填空题For25yearsnow,JaneGoodallhasbeenstudyingchimpanzeesinthewild,atGombeinTanzania.Aftertenyears,shewroteherbest-sellingbook,In,theShadowofMan,chroniclingherresearchuntilthen.Butifshehadstoppedthereshewouldhavelefttheworldwithamisleadinglybenign(温和的)viewofchimpanzees.Startingintheearlyseventies,JaneGoodallandherresearcherswerehorrifiedtoobserveaprolonged,deliberateandplannedwarfarebyonegroupofchimpanzeesuponanothergroupwhichhadbrokenawaysomeyearspreviously.Itfundamentallyalteredherperceptionofchimpsocietyasorderedandpeaceable.Hermoststartlingdiscoveryinherearlyyearswasthatchimpsusetools.Untilthen,paleoanthropologistsmadesharpdistinctionsbetweentoolusersandnon-toolusers,todifferentiatebetweenmenandmonkeys.Shedocumentedandphotographedchimpstakinglongsticks,pokingthemintotermiteholes,andextractingthetermitesonthesticksinordertoeatthem.Atthesametimesheandotherresearchersdiscoveredthatchimpsaretheonlyanimals,apartfromhumans,tobeself-aware.Atitsmostprimitivelevelthiscanbedemonstratedbystickingsomethingonachimp'sforeheadandshowinghimamirror.Thechimpwillimmediatelyrecognizehimselfandpulltheobjectoffhisforehead.Otheranimalswillpawatthemirrorandfailtorecognizethemselves,letalonerearrangethemselvesaccordingtotheimageinthemirror.Theyalsohaveastructuredlanguagewithabstractconcepts.Butherclinicalanddispassionatedescriptionofthewarthatobliterated(使……湮没)awhole]chimpcommunitymaychangeourperceptionsagainoftheclosenessoftherelationshipbetweenthemandus.Therewas,itappeared,noparticularlypressingreasonforthelargernortherngrouptosetaboutannihilatingthesoutherngroup.Theyturnedagainsttheothergroupbecauseintheyearssincethetwogroupsparted,theyhadbecomealiens,and,likehumans,chimpanzeegroupsarehostiletothoseoutsidetheimmediategroup.Sheobservedtoothatmanyofthem,especiallytheyoungermales,tookdeliberatepleasureinseekingoutdanger,byrangingclosetotheterritoryoccupiedbyothergroups.Oneortwoespeciallyaggressiveanimalswerefirsttoheadinthedirectionofalienchimpcalls,andlasttolingernearapotentialfight.

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填空题In this section, you will hear a short passage. For questions 21-30, complete the notes using three words or fewer for each blank. The passage will be read twice. Two ways of owning a book: -paying for it, which is the {{U}} {{U}} 1 {{/U}} {{/U}}to possession -{{U}} {{U}} 2 {{/U}} {{/U}}the ideas 3 kinds of book owners: -has all the {{U}} {{U}} 3 {{/U}} {{/U}}sets and best-sellers, unread and {{U}} {{U}} 4 {{/U}} {{/U}} -has a great many books, clean and shiny -has a collection of books, {{U}} {{U}} 5 {{/U}} {{/U}}and {{U}} {{U}} 6 {{/U}} {{/U}} Marking up a book is {{U}} {{U}} 7 {{/U}} {{/U}}to reading: -keeps you {{U}} {{U}} 8 {{/U}} {{/U}} -active reading is thinking -helps you remember the thoughts a number of devices for marking a book: -underlining -stars or asterisks at the {{U}} {{U}} 9 {{/U}} {{/U}} -{{U}} {{U}} 10 {{/U}} {{/U}}of key words or phrases

填空题Businesses Thrive on Transparency Stakeholders scrutinize business activity. Corporate transparency is changing the face of business. Consumers are now armed with new tools to uncover information about business firms on matters important to them. Corporations have no choice but to rethink their values and behaviors. Several factors drive this trend. ·The success of market economies and globalization: As market capitalism grows globally, the competitive success of firms and nations depends on genuine performance. ·The rise of knowledge work and business webs that depend on openness and candor regarding business and production matters, as opposed to firms' knowledge, which remains in employees' brains and resources. ·The spread of communications technology, especially the Internet, which challenges traditional business hierarchies by making information pervasive, immediate, and impossible to control. ·Demographics and the rise of the Net Generation: Young people today are more aware of the world around them and have a stronger sense of civil values than previous generations, mostly through technologies like the Internet. ·The rising global civil foundation: It's becoming more difficult to get away with bad behavior. The corporate world is responding by behaving more responsibly; business integrity is on the rise-and not for just legal or ethical reasons. It makes economic sense. Firms that exhibit ethical values, openness, and candor have discovered that they can better compete and profit. Furthermore, firms can't hide their secrets, thanks to information and communications innovations. Firms are transparent whether they want to be or not, and many are opting to make themselves transparent to better serve their shareholders and the public. The international banana company Chiquita is a firm that has benefited from this transparency. Chiquita saved itself from bankruptcy by becoming a transparent organization with more open, honest, and straightforward communications with all its stakeholders. Furthermore, a dramatic change in the company's image occurred: Chiquita has won several awards and is widely cited as a leader in corporate responsibility. Transparency has resulted in a network of stakeholders who scrutinize firms, with or without their knowledge. Firms that don't pay attention to this network open themselves to attack and can be devastated or destroyed. Those that stay aware of constituent and community values and behave accordingly can develop sustainable business models. Other benefits of transparency include more successful business partnerships and improved employee trust, resulting in lower costs, improved quality, better innovation, and loyalty. Transparency will also bring about a new breed of executive, one who has integrity, who leads by example, and who has the courage to do the right thing. Transparency demands that the corporation change, from paternalistic, inward-looking, and self-indulgent to engaged, stakeholder focused, responsive, and responsible. Mark each statement as either true (T) or false (F) according to the passage.

填空题采纳新规则的建议是主席提出的。(suggestion, 同位语从句)

填空题According to writer, what is the best reason for doing your own work?

填空题The ABC of Cooking It's a marvellous idea for children to do some cooking at an early age. Generally (1) (SPEAK), most children can't wait to help in the kitchen and love getting involved in the (2) (PREPARE) of their meals. They should be (3) (ENCOURAGE) to do so, and care should be taken to (4) (SURE)they enjoy the experience. It is important to show them how to do things (5) (CORRECT) but they shouldn't be criticized too much. Although the finished result may not be quite to your (6) (LIKE), the young cook will undoubtedly find it quite the (7) (TASTY) food he or she has ever eaten. Kitchens can, of course, be (8) (DANGER) places and so the absolute (9) (IMPORTANT)of keeping an eye on children at all times cannot be emphasized too (10) (HEAVY). Sharp knives, for example, should be avoided until children are old enough to handle them safely.

填空题To some extent，of course，it would not have been realistic to expect that peak level sales could be sustained throughout the year．

填空题Eachsymbolisworthanumber.Thetotalofthesymbolscanbefoundalongsideeachrowandcolumn.Whatnumbershouldreplacethequestionmark?

填空题 In this section, you will hear one passage once. You are required to make some necessary notes when you listen to it. After you hear the passage, you should complete the summary below using the exact words you hear from the recording, not exceeding three words in each blank. Remember to write the answers on the answer sheet. Although the architect's {{U}}(21) {{/U}} is primarily focused on design, in practice the architect is about a lot of other things. The more {{U}}(22) {{/U}} you can get in these other areas, the better prepared you will be for the future ahead. I think it is going to be a future with a lot of change. You need to know the whole business side of {{U}}(23) {{/U}}. You need to be able to talk about business to clients and pick up on the trends of business. We also need to have scientific {{U}}(24) {{/U}}. I think that we need to continue to be a {{U}}(25) {{/U}} of knowledge. Having greater knowledge is going to be very important to you in your roles as professionals. {{U}}(26) {{/U}} is important. So you need to develop your skills in languages. Don't be afraid to give some {{U}}(27) {{/U}} and some speeches. You will be doing it every day as an architect if you are going to sell your ideas. If you do all of these things, you will certainly be very {{U}}(28) {{/U}} individuals. You will be flexible; you will be able to adjust to trends and changes. We want to be leaders. We don't want to be {{U}}(29) {{/U}}. It is through professional development that we will be leaders. I think that if we do all of these things, we will see architecture return to a position of {{U}}(30) {{/U}}.

填空题Every year since 1998, Fortune Magazine has published a list of the "100 Best Companies to Work For". How does the magazine choose the companies? Firstly, it uses a survey. 350 employees answer fifty-seven questions about their company. Secondly, Fortune Magazine looks at important features of companies; for example, pay, benefits, and communication between workers and management. Finally, the magazine compares the results to find its Top 100. To a certain extent, the results are guesswork, but the companies on the list, by and large, have many things in common: they pay their employees well, they allow workers to make decisions, and they offer a comfortable workplace. Broadly speaking, however, the winners tend to offer something above and beyond the norm. J. M. Smucker, a jam and jelly company, give its workers free muffins and bagels for breakfast; at Griffin Hospital, employees get free massages; a bank called First Horizon National gives its employees time off to visit their children's classrooms. Wegmans Food Markets sent one worker on a ten-day trip to London, Paris and Italy to learn about cheese. This is not unusual for the New York-based company, which is well-known for the scholarships it gives its employees to further their education. At W. L. Gore, workers decide on their colleagues' salaries. Surprisingly enough, the most important thing for employees is not money. It is freedom to develop ideas. Timberland offers a six-month paid sabbatical for employees who have "a personal dream that benefits the community ". Let's not forget that all these companies are businesses whose priority is making money. They have to make a profit. And do they? Seemingly, the answer is a big " yes". The number one company on Fortune's 2005 list, Wegmans, makes a fortune. The company, which has a motto. "Employees first, customers second", is one of the fifty largest private companies in the US, with annual sales of ＄3. 6 billion, according to Forbes magazine. Apparently, being good to your employees is no obstacle to making money. How much of Wegmans' success is due to the company's policies? "Up to a point, the success is because of the freedom they give us, " says one employee. " On the other hand, no company gets rich just by being nice. Wegmans has great marketing strategies and it's well-positioned within the community. Irve been here for fifteen years. Looking back, I'd say that the company's innovations for customers, such as the Shoppers' Club electronic discount programme in the 90s, have been just as important as the benefits to staff. " But the employee benefits are striking. Fundamentally, Wegmans believes in professional development. As well as scholarships, the company gives its employees business opportunities. For years, one employee made delicious cookies for her colleagues. Eventually, she started selling the cookies in Wegmans. "I just asked the manager, " she says. " With hindsight. I should have asked earlier. I could have made more money! " The staff's freedom to make decisions is another thing you won't find everywhere. Essentially, Wegmans wants its workers to do almost anything to keep the customers happy. Believe it or not, an employee once cooked a Thanksgiving turkey in the store for a customer because the woman's turkey, bought in Wegmans, was too big for her oven. One manager says, i

填空题Turn in your collection of industry-supplied freebies and Goodman will send back a few replacement pens bearing the No Free Lunch insignia (标记). According to the Journal of the American Medical Association , the pharmaceutical (制药) in 1 spends $8,000 to $13,000 per physician each year to pro 2 its wares, which are hawked by a sales force of roughly 80,000 representatives. He decided to keep the clinic off-limits to drug sales re 3 but found it hard to practice. He created a 4 to sell the pens and mugs to raise money for the patients, which is called it NoFreeLunch. org. Drug companies send extravagant gifts to doctors, which do inf 5 what they prescribe. The more expensive drugs, which are heavily 6 (market) to doctors, are far more frequently pr 7 by doctors. Goodman has done many things to alert physicians to such 8 (trouble) data; he also plans to convince reed-schools to ed 9 their students about the 10 (ethic) hazard of accepting corporate gifts. "I find [No Free Lunch] to be one of the few hopeful things in this area," she says. "So many doctors are now bought and paid for."

填空题SpaceenthusiastshopingtobecomeChina'snextastronautsmustpass"superhuman"healthchecks..,andthatmeansnobadbreath.New"taikonauts"mustalsohavebrushedtheirteeththoroughlyovertheyearsasanyonewithdentalcavitiesisdisqualified.Andevenifanindividualisfightingfit,hewon'tbeselectediftherehasbeenanyseriousillnessinthelastthreegenerationsofhisfamily.Theseareamongstthe100healthre-quirementsforwould-beastronautsvyingtobepartofChina'snextspaceteam,accordingtotheYangtseEveningPaper.Theselectionprocess,whichthepapersaidisforthesecondbatchofChineseastronauts,willdisqualifythosewhohavescars,runnynoses,ringworm,drugallergiesorbadbreath."Thebadsmellwouldaffecttheirfellowcolleaguesintheconfinedspace,"saidShiBingbing,anofficialatoneofthesixastronauthealthscreeninghospitalsinNanjing.Asidefromthephysicalrequirementsofthejob,thecandidatemustalsopossessapleasantandadaptabledisposition,thepapersaid."Theseastronautscouldberegardedassuperhumanbeings,"Shisaid.ChinabecamethethirdcountrywithasuccessfulmannedspaceprogrammeaftertheysentanastronautintospaceaboardShenzhou5onOctober15,2003,formorethan21hours.China'sfirstmannedspace-walkoccurredinSeptemberlastyear.ZhaiZhigang,thesonofasnack-seller,unveiledasmallChineseflaginspace,helpedbyhiscolleagueLiuBoming,whoalsobrieflypoppedhisheadoutofthecapsule.ThespacewalkwasasteptowardsChina'slonger-termgoalofassemblingaspacelabandthenalargerspacestation.Completethefollowingsentenceswiththeinformationgiveninthepassageinamaximumof10wordsforeachsentence.

填空题One of the questions coming into focus as we face growing scarcity of resources in the world is how to divide limited resources among countries. In the international development com 66 , the coronal wisdom has been 67 the billion people living in poor countries could never expect to r 68 the standard of living that most of the people in North America e 69 , simply because the world does not contain enough iron ore, protein, petroleum, and so on. At the same time, we in the United States have continued to pursue super-affluence as though there were no limits 70 how much we could consume. We m 71 only 6 percent of the world's people; yet we consume one third of the world's resources. As long as the resources we consumed each year came primarily from w 72 our own boundaries, this was largely an internal matter. But as our resources come more and more from the outside world, we will no longer be able to think in 73 of "our" resources and "their" resources, but only of c 74 resources. As Americans consume such a(n) 75 (proportion) share of the world's resources, we have to question whether or not we can continue our pursuit of super-affluence in a world of 76 (scarce). We are now reaching the point at 77 we must carefully examine the presumed 1 78 between our level of well-being and the level of material goods consumed. If you have only one crust of bread and get another crust of bread, your well-being is greatly 79 (enhance). But if you have a loaf of bread, then an additional crust of bread doesn't make d 80 In the eyes of most of the world today, Americans have their loaf of bread and are asking for still mole. The prospect of a scarcity of, and competition in, the world's resources requires that we re-examine the way in which we relate to the rest of the world.

填空题International travel is becoming easier， faster and cheaper for many people nowadays. Write a composition to discuss the advantages of the growth of international travel both for travelers and for the countries they visit. You are asked to give your own views and write in an appropriate style in 150 words. Write your answer on the answer sheet.

填空题Almost every new innovation goes through there phases. When initially introducing into the market, the process of adoption is slow. The early 1 models are expensive and hard to use, and perhaps even unsafe. The economic impact is relatively great. 2 The other phase is the explosive one, where the innovation is rapidly 3 adopted by a large number of people. It gets cheaper and easier to use and becomes something familiar. And then in the third stage, diffusion (传播，扩 散) of the innovation slows down again, as if it permeates out across the 4 economy. During the third phase, the whole new industries spring up to produce 5 the new product or innovation, and to service it. For example, during the 1920s, there is a dramatic acceleration in auto production, from 1.9 million in 6 1920 to 4.5 million in 1929. This boom was accompanied with all sorts of 7 other essential activities necessary for an auto-based nation: Roads had to be built for the cars to run on; refineries and oil wells, to provide the gasoline; and garages, to repair it. Historically, the same pattern 8 is repeated again and again with innovations. The construction of the electrical system requested an enormous early investment in generation and 9 distribution capacity. The introduction of the radio was followed by a buying spree (无节制的狂热行为) by Americans what quickly brought radios into 10 almost half of all households by 1930, up from nearly none in 1924.

填空题I had a d (66) time last year with my health. For several months I su (67) from periodic headaches and almost constant nausea (恶心). I made several visits to my doctor, who attributed my headaches to migraine (偏头疼) and pro (68) me with medication. When this failed to work he f (69) on my nausea as the root cause of my problems, and (70) (blame) my headaches on the nausea. I took five blood tests, (71) of which revealed anything significant. I discussed my diet with the doctor at length, and we tried elim (72) certain foods from my diet. He suggested, for exampie, I might (73) be from a low-fiber diet. But still the symptoms persisted, and I started to resign myself to (74) (feel) ill for the rest of my life. I was understandably con (75) about the possibility of the illness (76) (be) something serious, even a brain tumor (肿块), but the doctor said that my anxiety was a result (77) nervous tension and stress. After six months I was referred to a consultant at the hospital, who spe (78) in stomach disorders. She said that, even allowing for my age and stressful lifestyle, it was still (79) (normal) to experience symptoms like mine for so long. She elaborated on all the possible causes of nausea in de (80) , and suggested that in my case the nausea night be the result of a liver disorder.

填空题 Read the following passage and fill in each blank with one word. Choose the word in either of the following two ways: use the correct form of the given word, or according to the given letters of the word. Remember to write the answers on the answer sheet. Education Issues Sara I'm a teacher of French and Spanish, and I think foreign languages are one of the areas where it's good to be creative. Young people need to learn foreign languages by sp{{U}} (66) {{/U}} them and doing fun activities like role-plays instead of just doing written exercises. Of course there is some hard work in learning a language, like trying to remember all those tenses of v{{U}} (67) {{/U}}, but I think it's a good idea to try to make classroom activities as enj{{U}} (68) {{/U}} as possible. Nick I left school four years ago, and looking back, one thing I'd say about the education system is that there are too many ex{{U}} (69) {{/U}} Instead of being able to enjoy learning about something, you're always wo{{U}} (70) {{/U}} about when the next test is, what questions are going to be on it, and whether or not you're going to p{{U}} (71) {{/U}} I also think there should be fewer compulsory sub{{U}} (72) {{/U}}. I had to study physics until I was 16 but I never had any interest in it, and I've now forgotten everything I learned. It seems like a w{{U}} (73) {{/U}} of time. Robert As a teacher for more than thirty years, I think these days there's too much emphasis on letting young people "express themselves" in the cl{{U}} (74) {{/U}}, and not enough emphasis on discipline. Most of my col{{U}} (75) {{/U}} have problems with pupils who are always {{U}}(76) {{/U}}(mess) around in lessons. These kids don't res{{U}} (77) {{/U}} the teachers or the other pupils, and we shouldn't have to put up with them—it should be easier to suspend or expel them if they don't behave. Diane These days you see so many young people who can't seem to write anything, not even a short email, without lots of spelling and {{U}}(78) {{/U}}(punctuate) mistakes. When I was at school the education system used to con{{U}} (79) {{/U}} on reading, writing and maths—and sometimes, as a Pa{{U}} (80) {{/U}} of young children myself, I worry that we've now moved too far away from that.

填空题Healthy guilt is a warning signal that either something dangerous is about to happen or something has already happened that needs c 1 . A feeling of distress is good when it keeps us from vio 2 our own values. It serves a useful function. Here is a(n) 3 : If a fire broke out in someone"s home 4 to faulty wiring, he would not be content with merely putting out the fire. Rather, he would have the house rewired. When we feel guilty about something, we have to make the necessary changes in our character to prevent a re 5 . Unhealthy guilt is a distressful feeling which occurs without reason or persists even after appropriate steps have been taken to deal 6 a situation. A person with low self-esteem may react to feelings of guilt in one of two ways: 7 (deny) that he has done wrong in order to protect his fragile ego; or experience the feeling as a con 8 that he is just an unworthy person. An example involves the case of Mr. L. He has a 9 (agree) with Mr. Y and exchanges angry words. Later that day, Mr. Y gets sick. Mr. L may feel that he was the c 10 of Mr. Y"s misfortune. Mr. L feels 11 (warrant) guilt for the misfortune and thinks that his angry feelings caused the misfortune. This is irrational thinking and is evi 12 of pathological guilt. When people do research 13 a particular challenge and make a decision, the decision may 14 to unfavorable consequences. Feeling distress and pain is normal. However, feeling guilty over the idea 15 you caused the consequences is unhealthy. As long as a decision is made with proper advice and with good intent, then the person remains morally right in having made the decision. There is no reason for guilt.

填空题Proofread the passage as required. Each indicated line contains a maximum of one error. Correct the passage in the following way: for a correct line, put the sign " √" in the corresponding blank; for a wrong word, underline the wrong word and write the correct one in the blank; for a missingzzpy word, mark the position of the missing word with the sign " ∧ " and write the word you believe to be missing in the blank; for an unnecessary word, cross the unnecessary word with the sign " — "and put the word with the sign " — " in the blank. Remember to write the answers on the answer sheet. The world is full of wonderful places, both natural and man-made. Easter Island lays in the south-eastern Pacific Ocean, about 3,600 81.______ kilometers west of mainland Chile. The island is called Easter Island because of it was discovered on Easter Sunday in 1772 by Dutch 82.______ explorer Jacob Roggeveen. Inhabited by Polynesians since 300 or 400 CE, Easter Island is now a World Heritage Site. The most amazed sight on it is the giant statues carved out of 83.______ the volcanic rock. These massive stone figures have made Easter Island a famous site. They were probable made by Polynesians 84.______ between about 1000 and 1600 CE. One mystery about these statues is how the primitive Polynesians, using only the simplest stone tools, 85.______ carved and then move these statues. The answer seems to be that they 86.______ were pulled along the rails made from trees by lots of people together. This could also be the reason why there are few tree on the island. 87.______ Over the centuries, Easter Island has suffered from deforestation, disease, war and climate changes. As result, most of the island's native Polynesian 88.______ identify has been lost. However, the island's magnificent stone figures 89. ______ will keep people fascinating in Polynesian history and culture for many 90.______ years to come.