单选题男性，25岁，2天前不明原因出现干咳、胸闷，继之明显喘憋。给予静滴青霉素治疗无效。近3年来，患者常于秋季出现发作性咳嗽、气短。查体：端坐呼吸，呼吸急促，皮肤黏膜轻度发绀，双肺呼吸音减低，散在哮鸣音，心界不大，脉搏120次／分，无杂音，有奇脉。诊断应首先考虑为

单选题下列哪项不符合系膜毛细血管性肾小球肾炎

单选题The unknown pervades the universe. That which people can see, with the aid of various sorts of telescope, accounts for just 4% of the total mass. The rest, however, must exist. Without it, galaxies would not survive and the universe would not be gently expanding, as witnessed by astronomers. What exactly constitutes this dark matter and dark energy remains mysterious, but physicists have recently uncovered some more clues, about the former, at least. One possible explanation for dark matter is a group of subatomic particles called neutrinos. Neutrinos are thought to be the most abundant particles in the universe. According to the Standard Model, the most successful description of particle physics to date, neutrinos come in three varieties, called "flavors". Again, according to the Standard Model, they are point-like, electrically neutral and massless. But in recent years, this view has been challenged, as physicists realized that neutrinos might have mass. The first strong evidence came in 1998, when researchers at an experiment, based in Japan, showed that muon neutrinos produced by cosmic rays hitting the upper atmosphere had gone missing by the time they should have reached an underground detector. Its operators suspect that the missing muon neutrinos had changed flavor, becoming electron neutrinos or-more likely-tau neutrinos. Theo- ry suggests that this process, called oscillation, can happen only if neutrinos have mass. Over the coming months and years, researchers hope to produce the most accurate measurements yet. The researchers created a beam of muon neutrinos first. On the other side of the target sat a particle detector that monitored the number of muon neutrinos leaving. The neutrinos then travelled 750km (450 miles) through the Earth to a detector in a former iron mine in Soudan, Minnesota. Researchers then were able to confirm that a significant number of muon neutrinos had disappeared-that is, they had changed flavor. While their mass is so small that neutrinos cannot be the sole constituent of dark matter, they have an advantage in that they are at least known to exist. The same cannot be said for sure of another possible form of dark matter being studied by a group of physicists in Italy. If the result continues to withstand scrutiny, it would appear to be evidence for an exotic new sort of fundamental particle, known as an axion, which could also be a type of dark matter.

单选题COPD的发病因素中哪一项最重要

单选题A．支气管腺体肥大、增生；黏膜上皮杯状细胞增多B．肺泡扩张，肺泡壁菲薄或断裂C．肺泡上皮增生，细胞内包涵体形成D．细支气管及周围肺泡化脓性炎E．肺组织高度纤维化

单选题不属于慢性炎症的病变是

单选题A．酚妥拉明试验B．螺内酯(安体舒通)试验C．地塞米松抑制试验D．肾动脉造影E．OGTT试验

单选题关于慢性肉芽肿性炎的描述，错误的是

单选题肺心病急性呼吸衰竭患者血分析结果：pH7．18，PaCO 2 6mmHg，HCO 3 - 6mmol／L，碱剩余一6mmol／L，考虑下列哪一项论断正确

单选题心力衰竭患者伴有高度房室传导阻滞时，应在选择下列哪种治疗的同时使用洋地黄

单选题男性，60岁。因疲劳后突发心悸、呼吸困难、咳嗽、咳泡沫血痰而来院急诊。既往有高血压病、心肌梗死史。查体：血压90／60 mmHg，端坐位，喘息状，口唇发绀，双肺满布中小水泡音，心率140次／分，心音听不清。下列急诊处理中，不正确的是

单选题女性，45岁，既往有Graves病8年，长期口服抗甲状腺素药物治疗，未规律服药，病情时有反复。近2月来感胸闷、心悸。入院后诊断：心房颤动。目前该患者的首选治疗是

单选题下列有关风湿病的描述，哪项是错误的( )(1998年)

单选题A．主动脉夹层B．急性心肌梗死C．肺动脉栓塞D．输尿管结石E．肠系膜动脉栓塞

单选题关于消化性溃疡的癌变，下列哪项是正确的A．各种消化性溃疡均有癌变可能B．癌变发生于溃疡边缘C．癌变率可达1%以上D．症状经严格的内科治疗无改善E．癌变率与年龄无关

单选题胆汁中的主要固体成分是

单选题女性，16岁，诊断病毒性心肌炎，心电图表现为完全性房室传导阻滞。其心脏听诊较有特征性的改变是

单选题Large, multinational corporations may be the companies whose ups and downs seize headlines. But to a far greater extent than most Americans realize, the economy's vitality depends on the fortunes of tiny shops and restaurants, neighborhood services and factories. Small businesses, defined as those with fewer than 100 workers, now employ nearly 60 percent of the work force and are expected to generate half of all new jobs between now and the year 2000. Some 1.2 million small firms have opened their doors over the past six years of economic growth, and 1989 will see an additional 200,000 entrepreneurs striking off on their own. Too many of these pioneers, however, will blaze ahead unprepared. Idealists will overestimate the clamor for their products or fail to factor in the competition. Nearly everyone will underestimate, often fatally, the capital that success requires. Midcareer executives, forced by a takeover or a restructuring to quit the corporation and find another way to support themselves, may savor the idea of being their own boss but may forget that entrepreneurs must also, at least for a while, be bookkeeper and receptionist, too. According to Small Business Administration data,24 of every 100 businesses starting out today are likely to have disappeared in two years, and 27 more will have shut their doors four years from now. By 1995,more than 60 of those 100 start-ups will have folded. A new study of 3,000 small businesses, sponsored by American Express and the National Federation of Independent Business, suggests slightly better odds: Three years after start-up, 77 percent of the companies surveyed were still alive. Most credited their success in large part to having picked a business they already were comfortable in. Eighty percent had worked with the same product or service in their last jobs. Thinking through an enterprise before the launch is obviously critical. But many entrepreneurs forget that a firm's health in its infancy may be little indication of how well it will age. You must tenderly monitor its pulse. In their zeal to expand, small-business owners often ignore early warning signs of a stagnant market or of decaying profitability. They hopefully pour more and more money into the enterprise, preferring not to acknowledge eroding profit margins that mean the market for their ingenious service or product has evaporated, or that they must cut the payroll or vacate their lavish offices. Only when the financial well runs dry do they see the seriousness of the illness, and by then the patient is usually too far gone to save. Frequent checks of your firm's vital signs will also guide you to a sensible rate of growth. To snatch opportunity, you must spot the signals that it is time to conquer new markets, add products or perhaps franchise your hot idea.

单选题男性患者，60岁，慢性阻塞性肺病15年，近1周咳喘加重，紫绀明显，烦躁，血气分析：pH7．4、PaO 2 40mmHg、PatCO 2 70mmHg，进行氧疗应采用

单选题女性，30岁，2周前有上呼吸道感染病史。2天来感心悸，胸痛伴乏力。查体：体温37．5℃，脉搏75次/分，血压100/70mmHg，咽稍红，扁桃体不大，心律规则，心率110次/分，心电图示室性心动过速。