单选题A．光面内质网大量增生B．前角蛋白细丝堆积C．增大的载有蛋白质的溶酶体D．线粒体肿胀、嵴消失

单选题For health insurance, the United States has taken the road less traveled. The United States is the only rich country without universal health insurance. People in the United States spend the most, rely heavily on the private sector, and obtain care from the world's most complicated delivery system. While some supporters have expressed satisfaction, if not pride, in these remarkable qualities, others contend that the United States faces unique limitations in reforming health care. In her exceptional book,Parting at the Crossroads, Antonia Maioni compares the formation of the U.S. and Canadian health-care systems for the years 1930—1960. The United States and Canada are often considered the most similar of Western democracies. They share a common border, are wealthy, and have federal government. Their trade unions are only moderately powerful, and their populations are diverse and young. Nevertheless, their heath-insurance systems are nearly opposite. The United States relies on a mix of government plans. Targeted to the elderly and indigent, and employment based plans, which the government indirectly supports, Canada offers public health insurance to all qualified resident, with the private sector providing supplementary services in some provinces. Labor organizations became strong advocates for health-insurance reform in both countries. Their impact partially depended on political institutions and how other actors, particularly organized medicine, wielded them. Canada's governmental and electoral systems allowed labor to cooperate with a social democratic party in the Saskatchewan province, which established a universal program. The Saskatchewan program demonstrated universal insurance feasibility, spurring the dominant Liberals to introduce a national universal program. In contrast, the U. S. electoral system effectively precluded third-party formation, forcing organized labor to dilute its health-insurance goals because it was one of many interests represented by the Democratic Party. Maioni suggests that economic vitality is important for the future of both countries' systems, but the prognosis is uncertain. Despite recent concerns about the Canadian government's budgetary health, Maioni contends that widespread support protects universal insurance. Conversely, Maioni seems pessimistic about options for U.S. universal health insurance. Despite economic buoyancy, dissension will likely prevent reforms. Although a devastating econmnic downturn would make health finance difficult in either country, the U.S. system seems especially vulnerable. Employment-based insurance and Medicare both rely on labor market attachment. High, chronic unemployment could result in coverage loss and financial difficulties for employer insurance and Medicare, swelling the uninsured pool. Such a crisis could provide an opening for universal health insurance. In any case, whether the United States relies on the public or private sector, escalating health expenditures figure into budget of government, corporations, and families, the U. S. health care system's future may depend on Americans" willingness to devote more of their national income to health care.

单选题下列哪项是维持机体稳态的重要途径

单选题属于常染色体显性遗传的遗传性肿瘤综合征是

单选题下列现象中，不属于负反馈调节的是

单选题血吸虫虫卵引起的病变主要发生在

单选题A．细动脉壁玻璃样变性B．细动脉壁纤维素样坏死C．小动脉内膜纤维化D．小血管内纤维素样血栓形成

单选题A．肾小球新月体形成B．部分肾小球节段性硬化C．C3颗粒状沉积于系膜区及基底膜内D．大部分肾小球纤维化，小部分肾小球代偿肥大E．肾小球毛细血管壁弥漫性增厚

单选题下列不符合良性肿瘤对机体的影响的描述是

单选题体循环的动脉栓塞，栓子主要来自

单选题A．系膜区及基底膜下有沉积物B．基底膜和脏层上皮细胞间有驼峰状沉积物C．基底膜和脏层上皮细胞间有小丘状沉积物使基底膜钉突状增厚D．肾小球内无沉积物

单选题下列情况中，属于自身调节的是(1992年，1999年)

单选题慢性消化性溃疡最常见的好发部位是

单选题下列哪一项不符合腺泡中央型肺气肿

单选题下列哪项不是血浆蛋白的主要功能

单选题下列不符合输卵管卵巢脓肿的描述是

单选题心率减慢(其他形成血压的因素不变)时，将增加的是

单选题在某凝血功能障碍患者血浆中加入足量组织因子和Ca 2+ 后，血浆凝同时间仍明显较正常人延长。该患者可能缺乏下列哪种物质?

单选题红细胞悬浮稳定性差会导致( )(2003年)

单选题A．促进生长和精力恢复B．促进生长和体力恢复C．促进学习记忆和精力恢复D．促进学习与体力恢复