单选题A tall building is usually equipped with several elevators, so it doesn't matter if one of them is out of order. A. in a mess B. in bad condition C. in short supply D. in a hurry

单选题Humans are beginning to realize that raising food animals contributes substantially to climate change. A. physically B. materially C. considerably D. favorably

单选题PM2.5 particles are thought particularly damaging to health because they can ______ deep into the lungs.

单选题It is suggested by the authors of the paper that their subjects are more prone to get heart disease than other groups.

单选题A.He'llgetpromoted.B.He'llgetanotherjob.C.He'llbedisappointed.D.He'llgiveatalk.

单选题Obsessed with their research on superconductive material, they were {{U}}oblivious of{{/U}} the goings-on around them. A. afraid of B. amazed at C. familiar with D. unaware of

单选题We should bear in mind that pupils who dislike school must be given a (an) {{U}}incentive{{/U}} to learn. A. objective B. spur C. stimulation D. goal

单选题Whatisthemainideaofthismini-talk?A.Howtotakecareoflittlebabies.B.Howtobecomequalifiedparents.C.Asingleparentshouldpaymoreattentiontothebaby'sdevelopment.D.Manyparentsdon'tknowhowtohelpbabiesdevelopinintelligence.

单选题Diligence, persistence and inspiration are {{U}}indispensable{{/U}} for a successful career nowadays. A. essential B. deadly C. incredible D. specific

单选题The Chinese have achieved a great deal, but difficulties and hardships will long ______.

单选题 {{B}}Passage Three {{/B}} In the United States it is not customary to telephone someone very early in the morning. If you telephone him early in the day, while he is shaving or having breakfast, the time of call shows that the matter is very important and requires immediate attention. The same meaning is attached to telephone calls made after 11：00 p. m.. If someone receives a call during sleeping hours, he assumes it is a matter of life or death. The time chosen for the call communicates its importance. In social life, time plays a very important part. In the United States, guests tend to feel they are not highly regarded if the invitation to a dinner party is extended only three or four days before the party date. But this is not true in all countries. In other areas of the world, it may be considered foolish to make an appointment too far in advance because plans, which are made for a date more than a week away, tend to be forgotten. The meanings of time differ in different parts of the world. Thus, misunderstandings arise between people from cultures that treat time differently. Promptness is valued highly in American life, for example. If people are not prompt, they may be regarded as impolite or not fully responsible. In the U.S. no one would think of keeping a business associate waiting for an hour, it would be too impolite. When equals meet, a person who is five minutes late is expected to make a short apology. If he is less than five minutes late, he will say a few words of explanation, though perhaps he will not complete the sentence. To Americans, forty minutes of waiting is the beginning of the "insult period" . No matter what is said in apology, there is little that can remove the damage done by an hour's wait. Yet in some other countries, a forty minutes' waiting period was not unusual. Instead of being the very end of the allowable waiting scale, it was just the beginning. Americans look ahead and are concerned almost entirely with the future. The American idea of the future is limited, however. It is the foreseeable future and not the future of the South Asian, which may involve centuries. Someone has said of the South Asian idea of time: "Time is like a museum with endless halls and rooms. You, the viewer, are walking through the museum in the dark, holding a light to each scene as you pass it. God is in charge of the museum, and only He knows all that is it. One lifetime represents one room" Since time has different meanings in different cultures, communication is often difficult. We will understand each other a little better if we can keep this fact in mind.

单选题People who smoke too much are {{U}}apparently{{/U}} at risk of disease. A. greatly B. distinctly C. mostly D. permanently

单选题The report proposes that students be allowed to work off their debt through community service. A. pay off B. get off C. dispose of D. run off

单选题Directions: In this section, you will hear nine short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be read only once. Choose the best answer from the four choices given by marking the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scored Answer Sheet.

单选题There is the realization that one can't separate moral values from the whole spectrum of values. A. perspective B. definition C. range D. series

单选题In English leaning, a ______ circle occurs when a student makes more errors after being scolded. A. vicious B. vigorous C. vertical D. voluntary

单选题By the time the general election was over, George felt mentally and physically {{U}}worn out{{/U}}. A. abused B. exhausted C. enhanced D. depressed

单选题The worst thing about television and radio is that they entertain us, saving us the trouble of entertaining ourselves. A hundred years ago, before all these devices were invented, if a person wanted to entertain himself with a song or a piece of music, he would have to do the singing himself or pick up a violin and play it. Now-, all he has to do is turn on the radio or TV As a result, singing and music have declined. Italians used to sing all the time. Now, they only do it in Hollywood movies. Indian movies are mostly a series of songs and dances wrapped around silly stories. As a result, they don't do much singing in Indian villages anymore. Indeed, ever since radio first came to life, there has been a terrible decline in amateur singing throughout the world. There are two reasons for this sad decline: One, human beings are astonishingly lazy. Put a lift in a building, and people would rather take it than climb even two flights of steps. Similarly, invent a machine that sings, and people would rather let the machine sing than sing themselves. The other reason is people are easily embarrassed. When there is a famous, talented musician readily available by pushing a button, which amateur violinist or pianist would want to try to entertain family or friends by himself ? These earnest reflections came to me recently when two CDs arrived in the mail: They are historic recordings of famous writers reading their own works. It was thrilling to hear the voices from a long dead past in the late 19th century. But today, reading out loud anything is no longer common. Today, we sing songs to our children until they are about two, we read simple books to them till they are about five, and once they have learnt to read themselves, we become deaf. We're alive only to the sound of the TV and the stereo. I count myself extremely lucky to have been born before TV became so common. 1 was about six before TV appeared. To keep us entertained, my mother had to do a good deal of singing and tell us endless tales. It was the same in many other homes. People spoke a language; they sang it, they recited it; it was something they could feel. Professional actors' performance is extraordinarily revealing. But I still prefer my own reading. Because it's mine. For the same reason, people find karaoke liberating. It is almost the only electronic thing that gives them back their own voice. Even if their voices are hoarse and hopelessly out of tune. At least it is meaningful self-entertainment.

单选题 Passage Four Economics has long been known as the dismal science. But is any economist so dreary as to criticize Christmas? At first glance, the holiday season in western economies seems a treat for those concerned with such vagaries as GDP growth. After all, everyone is spending; in America, retailers make 25% of their yearly sales and 60% of their profits between Thanksgiving and Christmas. Even so, economists find something to worry about in the nature of the purchases being made. Much of the holiday spending is on gifts for others. At the simplest level, giving gifts involves the giver thinking of something that the recipient would like—he tries to guess her preferences, as economists say—and then buying the gift and delivering it. Yet this guessing of preferences is no mean feat; indeed, it is often done badly. Every year, ties go unworn and books unread. And even if a gift is enjoyed, it may not be what the recipient would have bought had they spent the money themselves. Intrigued by this mismatch between wants and gifts, in 1993 Joel Waldfogel, then an economist at Yale University, sought to estimate the disparity in dollar terms. In a paper that has proved seminal in the literature on the issue, he asked students two questions at the end of a holiday season: first, estimate the total amount paid (by the givers) for all the holiday gifts you received; second, apart from the sentimental value of the items, if you did not have them, how much would you be willing to pay to get them? His results were gloomy: on average, a gift was valued by the recipient well below the price paid by the giver. The most conservative estimate put the average receiver's valuation at 90% of the buying price. The missing 10% is what economists call a deadweight loss: a waste of resources that could be averted without making anyone worse off. In other words, if the giver gave the cash value of the purchase instead of the gift itself, the recipient could then buy what she really wants, and be better off for no extra cost. If the results are generalized, a waste of one dollar in ten represents a huge aggregate loss to society. It suggests that in America, where givers spend $40 billion on Christmas gifts, $4 billion is being lost annually in the process of gift-giving. Add in birthdays, weddings and non-Christian occasions, and the figure would balloon. So should economists advocate an end to gift-giving, or at least press for money to become the gift of choice?

单选题{{U}}Ultimately{{/U}}, the better team did not win the game. A. Eventually B. Fortunately C. Occasionally D. Presumably