填空题A = Benjamin Franklin B = Washington Irving C = James Fenimore Cooper D = Philip Freneau Who... ※ is the first important writer to be critical of his country. 72. ______ ※ advocated old beliefs in some eases. 73. ______ ※ lived 76 years. 74. ______ ※ unfolded an epic account of a frontiersman in his novels. 75. ______ ※ is remembered more for his poetry than his prose. 76. ______ ※ uses many long words, often from Latin, in his book. 77. ______ was once a sailor. 78. ______ ※ wrote a novel in 1826 as the second in the series. 79. ______ ※ got the idea for his most famous story from a German 80. ______ legend. ※ in his short stories, the incidents anti descriptive details 81. ______ usually have symbolic significance. Benjamin Franklin Franklin(1706-1790) was a universal genius who did not realize that his Autobiography would eventually become a classic of its kind. The part of it given here shows the beginnings of his personal, civic, anti political success, yet the account is uncolored by vanity. Franklin shows us that he is a human being as well as a successful man. Though his style of writing was clear anti even plain in his time, we now find it a bit hard to read. It has many long words, often from the Latin language, anti long sentences. But we must remember that he was writing two centuries ago. It is true that Franklin's style is formal. The organization of much of what he says if not how he says it is informal, however. In his famous Autobiography, in particular, he talks first about one thing and then another with little attempt at connecting them. Of course, not all of his ideas were new. In some cases he simply became the most prominent advocate of old ones, especially the beliefs that we should work hard and that we should save our money. These principles had been current since Puritan times but Franklin spread them widely by putting them into a popular almanac or calendar called Poor Richard's Almanac, which he himself printed. Washington Irving Irving (1783—1859) was America's first man of letters, devoting much of Iris career to literature. In his short stories, he usually starts with standard characters-the lazy husbands, for instance, and the termagant wife. He is able, however, in his better stories to place them in a home-like situation and in surroundings that give the stories a kind of vitality. Irving's choice of incidents and descriptive details adds a note of symbolism to the basic themes, creating an almost Gothic atmosphere. Irving got the idea for his most famous story, "Rip Van Winkle," from a German legend about a sleeping emperor, which he points out in a mock-scholarly note added at the end of the story. According to the note, the tale originated with Diedrich Knickerbocker, an old Dutch gentleman of New York, who is really a fictional character created by Irving. (The old gentleman's name was later adopted by a group of New York writers of the period, among whom Irving, James Fenimore Cooper, and William Cullen Bryant were the foremost Knickerbockers.) "Rip Van Winkle" is found in Irving's longer work, The Sketch Book of Geoffrey Crayon, Gent. , published serially in the United States from 1819 to 1820.James Fenimore Cooper Cooper (1789—1851 ) wrote both novels and social criticism. It is his fiction which has become famous, but it is worth remembering that he also wrote books criticizing the shortcomings of democracy in his own country. He is the first important writer to be critical of the United States but he will by no means be the last. His fiction is much more memorable, however. The Last of the Mohicans, written in 1826, is the second novel in Cooper's Leatherstocking Series. Consisting of five novels, the series gets it title from one of the names applied to its frontiersman hero, Natty Bumppo, who is also called Deerslayer, Hawkeye, Pathfinder, and l,eatherstocking. Tile five novels tell the story of Bumppo from youth to old age. The creation of the character of Natty Bumppo is probably the most significant thing that happened in American literature during the first 50 years of its history. Like Sir Walter Scott and other romantic writers who dealt with historical or legendary characters, Cooper, in his tales about Bumppo, unfolded an epic account. Bumppo, a frontiersman whose actions were shaped by the forest in which he lived, seems to be related in some way to the deepest meaning of the American experience itself. Philip Freneau PHILIP FRENEAU was an ardent patriot who is still remembered as the "Poet of the American Revolution." While in college, he had already determined to become a poet. After his experience as a sailor in the Revolutionary War, he turned to newspaper and pamphlet writing. Today, however, Freneau is remembered more for is poetry than his prose. Two of his poems are reprinted below. The first, "The Wild Honey Suckle" was virtually unread in the poet's lifetime, yet it deserves a place among major English and American works of poetry of that time. Much of the beauty of the poem lies in the sounds of the words and the effects created through changes in rhythm. The idea for the second poem, "The Indian Burying Ground, "was suggested by the fact that some Indian tribes buried their dead in a sitting, instead of a lying position. This poem, too, is marked by a regularity of rhythm and meter and by the use of "Reason" as an abstraction which is personified.

填空题· tells a very simple story but it contains many messages?

填空题 International free trade occurs when there are no barriers to trade. Countries can get a lot of benefits from free trade. {{U}}(31) {{/U}}, all countries choose to adopt protection policies to some extent In this essay, I will give{{U}} (32) {{/U}}of the arguments in favour of world free trade, describe the methods for the trade protection policies{{U}} (33) {{/U}}countries erect to protect domestic industries and give the arguments which can be put{{U}} (34) {{/U}}to justify protectionist policies. Tariffs are taxes on{{U}} (35) {{/U}}products. Sometimes, tariffs are known{{U}} (36) {{/U}}imports duties and customs duties. They can be used{{U}} (37) {{/U}}raise revenue. But, they are usually used to{{U}} (38) {{/U}}imports and also to help domestic producers. The effect of imposing{{U}} (39) {{/U}}tariff is to raise price for domestic consumers, and some consumers will switch consumption{{U}} (40) {{/U}}imported goods to domestically produced substitutes. {{U}}(41) {{/U}}are two types of tariffs. One is percentage taxes, it is based onpercentage of value of goods. {{U}}(42) {{/U}}one is specific (fixed sum taxes), it is based on a fixed tax {{U}}(43) {{/U}}unit or weight. Quota is a limit on the supply of goods or services. It can be imposed on exports. The domestic market share will increase because of{{U}} (44) {{/U}}a limit on the quantity of imported goods. However, the price of protected goods will also rise because a quota is to reduce supply. Voluntary export restraint or restriction {{U}}(45) {{/U}}similar to a quota, but this time the limit on imports arises from a voluntary agreement {{U}}(46) {{/U}}the exporting and importing countries. For example, the UK had an agreement with Japanese car{{U}} (47) {{/U}}that they should not take{{U}} (48) {{/U}}than 10 percent of the UK car market. Exchange control means that a government control on foreign currency controls importers access to foreign currency. This is a{{U}} (49) {{/U}}which was used by a number of European countries, {{U}}(50) {{/U}}the UK, in the 1960s and 1970s and is still found in some developing countries.

填空题 Read the following text and fill each of the numbered spaces with ONE suitable word. Write your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. For high-risk propositions yielding high returns, there is nothing to beat the handful companies marketing eternal life. {{U}}(31) {{/U}}the perceived rewards of being able to come hack to life{{U}} (32) {{/U}}some point, the risks are huge: Who would want to chance a repeat of disco or Victorian mores, let{{U}} (33) {{/U}}more meaningless millennium hype in 2999? There are{{U}} (34) {{/U}}, more immediate risks involved in the new business of cryonics, {{U}}(35) {{/U}}is the deep freezing at death of human bodies for preservation and possible revival in future. The biggest problem is that, {{U}}(36) {{/U}}now, it is impossible to freeze people and bring them back to life. On the other hand, if cryonics{{U}} (37) {{/U}}, you were already dead anyway. {{U}} (38) {{/U}}it comes from the same root, kryos, the Greek word for cold, cryonics is not to be{{U}} (39) {{/U}}with the mainstream sciences of cryogenics or cryobiology. These involve freezing of metals or of simple organisms. Metals get stronger{{U}} (40) {{/U}}deep freezing, while the freezing and thawing of cancerous tissues can be a good way{{U}} (41) {{/U}}kill it. {{U}} (42) {{/U}}cryonics seeks to do the opposite. The goal is to freeze a human head or an entire body{{U}} (43) {{/U}}the technology exists to do one of the following: graft a new body{{U}} (44) {{/U}}the head, clone a new person{{U}} (45) {{/U}}preserved DNA, or heal a sick body that has been preserved. If this sounds like science fiction, {{U}}(46) {{/U}}the moment it is. Anyone who has{{U}} (47) {{/U}}put beer in the freezer and then forgotten about it can grasp the problems facing cryonics enthusiasts today. Ice is less dense than water. {{U}}(48) {{/U}}as beer left to freeze will eventually cause its container to burst, {{U}}(49) {{/U}}the ice that forms adds extra pressure, {{U}}(50) {{/U}}frozen cells can risk being punctured when the liquid in them freezes.

填空题·has been well-known as a fishing center?

填空题Constantlyrevisingweatherforecastsbring______tomanypeople.

填空题"The more gadgets there are, the (31) things seem to get. " said Honore Ervin, co-author of The Etiquette Girls: Things You Need to Be Told. "Just because it's there (32) your disposal, doesn't mean you have to use it 24/7. " A recent (33) by market research company Synovate showed that 70 percent of 1,000 respondents (34) the poorest etiquette in cell phone users over other devices. The worst habit? Loud phone conversations in public places, or "cell yell, " (35) to 72 percent of the Americans polled. "People use (36) anywhere and everywhere, " Ervin said. "At the movies—turn (37) your cell phone. I don't want to pay $10 to be sitting next to some guy chitchatting to his girlfriend (38) his cell phone. " This rudeness has deteriorated public spaces, according to Lew Friedland, a communication professor (39) the University of Wisconsin-Madison. He (40) the lack of manners a kind of unconscious rudeness, (41) many people are not (42) of what they're doing or the others around them. "I think it's really noticeable in any plane, train or bus (43) you're subjected against your will (44) someone else's conversation, " he said. "You can listen to intimate details of their uncle's illness, problems with their lovers and (45) they're having for sinner. " "It (46) what was a public common space and starts to (47) it up into small private space. " A short time ago, if cell phone users (48) politely asked to talk quietly, they would (49) with chagrin, he said. "Now more and more people are essentially treating you like you don't understand that loud cell phone use is (50) in public. /

填空题 Not every President is a leader, but every time we elect a President we hope for one, especially in times of doubt and crisis. In easy times we are ambivalent -- the leader, after all, makes demands, challenges the status quo, shakes things up. Leadership is as much a question of timing as anything else. {{U}} {{U}} 1 {{/U}} {{/U}} And when he comes, he must offer a simple, eloquent message. Great leaders are almost always great simplifiers, who cut through argument, debate and doubt to offer a solution everybody can understand and remember. Churchill warned the British to expect "blood, toil, tears and sweat"; FDR told Americans that "the only thing we have to fear is fear itself"; Lenin promised the war-weary Russians peace, land and bread. Straightforward but potent messages. We have an image of what a leader ought to be. We even recognize the physical signs: Leaders may not necessarily be tall, but they must have bigger-than-life, commanding features--LBJ's nose and ear lobes, Ike's broad grin. A trademark also comes in handy: Lincoln's stovepipe hat, JFK's rocker. We expect our leaders to stand out a little, not to be like ordinary men. Half of President Ford's trouble lay in the fact that, if you closed your eyes for a moment, you couldn't remember his face, figure or clothes. A leader should have an unforgettable identity, instantly and permanently fixed in people's minds. It also helps for a leader to be able to do something most of us can' t: FDR overcame polio; Mao swam the Yangtze River at the age of 72. We don't want our leaders to be "just like us". We want them to be like us but better, special, more so. {{U}} {{U}} 2 {{/U}} {{/U}} Even television, which comes in for a lot of knocks as an image-builder that magnifies form over substance, doesn't altogether obscure the qualities of leadership we recognize, or their absence. Television exposed Nixon's insecurity, Humphrey's fatal infatuation with his own voice. A leader must know how to use power, but he also has to have a way of showing that he does. He has to be able to project firmness-- no physical clumsiness(like Ford., no rapid eye movements(like Carter). A Chinese philosopher once remarked that a leader must have the grace of a good dancer, and there is a great deal of wisdom to this. {{U}} {{U}} 3 {{/U}} {{/U}} He should be able, like Lincoln, FDR, Truman, Ike and JFK, to give a good, hearty, belly laugh, instead of the sickly grin that passes for good humor in Nixon or Carter. Ronald Reagan's training as an actor showed to good effect in the debate with Carter, when by his easy manner and apparent affability, he managed to convey the impression that in fact he was the President and Carter the challenger. If we know what we' re looking for, why is it so difficult to find? The answer lies in a very simple truth about leadership. People can only be led where they want to go. The leader follows, though a step ahead. {{U}} {{U}} 4 {{/U}} {{/U}} The British believed that they could still win the war after the defeats of 1940, and Churchill told them they were right. A leader rides the waves, moves with the tides, understands the deepest yearnings of his people. He cannot make a nation that wants peace at any price go to war, or stop a nation determined to fight from doing so. His purpose must match the national mood. His task is to focus the people's energies and desires, to define them in simple terms, to inspire, and make what people already want seem attainable, important, within their grasp. {{U}} {{U}} 5 {{/U}} {{/U}} Winston Churchill managed, by sheer rhetoric, to turn the British defeat and the evacuation of Dunkirk in 1940 into a major victory. FDR's words turned the sinking of the American fleet at Pearl Harbor into a national rallying cry instead of a humiliating national scandal. A leader must stir our blood, not appeal to our reason... A great leader must have a certain irrational quality, a stubborn refusal to face facts, infectious optimism, the ability to convince us that all is not lost even when we're afraid it is. Confucius suggested that, while the advisers of a great leader should be as cold as ice, the leader himself should have fire, a spark of divine madness. A. Yet if they are too different, we reject them. Adlai Stevenson was too cerebral. Nelson Rockefeller, too rich. B. The leader must appear on the scene at a moment when people are looking for leadership, as Churchill did in 1940, as Roosevelt did in 1933, as Lenin did in 1917. C. Americans wanted to climb out of the Depression and needed someone to tell them they could do it, and FDR did. D. Our strength makes him strong; our determination makes him determined; our courage makes him a hero. He is the symbol of the best in us. E. Above all, he must dignify our desires, convince us that we are taking part in the making of great history, give us a sense of glory about ourselves. F. A leader should know how to appear relaxed and confident. His walk should be firm and purposeful.