单选题{{B}}Text 1{{/B}} Ideas about education are changing in the United States. Education today is not just a high school diploma or a college degree. Many adults are not interested in going to college. They are interested in other kinds of learning. For them, learning does not end with a diploma. Continuing education gives these adults the opportunity to increase their knowledge about their own field or to learn about a new field. It also gives them a chance to improve their old skills or to learn new ones, Secretaries, mechanics, and barbers can take classes to improve their work skills. Nurses can take classes to increase their knowledge of nursing. If they know more or learn more, then they can get a better job or earn more money. Continuing education classes give some adults the chance to learn new skills. There is usually a large variety of classes to choose from, typing, foreign cooking, photography, auto repair, furniture repair, or swimming. These are only some of the classes available. Some adults take classes for fun or because the class will be useful for them. For example, they can choose a class in almost any language, Chinese, Spanish or English as a second language. There are classes in first aid or classes in sewing. There are also many other type of classes to choose from. Other adults take continuing education classes to improve their own lives because they want to feel better about themselves. Overweight people can find exercise classes. Others can learn how to be good parents, or how to get along with other people. There are many opportunities for adults to continue their learning. Almost any community college or public school system has a continuing education program. There are classes in schools, community buildings, or churches. Most classes are in the evening, so working people can attend. The classes are usually small, and they are inexpensive. Thousands of people register for continuing education classes each year. They receive no diploma or certificate, and no grade for most of the classes they attend. For them, learning is something they do because they want to.

单选题{{I}}Questions 11 to 13 are based on the following dialogue.{{/I}}

单选题Whatarethespeakersdoingastheconversationbegins?A.Lookingatsomephotographs.B.Sellingcameras.C.Teachingaphotographyclass.D.Repairingcameraequipment.

单选题Many years ago when the summers seemed longer and life was less complicated, we had rented a cottage 1 a river in the heart of the country 2 the whole family was going to 3 a three-week holiday. There were four of us: me, Mum and Dad, and Mum"s sister, Auntie June. Oh, and I mustn"t forget to 4 Spot, our little dog. I was 5 to go off by myself all day, 6 I promised to be careful and took Spot with me for 7 . One day I was out fishing with Spot when we heard a lot of shouting in the 8 followed by a scream and splash. I was a bit 9 so I called Spot and we both hid 10 a bush where we could see but not be 11 . After a few moments, a straw hat came drifting down the river, followed by an oar, a picnic basket and 12 oar. Then came the rowing boat itself, but it was 13 upside down! A few seconds later my dad and Auntie June came running 14 the river bank, both wet 15 . Spot started barking so I came out of hiding and said hello. My dad got really angry 16 me for not trying to catch the boat as it went past. Luckily, 17 , the boat and both the oars had been caught by an overhanging tree a little further downstream, but not the hat or picnic basket. So I had to let them 18 my sandwiches. Dad and Auntie June both made me 19 not to tell Mum what had happened 20 she would be worried.

单选题The phrase "called upon “in line 12 is closest in meaning to which of the following?

单选题We can learn from the fourth paragraph that

单选题HowoldisKatie?A.16.B.17.C.18.D.19.

单选题Do you find getting up in the morning so difficult that it's painful? This might be called laziness, but Dr. Kleitman has a new explanation. He has proved that everyone has a daily energy cycle. During the hours when you labour through your work you may say that you' re "hot". That' s true. The time of day when you feel most energetic is when your cycle of body temperature is at its peak. For some people the peak comes during the forenoon. For others it comes in the afternoon or evening. No one has discovered why this is so, but it leads to such familiar monologues as, "Get up, John] Yon' 11 be late for work again!" The possible explanation to the trouble is that John is at his temperature-and-energy peak in the evening. Much family quarrelling ends when husbands and wives realize what these energy cycles mean, and which cycle each member of the family has. You can' t change your energy cycle, but you can learn to make your life fit it better. Habit can help, Dr. Kleitman believes. Maybe you're sleepy in the evening but feel you must stay up late anyway. Counteract your cycle to some extent by habitually staying up later than you want to. If your energy is low in the morning but you have an important job to do early in the day, rise before your usual hour. This won' t change your cycle, but you' 11 get upstream and work better at your low point. Get off to a slow start which saves your energy. Get up with a leisurely yawn and stretch. Sit on the edge of the bed a minute before putting your feet on the floor. Avoid the troublesome search for clean clothes by laying them out the night before. Whenever possible, do routine work in the afternoon and save tasks requiring more energy or concentration for your sharper hours.

单选题Wheredoestheconversationmostprobablytakeplace?

单选题 Questions 22～25 are based on the following monologue.

单选题WhendopeopleusuallywearT-shirts?A.Whentheytakepartinsports.B.Whentheywatchafilm.C.Whentheygoshopping.D.Whentheyreadabook.

单选题Labor force is defined as being the total number of people who are available to work and earn income. This definition includes everyone who is employed or seeking paid employment, so it includes employees and the self-employed. Labor is one of the country’s resources which can be combined with other resources to produce the goods and services required by the community. 　　Though the size of the workforce relies greatly on the size of the total population, there are several other aspects which also affect it. The age distribution of the total population has a very marked effect on the available workforce. If the population has a high proportion of very young people or of those too old to work, then the available workforce would be lower than if there were an evenly spread age distribution. If the population grows rapidly from natural increase, i. e. the number of births greatly exceeds the number of deaths, then as a total population increases the proportion in the workforce declines. 　　Sometimes a population is described as aging, which means that the birth rate is either falling or growing very slowly ,and as people retire from the workforce there are unadequate numbers of young people entering it to take place of those who are leaving it. The population is top-heavy with older people. So the percentage of the population in the workforce declines when there is either a rapid in- crease in births or a falling birth rate. 　　The age distribution of the population has several important influences on the economy. If the population is aging and there is an increase in the number of people retiring without a corresponding increase in the number entering the work force, this raises the problem of the ability of the economy to provide a reasonable level of social services to the retired group. If the aged are to be cared for in special homes or hotels, finance must be available for that purpose. If the size of the workforce is small relative to the total population, then the government tax receipts are relatively low and either the government has less money available to it or the workforce members have to be taxed more heavily.

单选题 The principal technique in current use for teaching reading at the intermediate stage, a stage occurring between a beginning stage and an advanced stage, is that of graded readers. It is generally accepted that the achievement of fluency and that of a wider coverage of the language are desirable aims, and most teachers strive to obtain a large quantity of reading matter, often distinguishing between intensive and extensive reading. Two sources of difficulty exist: first, it is extremely difficult, in practice, for the teacher to meet the needs of each individual learner at the various different times that individuals actually become intermediate learners. Classwork presupposes that all learners progress from one stage to another at the same moment, which is not true. To try and get over this problem there is currently a wave of interest in individualization, that is, in providing within a common framework the opportunity for each individual learner to learn at least partly at his own rate; In reading, this is promoted by the provision of numbers of separate materials lots of small books ,or leaflets, or cards -- which become longer and more complex. (Reading kits are a case in point. ) This trend is certain to increase. The second difficulty is that the grading of reading materials has often proved inadequate ,in two senses: (a) by being self-defeating, so that "simplified" texts have frequently been "simplified" out of all sensible meaning; and (b) by the fact that many learners find vocabulary graded materials unappetizing: not that they can't learn from them, but that they won't. What is now being realized is that the grading of reading materials, and above all the choice of texts, must reflect not only characteristics of the language (vocabulary, grammar, etc. ) but also characteristics of the learner. What he is willing to read and what he is interested to read are products of his sex, age-group, level of education, degree of intellectuality, personal interests, etc. Reading materials are increasingly being designed to fit both the learner's level of proficiency in English and his reading interests. In doing so, they are providing the learner with the means of developing further command of the linguistic meanings of writing, enabling him to grasp informational and logical meaning, and perhaps starting him on the understanding of rhetorical and implicational meanings.

单选题You will hear 10 short dialogues. For each dialogue, there is one question and four possible answers. Choose the correct answer—A, B, C or D, and mark it in your test booklet. You will have 15 seconds to answer the question and you will hear each dialogue ONLY ONCE.

单选题One of the harmful effects of noise on human performance is that ______.