fiber. For the first time since 1938, hundreds of farmers are planting this crop, and soon we can expect to see pulp and paper produced from this new source.
单选题若某商品的需求曲线为一条向右下方倾斜的直线，当厂商由高到低逐渐降低销售价格时( )。
单选题某国家领导人要在连续6天(分别编号为第一天、第二天……第六天)内视察6座工厂F、G、H、J、O和R，每天只视察一座工厂，每座工厂只视察一次。视察时间的安排必须符合下列条件：
(1)视察F在第一天或第六天。
(2)视察J的日子比视察Q的日子早。
(3)视察Q恰在视察R的前一天。
(4)如果视察G在第三天，则视察O在第五天。
单选题在某大型理发店内，所有的理发师都是北方人，所有的女员工都是南方人，所有的已婚者都是女员工，所以，所有的已婚者都不是理发师。
下面哪一项如果为真，将证明上述推理的前提至少有一个是假的?
单选题设随机变量X的概率密度为，则其分布函数______．A．B．C．D．
单选题圈养动物是比野生动物更有意思的研究对象。因此，研究圈养动物能够比研究野生动物学到更多的东西。
上面的论证依赖于下面哪一个假设?
单选题在下面哪一种经济体中，货币政策将会对产出产生最大的影响。( )
单选题When anyone opens a current account at a bank, he is lending the bank money. He may (1) the repayment of the money at any time, either (2) cash or by drawing a check in favor of another person. (3) , the banker-customer relationship is that of debtor and creditor who is (4) depending on whether the customer's account is (5) credit or is overdrawn. But, in (6) to that basically simple concept, the bank and its customer (7) a large number of obligations to one another. Many of these obligations can give (8) to problems and complications but a bank customer, unlike, say, a buyer of goods, cannot complain that the law is (9) against him. The bank must (10) its customer's instructions, and not those of anyone else. (11) , for example, a customer opens an account, he instructs the bank to debit his account only in (12) of checks drawn by himself. He gives the bank (13) of his signature, and there is a very firm rule that the bank has no right or (14) to pay out a customer's money (15) a check on which its customer's signature has been (16) It makes no difference that the forgery may have been a very (17) one: the bank must recognize its customer's signature. For this reason there is no (18) to the customer in the practice, (19) by banks, of printing the customer's name on his checks. If this (20) Forgery, it is the bank that will lose, not the customer. (254 words)
单选题每个委员在委员会中工作两年，委员会由4人组成，其中2名成员来自4位法官——F、G、H、I，另外2名成员来自3位科学家——V、Y、Z。每年，该委员会有1名成员做主席。第一年做主席的成员在第二年必须退出该委员会。在第二年做主席的人在第一年必须是该委员会的成员。该委员会成员必须满足下面的条件：
(1)G和V不能在同一年成为该委员会的成员；
(2)H和Y不能在同一年成为该委员会的成员；
(3)每一年，I和V中有且只有一位做该委员会的成员。
单选题假定政府规定纳税人收入的第一个1000元免征利息税。这会使得( )。
单选题素数是指只含有两个因子的自然数(只能被自身和l整除)。孪生素数，是指两个相差为2的素数。比如，3和5，17和19等。所谓的孪生素数猜想，是由希腊数学家欧几里得提出的，意思是存在无穷对孪生素数。该论题一直未得到证明。近期，美国一位华人讲师的最新研究表明，虽然还无法证明存在无穷多个之差为2的素数对，但存在无穷多个之差小于7000万的素数对。有关方面认为，如果这个结果成立，那么将是数论发展的一项重大突破。
以下哪一项如果为真，最能支持上述有关方面的观点?
单选题在短期生产的边际报酬递减阶段， STC曲线（ ）
单选题亚里士多德的《辨谬篇》记载有这样一则诡辩：“你有一条狗，它是有儿女的，所以它是一个父亲；它是你的，因而它是你的父亲；你打它，就是打你自己的父亲。”
以下哪项犯有与上述诡辩相同的逻辑谬误?
单选题设函数在R上连续，则a=______。
单选题若，则=______．
单选题吉芬商品的出现是因为( )。
单选题资本主义经济危机的实质是（ ）的危机。
单选题某甲在3年前存入银行1000。头两年，她以5％的年利率收益，第三年，以6％收益。那么现在，她的账户中有( )。
单选题资本主义工资的实质是（ ）。
单选题序数效用理论认为，不同消费者从相同商品中获得的效用大小( )。
单选题在信用体系中占主导地位的信用是（ ）。
单选题( )是用来计算CPI的指标商品。
单选题敏感性分析的目的是从各（ ）中找出敏感因素，判断敏感因素发生不利变化时投
资方案的承受能力。
单选题货币流通规律的基本内容是（ ）。
单选题Everyday some 16m barrels of oil leave the Gulf through the Strait of Hormuz. That is enough to fill a soft-drink can for everyone on earth, or to power every motor vehicle on the planet for 25 miles (40kin). Gulf oil accounts for 40% of global trade in the sticky stuff. More important, it makes up two-thirds of known deposits. Whereas at present production rates the rest of the world's oil reserves will last for a mere 25 years, the Gulf's will last for 100. In other words, the region's strategic importance is set to grow and grow. Or at least so goes the conventional wisdom, which is usually rounded out with scary talk of unstable supplies, spendthrift regimes and a potential fundamentalist menace. Yet all those numbers come with caveats. A great deal of oil is consumed by the countries that produce it rather than traded, so in reality the Gulf accounts for less than a quarter of the world's daily consumption. As for reserves, the figures are as changeable as a mirage in the desert. The most comprehensive research available, conducted by the US Geological Survey, refers to an "expected" total volume for global hydrocarbon deposits that is about double current known reserves. Using that figure, and throwing in natural gas along with oil, it appears that the Gulf contains a more moderate 30% or so of the planet's future fossil-fuel supplies. Leaving out the two Gulf states that are not covered in this survey--Iran and Iraq--the remaining six between them hold something like 20% of world hydrocarbon reserves, not much more than Russia. All the same, it is still a hefty chunk; enough, you might think, to keep the people living atop the wells in comfort for the foreseeable future. But you might be wrong. At present, the nations of the Gulf Cooperation Council have a combined national income roughly equal to Switzerland's, but a population which, at around 30m, is more than four times as big. It is also the fastest-growing on earth, having increased at nine times the Swiss rate over the past quarter-century. Meanwhile the region's share of world oil trade has fallen, as has the average price per barrel. As a result, the income per person generated by GCC oil exports has been diminishing since the 1970s. True, surging demand from America and Asia has recently boosted the Gulf's share of trade, but the medium-term outlook for oil pries remains weak. Combined with continued growth in oil consumption, this should create sustained upward pressure on prices. And high oil prices will speed the search for alternatives. Who knows, in 20 years' time fuel cells and hydrogen power may have started to become commercial propositions.
单选题对完全垄断厂商来说，( )。
单选题下列各式中，不等于零的是______．A．B．C．D．
单选题某工人在工资率为每小时2美元的时候每周挣80美元，每小时3美元的时候每周挣105美元，由此可以断定( )
单选题某设备的核定价值为8000元，使用年限为10年，期末残值为零，用双倍余额递减法计算的第3年折旧额为（ ）元。
单选题设函数y=f(x)在x0点处可导，Δx，Δy分别为自变量和函数的增量，dy为其微分且f"(x0)≠0，则=______．
单选题某月内，X商品的瞢代品的价格上升和互补品的价格上升，分别引起X商品的需求变动量为50单位和80单位，则它们共同作用下该月X商品需求数量( )
单选题设向量组(Ⅰ)α
1
，α
2
，…，α
s
，其秩为r
1
，向量组(Ⅱ)β
1
，β
2
，…，β
s
，其秩为r
2
，且β
i
(i=1，2，…，s)均可以由α
1
，α
2
，…，α
s
线性表示，则______．
单选题认为在长期与短期中都不存在菲利蒲斯曲线所表示的失业率与通货膨胀率之间交替关系的经济学派是（ ）
单选题某司机驾驶违章，交警说：“对你要么扣驾照，要么罚款。”司机说：“我不同意。”那么，按照司机的说法，以下哪项断定是他在逻辑上是必须同意的?
单选题在完全竞争市场中，在厂商的停止营业点上，应该有（ ）。
单选题在两个人（A和B） 、 两种商品（X和Y） 的经济中， 交换和生产的帕累托最优条件是（ ）
单选题货币最基本的功能是（ ）。
单选题按照货币主义的观点，下面哪些因素最可能使自然失业率永久下降( )(1)直接税和间接税的削减；(2)货币供给的增加；(3)政府对劳动力重新培训的支出的增加。
单选题假设随机变量X的分布函数为F(x)，概率密度f(x)=af1(x)+bf2(x)，其中f1(x)是正态分布N(0，σ2)的密度函数，f2(x)是参数为λ的指数分布的密度函数，已知，则______·A．a=1.b=0B．C．D．
单选题按照蛛网原理，若供给曲线和需求曲线均为直线。则收敛性摆动的条件是( )．
单选题边际产量曲线与平均产量曲线相交之前有（ ）
单选题有七名心脏病患者E、F、G、H、I、J、K要分配给四名医生负责治疗，他们是张医生、李医生、王医生和刘医生。每名患者只能由一位医生负责，每位医生最多负责两名患者的治疗。患者中J和K是儿童，其余五个是成年人；E、F和堤男性，其余四人是女性。必须满足以下条件：
(1)张医生只负责治疗男性患者；
(2)李医生只能负责1名患者的治疗工作；
(3)如果某名医生负责治疗1名儿童患者，那么他必须负责与这个患儿性别相同的1名成人患者的治疗工作。
单选题根据索洛模型，下列( )不会导致人均收入的趋同(收敛)。
单选题经济学家对一项政府政策的效果做出预测属于( )。
单选题下列各项指标中，由现期要素成本加总得到的是( )。
单选题资本区别于一般货币的根本特征是（ ）。
单选题设f(x)连续，且，则=______．A．B．C．D．
单选题函数的极小值点x0是______．
单选题下列( )不属于宏观经济学的研究范围。
单选题已知方程x
2
y
2
+y=1(y＞0)确定为x的函数，则______．
单选题某企业拟进行一项固定资产投资决策，设基准折现率为12%，有4个方案可供选择。其中，甲方案按计算期为10年计算的净现值为1000万元；乙方案的净现值率为－15%；丙方案按计算期为11年的净年值为150万元；丁方案的内部收益率为10%。最优的投资方案是（ ）。（（P/A,12%，10）＝5.6502）
单选题在短期，居民的( )有可能大于可支配收入。
单选题设f(x)在区间(-δ，δ)内有定义，若当x∈(-δ，δ)时，恒有|f(x)|≤x
2
，则x=0必是f(x)的______．
单选题如果人们不是消费其所有收入，而是将未消费部分存入银行或购买证券，这在国民收入的生产中是( )。
单选题如果一国的国内生产总值大于国民生产总值，则国外净要素收入( )。
单选题在国民收入核算账户中，不能列入投资项目的是( )。
单选题Short of money? Need an instant loan? Since the early 1990s your best bet has been to go to the low-rent end of town and find an appointed loan-shop. There you can borrow money in small amounts, generally not much more than $500, against your post-dated pay-cheque. You will be charged around $15 interest for every $100 you borrow--and that is per month. For many people, there is no alternative. Banks refuse to make small loans because there is no money in it, and completely unregulated lending, via the internet or loan sharks, is too alarming. According to the Community Financial Services Association, an advocacy group for the industry, most borrowers are responsible and pay off their loans in a timely manner. But some don't. The Centre for Responsible Lending, a consumer group, says that many borrowers routinely roll over their loans. This quickly brings them into debt traps. A typical borrower may end up paying $793 for a $325 loan. The centre estimates that payday loans cost Americans $4.2 billion a year in interest and fees. The industry thrives, in large part, because it operates mostly outside state usury laws that prohibit excessive interest rates. Its spokesmen say lenders need such exemptions to make a profit on their basic service, small loans. Lenders say that their returns would amount to pennies on the dollar if interest rates were capped. In fact, they say, such restrictions would put them out of business. And that is exactly what many of their opponents would like to see--particularly when it comes to loans made to the families of soldiers. In one of the last acts of the Republican Congress, payday lenders were restricted to interest rates of 36% on loans to military personnel and their spouses. The Pentagon is worried that uniformed personnel, especially those serving in Iraq, have been losing their security clearances because of excessive debt at home. This, among other things, was leading to the costly reassignment of highly trained troops, such as communications experts, to ordinary low-skill jobs. Robert Frank, an economist at Cornell University, wrote recently in the New York Times that the industry -- not unlike the sub-prime mortgage sector -- is a beneficiary of the sweeping deregulation of the financial-services industry that has made credit more accessible. Its adverse consequences, he says, were" completely predictable". Once poor people get in over their heads, they will borrow themselves into bankruptcy if the law permits; and" if we are unhappy about that, the only solution is to change the rules./
单选题在下列情况中应该计入当年国民生产总值的是（ ）
单选题设y=y(x)由方程x3-ax2y2+by3=0确定，且y(1)=1，x=1是驻点，则______．A．a=b=3B．C．D．a=-2，b=-3
单选题若两种商品X和Y的需求交叉价格弹性系数为-3，则( )。
单选题桓公问：“为何说寡人读的是古人的糟粕?”轮扁说：“依我的经验看，斫车轮，轮孔做得稍大就松滑而不坚固，做得稍小就滞涩难入，要想做得不大不小，不松不紧，必须得之于心而应之于手。有高超的技术存在其中，却无法用语言传达，我无法教给我儿子，所以，我都七十岁了还得斫轮。古人已经死了，他们所不能言传的精华也跟着消灭了，那么您所读的就是古人的糟粕了。”
以下哪一项陈述是轮扁的议论所依赖的假设?
单选题生产可能性曲线是指( )。
单选题下列命题中，正确的是______．
单选题某消费者对商品X的消费达到饱和点时，则边际效用MUx为（ ）。
单选题标准的新古典生产函数( )。
单选题失业率是指失业人数在( )人数中所占的比例。
单选题疾病预防控制中心的研究报告认为，烟草使用是首要的可预防死因。每年全世界有500万人死于烟草相关疾病，其中每年死于二手烟的人数高达60万，1/4以上为儿童。
以下各项如果为真，哪一项最不能质疑上述观点?
单选题在IS和LM曲线的交点处，( )。
单选题已知随机变量X服从二项分布且E(X)=2.4，D(X)=1.68，则二项分布的参数n，p的值为______．
单选题扩张性财政政策对经济的影响是（ ）
单选题消费者预算线发生平移时，连结消费诸均衡点的曲线称为（ ）。
单选题根据托宾的“q”理论，如果q值大于1，则（ ）
单选题小麦歉收导致小麦价格的上涨，下列说法中正确的是( )。
单选题脐带血指胎儿娩出，脐带结扎并离断后残留在胎盘和脐带中的血液，其中含有的造血干细胞对白血病、重症再生障碍性贫血、部分恶性肿瘤等疾病有显著疗效，是人生中错过就不再有的宝贵的自救资源。父母为新生儿保存脐带血，可以为孩子一生的健康提供保障。以下陈述如果为真，除哪一项外，都能削弱上述结论?
单选题已知g(x)是微分方程g"(x)+g(x)sinx=cosx的满足条件g(0)=0的解，=______．
单选题有人认为观看电视节目中的暴力镜头会导致观众好斗，难道说只看别人吃饭就能填饱自己的肚子吗?
以下哪项中的推理方法与上文最相似?
单选题The first man who cooked his food, instead of eating it raw, lived so long ago that we have no idea who he was or where he lived. We do know, however, that (1) thousands of years food was always eaten cold and (2) . Perhaps the cooked food was heated accidentally by a (3) fire or by the melted lava from an erupting (4) . When people first tasted food that had been cooked, they found it tasted better. However, (5) after this discover, cooked food must have remained a rarity (6) man learned how to make and light (7) . Primitive men who lived in hot regions could depend on the heat of the sun (8) their food. For example, in the desert (9) of the southwestern. United States, the Indians cooked their food by (10) it on a flat (11) in the hot sun. They cooked piece of meat and thin cakes of com meal in this (12) . We surmise that the earliest kitchen (13) was stick (14) which a piece of meat could be attached and held over a fire. Later this stick was (15) by an iron rod or spit which could be turned frequently to cook the meat (16) all sides. Cooking food in water was (17) before man learned to make water containers that could not be (18) by fire. The (19) cooking pots were reed or grass baskets in which soups, and stews could be cooked. As early as 166 B. C, the Egyptians had learned to make (20) permanent cooking pots out of sand stone. Many years later, the Eskimos learned to make similar pans.
单选题如果等成本曲线在坐标平面上与等产量曲线相交，那么要生产等产量曲线表示的产量水平( )
单选题下列选项中属于固定资产的是（ ）
单选题As Eleanor Roosevelt once said, "Universal human rights begin in small places, close to home." And Tolerance. org, a Web site from the Southern Poverty Law Center, is helping parents across the country create homes in which tolerance and understanding are guiding themes. "The goal of nurturing open-minded, empathetic children is a challenging one," says Jennifer Holladay, director of Tolerance. org. "To cultivate tolerance, parents have to instill in children a sense of empathy, respect and responsibility—to oneself and to others—as well as the recognition that every person on earth is a treasure." Holladay offers several ways parents can promote tolerance: Talk about tolerance. Tolerance education is an ongoing process; it cannot be captured in a single moment. Establish a high comfort level for open dialogue about social issues. Let children know that no subject is taboo. Identify intolerance when children are exposed to it. Point out stereotypes and cultural misinformation depicted in movies, TV shows, computer games and other media. Challenge bias when it comes from friends and family members. Do not let the moment pass. Begin with a qualified statement: "Andrew just called people of XYZ faith 'lunatics. ' What do you think about that, Zoe?" Let children do most of the talking. Challenge intolerance when it comes from your children. When a child says or does something that reflects biases or embraces stereotypes, confront the child: "What makes that joke funny, Jerome?" Guide the conversation toward internalization of empathy and respect—"Mimi uses a walker, honey. How do you think she would feel about that joke?" or "How did you feel when Robbie made fun of your glasses last week?" Support your children when they are the victims of intolerance. Respect children's troubles by acknowledging when they become targets of bias. Don't minimize the experience. Provide emotional support and then brainstorm constructive responses. For example, develop a set of comebacks to use when children are the victims of name-calling. Create opportunities for children to interact with people who are different from them. Look critically at how a child defines "normal." Expand the definition. Visit playgrounds where a variety of children are present—people of different races, socioeconomic backgrounds, family structures, etc. Encourage a child to spend time with elders—grandparents, for example. Encourage children to call upon community resources. A child who is concerned about world hunger can volunteer at a local soup kitchen or homeless shelter. The earlier children interact with the community, the better. This will help convey the lesson that we are not islands unto ourselves. Model the behavior you would like to see. As a parent and as your child's primary role model, be consistent in how you treat others. Remember, you may say, "Do as I say, not as I do," but actions really do speak louder than words.
单选题It is hard to box against a southpaw, as Apollo Creed found out when he fought Rocky Balboa in the first of an interminable series of movies. While "Rocky" is fiction, the strategic advantage of being left-handed in a fight is very real, simply because most right-handed people have little experience of fighting left-handers, but not vice versa. And the same competitive advantage is enjoyed by left-handers in other sports, such as tennis and cricket. The orthodox view of human handedness is that it is connected to the bilateral specialization of the brain that has concentrated language-processing functions on the left side of that organ. Because, long ago in the evolutionary past, an ancestor of humans (and all other vertebrate animals ) underwent a contortion that twisted its head around 180° relative to its body, the left side of the brain controls the right side of the body, and vice versa. In humans, the left brain (and thus the right body ) is usually dominant. And on average, left-handers are smaller and lighter than right-handers. That should put them at an evolutionary disadvantage. Sporting advantage notwithstanding, therefore, the existence of left-handedness poses a problem for biologists. But Charlotte Faurie and Michel Raymond, of the University of Montpellier Ⅱ, in France, think they know the answer. As they report in the Proceedings of the Royal Society, there is a clue in the advantage seen in boxing. As any schoolboy could tell you, winning fights enhances your status. If, in prehistory, this translated into increased reproductive success, it might have been enough to maintain a certain proportion of left-handers in the population, by balancing the costs of being left- handed with the advantages gained in fighting. If that is true, then there will be a higher proportion of left-handers in societies with higher levels of violence, since the advantages of being left-handed will be enhanced in such societies. Dr Faurie and Dr Raymond set out to test this hypothesis. Fighting in modern societies often involves the use of technology, notably firearms, that is unlikely to give any advantage to left-handers. So Dr Faurie and Dr Raymond decided to confine their investigation to the proportion of left-handers and the level of violence (by number of homicides) in traditional societies. By trawling the literature, checking with police departments, and even going out into the field and asking people, the two researchers found that the proportion of left-handers in a traditional society is, indeed, correlated with its homicide rate. One of the highest proportions of left-handers, for example, was found among the Yanomamo of South America. Raiding and warfare are central to Yanomamo culture. The murder rate is 4 per 1000 inhabitants per year (compared with, for example, 0.068 in New York). And, according to Dr Faurie and Dr Raymond, 22.6% of Yanomamo are left-handed. In contrast, Dioula-speaking people of Burkina Faso in West Africa are virtual pacifists. There are only 0.013 murders per 1000 inhabitants among them and only 3.4% of the population is left- handed. While there is no suggestion that left-handed people are more violent than the right- handed, it looks as though they are more successfully violent. Perhaps that helps to explain the double meaning of the word "sinister".
单选题下列( )不包括在GDP里面。
单选题Europe is desperate to succeed in business. Two years ago, the European Union's Lisbon summit Set a goal of becoming the world's leading economy by 2010. But success, as any new age executive coach might tell you, requires confronting the fear of failure. That is why Europe's approach to bankruptcy urgently needs reform. In Europe, as in the United States, many heavily indebted companies are shutting up shop just as the economy begins to recover. Ironically, the upturn is often the moment when weak firms finally fail. But America's failures have a big advantage over Europe's weaklings: their country's more relaxed approach to bankruptcy. In the United States the Chapter 11 law makes going bust an orderly and even routine process. Firms in trouble simply apply for breathing space from creditors. Managers submit a plan of reorganization to a judge, and creditors decide whether to give it a go or to come up with one of their own. Creditors have a say in whether to keep the firm running, or to liquidate it. If they keep it running, they often end up with a big chunk of equity, if not outright control. But shutting a bust European company is harder in two other ways. First, with no equivalent of Chapter 11, bankruptcy forces companies to stop trading abruptly. That damages the value of the creditors' potential assets, and may also cause havoc for customers. Second, a company that trades across the European Union will find that it has to abide by different bankruptcy laws in the 15 member states, whose courts and administrators may make conflicting and sometimes incompatible stipulations. The absence of provision for negotiations between companies and creditors increases the temptation for government to step in. When governments do not come to the rescue, the lack of clear rules can lead to chaos. As a result of all this, Europe's teetering firms miss the chance to become more competitive by selling assets to others who might manage them more efficiently. Their sickly American rivals survive, transformed, to sweep the field. An opportunity now exists to think again about Europe's approach to bankruptcy. The European Union is expected to issue a new directive on the subject in May. Germany has begun to update its insolvency law. And last year Britain produced a white paper saying that a rigid approach to bankruptcy could stifle the growth needed to meet Lisbon's goals.
单选题资本积累的两个社会经济后果是（ ）。
单选题资本主义企业的分配制度是（ ）为基础的。
单选题某消费者对商品1和商品2的效用函数为min(3x
1
，x
2
)，则在改消费者看来。两种商品属于( )
单选题政治经济学的出发点是（ ）。
单选题GDP缩减指数反映的是( )。
单选题已知，则=______．A．πB．C．D．
单选题某学校学雷锋小组决定给校园现在的小树浇水，可当他们到了学校之后，发现学校正好有三个学生，而小树也浇过了。
甲说：“是乙干的。”
乙说：“不是我干的。”
丙说：“不是我干的。”
这三个人中有两个说了假话，一个说了真话。由此可知，浇树的是：
单选题下列各项中哪一项会导致一国生产可能性曲线向外移动?( )
单选题假设某家庭有线性的消费函数，在收入为0时消费为1000，收入为5000元时，消费支出为4000元，这个家庭消费函数是( )。
单选题哈尔滨人都是北方人，有些哈尔滨人不是工人。
如果以上命题为真，则以下哪项必然为真?
单选题某公司有100亿元的现金，这是由未分配利润积累所得。公司计划利用这笔资金建造一家新工厂。最近，利率上升。那么利率的上升( )。
单选题美国著名的经济学家阿瑟噢肯发现了周期波动中经济增长率和失业率之间的经验关系，即当实际国内生产总值增长相对于潜在国内生产总值增长(美国一般将之定义为3%)下降2%时，失业率上升大约1%；这条经验法以其发现者命名，称为奥肯定律。潜在国内生产总值这个概念是奥肯首先提出的，它是指在保持价格相对稳定情况下一国经济所产生的最大产值。潜在国内生产总值也称充分就业国内生产总值。
下列选项中与上述的分析方法相同的是哪一项?
单选题在新古典增长模型中，稳态的资本劳动比决定于( )。
单选题一项500万元的借款，年利率为8%，若每半年复利计息一次，年实际利率将高出名义利率（ ）。
单选题Most of the people who appear most often and most gloriously in the history books are great conquerors and generals and soldiers, whereas the people who really helped civilization forward are often never mentioned at all. We do not know who first set a broken leg, or launched a seaworthy boat, or calculated the length of the year, or manured a field; but we know all about the killers and destroyers. People think a great deal of them, so much so that on all the highest pillars in the great cities of the world you will find the figure of a conqueror or a general or a soldier. And I think most people believe that the greatest countries are those that have beaten in battle the greatest number of other countries and ruled over them as conquerors. It is just possible they are, but they are not the most civilized. Animals fight; so do savages; hence to be good at fighting is to be good in the way in which an animal or a savage is good, but it is not to be civilized. Even being good at getting other people to fight for you and telling them how to do it most efficiently--this, after all, is what conquerors and generals have done--is not being civilized. People fight to settle quarrels. Fighting means killing, and civilized peoples ought to be able to find some way of settling their disputes other than by seeing which side can kill off the greater number of the other side, and then saying that that side which has killed most has won. And not only has won, but, because it has won, has been in the right. For that is what going to war means; it means saying that might is right. That is what the story of mankind has on the whole been like. Even our own age has fought the two greatest wars in history, in which millions of people were killed or mutilated. And while today it is true that people do not fight and kill each other in the streets--while, that is to say, we have got to the stage of keeping the rules and behaving properly to each other in daily life--nations and countries have not learnt to do this yet, and still behave like savages. But we must not expect too much. After all, the race of men has only just started. From the point of view of evolution, human beings are very young children indeed, babies, in fact, of a few months old. Scientists reckon that there has been life of some sort on the earth in the form of jellyfish and that kind of creature for about twelve hundred million years; but there have been men for only one million years, and there have been civilized men for about eight thousand years at the outside. These figures are difficult to grasp; so let us scale them down. Suppose that we reckon the whole past of living creatures on the earth as one hundred years; then the whole past of man works out at about one month, and during that month there have been civilizations for between seven and eight hours. So you see there has been little time to learn in, but there will be oceans of time in which to learn better. Taking man's civilized past at about seven or eight hours, we may estimate his future, that is to say, the whole period between now and when the sun grows too cold to maintain life any longer on the earth, at about one hundred thousand years. Thus mankind is only at the beginning of its civilized life, and as I say, we must not expect too much. The past of man has been on the whole a pretty beastly business, a business of fighting and bullying and gorging and grabbing and hurting. We must not expect even civilized peoples not to have done these things. All we can ask is that they will sometimes have done something else.
单选题顾颉刚先生认为，《周易》卦爻辞中记载了商代到西周初叶的人物和事迹，如高宗伐鬼方、帝乙归妹等，并据此推定《周易》卦爻辞的著作年代当在西周初叶。《周易》卦爻辞中记载的这些人物和事迹已被近年来出土的文献资料所证实。所以，顾先生的推定是可靠的。
以下哪一项陈述最准确地描述了上述论证的缺陷?
单选题设n阶方A，B，C满足关系式ABC=E，其中E为n阶单位矩阵，则必有______．
单选题根据过去10年中所做的4项主要调查，研究者发现：以高于85%的同龄儿童的体重作为肥胖的标准，北京城区肥胖儿童的数量一直在持续上升。
如果上述调查中的发现是正确的，据此可以得出以下哪项结论?
单选题设A为n×m矩阵，A以列分块，记A=(α
1
，α
2
，…，α
i
，…，α
m
)，在A中划去第i列得到的矩阵记为B，B=(α
1
，α
i-1
，α
i+1
，…，α
m
)，则R(A)=R(B)是α
i
可以由B的列向量线性表示的______．
单选题当一个国家出现通货膨胀或经济过热时，政府常常采取收紧银根、提高利率、提高贴现率等紧缩的货币政策进行调控。但是，1990年，日本政府为打压过高的股市和房地产泡沫，持续提高贴现率，最后造成通货紧缩，导致日本经济十几年停滞不前。1995年至1996年，泰国中央银行为抑制资产价格泡沫，不断收紧银根，持续提高利率，抑制了投资和消费，导致经济大衰退。
以下哪项陈述最适合作为上述论述的结论?
单选题若∫f(x)dx=F(x)+C，则∫f(ax2+b)xdx=______．A．F(ax2+b)+CB．C．D．2aF(ax2+b)+C
单选题下列各项可被计入GDP的是（ ）
单选题某一经济活动存在外部不经济是指该活动的( )
单选题表述1：企业的资本包括其股票和债券。表述2：经济学家不把购买企业股票看成一项投资。下列说法正确的是( )。
单选题Making good coffee is not a simple business. Coffee bushes must be grown in shade. A hillside is best--but it mustn't be too (1) . After three years, the bushes will start to (2) bright-red coffee "cherries", which are picked, processed to (3) the inner part, and spread out to dry for days, (4) on concrete. They are (5) again to separate the bean, which needs to rest, preferably for a few months. Only then can it be roasted, ground and brewed (6) the stuff that dreams are suppressed with. In Mexico and parts of Central America, (7) in Colombia, most coffee farmers are smallholders. They found it especially hard to (8) the recent fall in the coffee price. The (9) of their income makes it hard for farmers to invest to (10) their crop, says Fernando Celis. The fall forced many small farmers to (11) other crops, or migrate to cities. For farmers, one way out of this (12) is to separate the price they are paid (13) the international commodities markets. This is the (14) of Fair-trade, an organization which certifies products as "responsibly" sourced. Fair-trade determines at what price farmers make what it considers a (15) profit. Its current (16) is that the appropriate figure is 10% above the market price. (17) , sales of Fair-trade-certified coffee have increased from $ 22. 5m per year to $ 87m per year since 1998. This is still a tiny fraction of the overall world coffee trade, worth $10 billion (18) But there are plenty of other markets for high-quality coffee. Some small producers can (19) more by marketing their coffee as organic or "bird-friendly" because, unlike large, mechanized plantations, they have (20) shade trees.
单选题资本最一般的和初始的形态是指（ ）。
单选题社会简单再生产的基本实现条件是（ ）。
单选题设，则g(f(x))=______．A．B．C．D．
单选题以下基尼系数中， 表明收入分配最不平等的是（ ）
单选题若横轴表示收入，纵轴表示利率，则IS曲线的下方表示( )。
单选题Mass production, the defining characteristic of the Second Wave economy, becomes increasingly obsolete as firms install information intensive, often robotized manufacturing systems capable of endless cheap variation, even customization. The revolutionary result is, in effect, the demassification of mass production. The shift toward smart flex techs promotes diversity and feeds consumer choice to the point that a Wal-Mart store can offer the buyer nearly 110,000 products in various types, sizes, models and colors to choose among. But Wal-Mart is a mass merchandiser. Increasingly, the mass market itself is breaking up into differentiated niches as customer needs diverge and better information makes it possible for businesses to identify and serve micro markets. Specialty stores, boutiques, superstores, TV home-shopping systems, computer based buying, direct mail and other systems provide a growing diversity of channels through which producers can distribute their wares to customers in an increasingly demassified marketplace. When we wrote Future Shock in the late 1960s, visionary marketers began talking about "market segmentation". Today they no longer focus on " segments" but on " particles "—family units and even single individuals. Meanwhile, advertising is targeted at smaller and smaller market segments reached through increasingly demassified media. The dramatic breakup of mass audiences is underscored by the crisis of the once great TV networks, ABC, CBS, and NBC, at a time when Tele-Communications, Inc. of Denver, announces a fiber optic network capable of providing viewers with five hundred interactive channels of television. Such systems mean that sellers will be able to target buyers with even greater precision. The simultaneous demassification of production, distribution and communication revolutionizes the economy and shifts it from homogeneity toward extreme heterogeneity.
单选题地主A拥有一块土地的所有权，他雇佣农民B和C在其土地上进行生产。地主A和农民B、C订有合约，根据合约，地主A每年支付农民B和C一个固定工资w。对此，经济学家Qheung认为，固定工资加土地产出提成的合约形式能更好地激励农民努力劳动，同时还有助于地主和农民之间进行恰当的风险分担．请问Cheung所提出的合约形式期望解决以下的哪种问题?( )