单选题The English writing of college students in China is generally redundant for lack of specific words． A．ambiguous B．wordy C．unconvincing D．stereotyped

单选题Observers commented that loss of independence was too high a(n) ______ to pay for peace. A. cost B. expense C. expenditure D. price

单选题Mayor Pat Patterson said this new initiative ______ improving parking and pedestrian access. A. involves B. evolves C. dissolves D. resolves

单选题Directions: In this section, you will hear nine short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be read ONLY ONCE. Choose the best answer from the four choices given by marking the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scored Answer Sheet.

单选题Many people choose to be honest when creating their online ______ to make future dating easier. A. pretexts B. prepositions C. profiles D. protests

单选题What you have just said seems to have nothing to do with the matter in question. A. under attack B. under consideration C. under suspicion D. under way

单选题He used to play badminton with you, ______? A. didn't he B. used he C. did he D. gone off

单选题The great American scientist Edison had a remarkable ______ for inventing new things.

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单选题The U.S. athletes topped the gold medal totally for the 3rd straight time this summer. A. direct B. proceeding C. vertical D. successive

单选题The court held the parents {{U}}accountable for{{/U}} the minor child's acts of violence. A. responsible for B. indifferent to C. desperate for D. involved in

单选题 Americans are more socially isolated than they were 20 years ago, separated by work, commuting and the single life, researchers reported on Friday. Nearly a quarter of people surveyed said they had "zero" close friends with whom to discuss personal matters. More than 50 percent named two or fewer confidants, the researchers said. "This is a big social change, and it indicates something that's not good for our society," said Duke University Professor Lynn Smith-Lovin. Smith-Lovin's group used data from a national survey of 1,500 American adults that has been ongoing since 1972. She said it indicated people had a surprising drop in the number of close friends since 1985. At that time, Americans most commonly said they had three close friends whom they had known for a long time, saw often, and with whom they shared a number of interests. They were almost as likely to name four or five friends, and the relationships often sprang from their neighborhoods or communities. Ties to a close network of friends create a social safety net that is good for society. Research has also linked social support and civic participation to a longer life, Smith-Lovin said. The data also show the social isolation trend mirrors other class divides: Non- whites and people with less education tend to have smaller social networks than white Americans and the highly educated. That means that in daily life, personal emergencies and national disasters such as Hurricane Katrina, those with the fewest resources also have the fewest personal friends to call for advice and assistance. "It's one thing to know someone and exchange e-mails with them. It's another thing to say, 'Will you give me a ride out of town with all of my possessions and pets? And can I stay with you for a couple or three months?'" Smith-Lovin said. "Worrying about social isolation is not a matter of remembering a warm past. Real things are strongly connected with that," added Harvard University Public Policy Professor Robert Putnam. He suggested flexible work schedules would allow Americans to tend both personal and professional lives.

单选题Passage Three Some people are accustomed to think that facts must either be believed or they must be disbelieved—as if belief were like a light switch with only two positions, on or off. My use of the bathtub hoax is intended to illustrate that belief does not have to operate as a simple yes or no choice, all or nothing. Belief can be more conditional; it can be something that we decide to have "up to a point" or "to a degree". And so, the question we might ask ourselves while reading does not have to be "Should I believe it or not?" but instead can be "How much should I believe it?" This latter question implies that the belief we have in any given fact, or in any given idea, is not determined by whether it sounds right or whether the source is an authority. It means that our beliefs are determined by the reasons that justify them. Belief is not a mechanical action, brought about by invariable rules of nature. It is a human activity, the exercise of judgment. With this in mind, we might say that we perform this action better when we know what the reasons are that have led to our belief, and why they are good reasons. These observations do not deprive us of our ability to believe in what we reaD. They are not intended to transform you from credulous believers into stubborn doubters. The process of weighing beliefs against the quality of reasons is one that you already go through all the time, whether you are aware of it or not. We all do. The practice of critical reading is the exercise of this kind of judgment on purpose. By doing it, we protect ourselves from being led into belief for inadequate reasons, but at the same time we open up our minds to the possibility of arriving at belief for adequate ones. If we decide to grant or withhold consent based on the quality of the reasons that we are given, we admit at the same time that two things are possible: We admit that we might consent less in the future if we discover that the reasons are not so good after all; and we admit that we might consent more if we are ever presented with better reasons than we had formerly known. This attitude is not pure skepticism any more than it is pure credulity. It is somewhere in between. It is the attitude of an open-minded thinker, of someone who wishes to be responsible for deciding for herself or himself what to believe.

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单选题A high official is likely to win respect and trust if he can stick to his principles. A. turn to B. add to C. keep to D. lead to

单选题 Researchers may have found a solution to the annoying gender-wage gap: Tell all the male CEOs to have more babies. And only child daughters, to be precise. A new, not-yet-published study that tracked 12 years of wage data in Denmark finds that when male CEOs had daughters, their female employees' wages went up 1.3 percent while their male employees only gained 0.8 percent raises. The study's authors--from Aalborg University in Denmark, the University of Maryland, and Columbia—found that women's wages were boosted even more if the daughter was the first child Of the CEO. The researchers found that the birth of a first daughter to a male CEO "resulted in a 1.4 percent increase in women's wages, and an approximately 0.8 percent decrease in the gender wage gap. If the first daughter was also a first child, the gender wage gap decreased by roughly 2.8 percent." If a second daughter was born to a male CEO, women's wages were not significantly affected. "Thus, our results suggest that the first daughter 'flips a switch' in the mind of a male CEO, causing him to attend more to equality in gender-related wage policies," they write. David Gaddis Ross, co-author of the study and an assistant professor at Columbia's Business School, said he would love to do a similar study in the United States, but there is no way the data would be available. "Getting this information in the United States would be wildly difficult, especially on the family structure of the CEOs," he said. The Denmark data did not reveal names of individuals or companies, but each employee of every company in the country is attached to a code that researchers could use to find gender, number of children, salary, and other information such as home address and phone number. The study is not the first to examine how having a daughter affects men's decision-making. Ebonya Washington wrote in a study published in the American Economic Review in 2008 that U.S. legislators were more likely to vote more liberally on women's reproductive issues if they had daughters. Another study found that parents with daughters were more likely to adopt feminist views on gender equality.

单选题A person can explain his professional goals ______ position, prestige or income. A. in terms of B. in case of C. in view of D. in honor of

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单选题You don"t have to ask him to render an account of his actions, for he rarely tells the truth.

单选题Directions: In this part of the test, there are six short passages. Read each passage carefully, and then do the questions that follow. Passage One Before China started developing manned spaceship in 1992, space experts of the nation's "863" high-tech program had conducted 5-year studies on the question—will China choose to develop spaceship instead of space shuttle? Some experts held that since the U.S. and Russia had worked out space shuttles, China could learn from their technologies and experience, skip over spaceship and leap directly to space shuttle. Other experts believed that manned space flight was a matter involving human life, so safety and reliability must be put at top priority; space shuttle, although more advanced than spaceship technologically, bore tremendous technological difficulties and risks. Meanwhile, the development of space shuttle required many sophisticated technologies, which was a gap too big for China to bridge at that time. Viewed from the history of manned space flight, both the Soviet Union and the United States started from spaceship when beginning their space flight missions. Currently the most frequently launched and widely used spaceship is satellite-style manned spaceship. Another reason was the huge fund needed in developing space shuttle was too much for China. While China was already in possession of mature satellite recovery technology, based on which the recovery of spaceship can be solved, and many technologies for spaceship can be borrowed from that of satellites. After full discussion, comparison and analysis, experts reached agreement that China must take a space flight road conforming to its national conditions, must learn from the experience and developing way of Soviet Union and the U.S., which is, starting from spaceship instead of space shuttle. Moreover, considering that China had achieved much in developing carrier rocket and gained rich experience and solid technological ground for application satellites, especially recoverable ones, experts concluded that China could, through efforts, leap directly to the third-generation spaceship—manned spaceship with multiple cabins and astronauts.