单选题The view over a valley of a ting village with thatched roof cottages around a church; a drive through a narrow village street lined with thatched cottages painted pink or white; the sight over the rolling hills of a pretty collection of thatched farm buildings—these are still common sights in parts of England. Most people will agree that the thatched roof is an essential part of the attraction of the English countryside. Thatching is in fact the oldest of all the building crafts practised on the British Isles(英伦诸岛). Although thatch has always been used for cottage and farm buildings, it was once used for castles and churches, too. Thatching is a solitary (独自的) craft, which often runs in families. The craft of thatching as it is practised today has changed very little since the Middle Ages. Over 800 full-time thatchers are employed in England and Wales today, maintaining and renewing the old roofs as well as thatching newer houses. Many property owners choose thatch not only for its beauty but because they know it will keep them cool in summer and warm in winter. In fact, if we look at developing countries, over half the world lives under thatch, but they all do it in different ways. People in developing countries are often reluctant to go back to traditional materials and would prefer modern buildings. However, they may lack the money to allow them to import the necessary materials. Their temporary mud huts with thatched roofs of wild grasses often only last six months. Thatch which has been done the British way lasts from twenty to sixty years, and is an effective defence against the heat.

单选题{{B}}Directions:{{/B}}{{I}} Read the following text. Choose the best word or phrase for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1.{{/I}} {{B}}Text{{/B}} What kinds of people often give drugs to their children? Where in the world do people drug be- fore going to work? The answers are simple—ordinary people, just about{{U}} {{U}} 1 {{/U}} {{/U}}. And the drug{{U}} {{U}} 2 {{/U}} {{/U}}question is caffeine. Scientists estimate that over 70% of the world's population takes caffeine daily.{{U}} {{U}} 3 {{/U}} {{/U}}drink it in tea and coffee. Children drink in tin Coca Cola and{{U}} {{U}} 4 {{/U}} {{/U}}soft drinks. It is also found in chocolate.{{U}} {{U}} 5 {{/U}} {{/U}}, most people in the most places at any time are under the{{U}} {{U}} 6 {{/U}} {{/U}}of the drug. There have been many scientific investigations{{U}} {{U}} 7 {{/U}} {{/U}}the exact effects of caffeine. Most people agree that it{{U}} {{U}} 8 {{/U}} {{/U}}the nervous system and helps the body make efficient use of energy. This is why many people{{U}} {{U}} 9 {{/U}} {{/U}}Asia drink tea with food and why westerners often end their meals{{U}} {{U}} 10 {{/U}} {{/U}}a cup of coffee. Because the effect of caffeine is so{{U}} {{U}} 11 {{/U}} {{/U}}, there have been{{U}} {{U}} 12 {{/U}} {{/U}}attempts to stop people using it. A U.S. religious group which{{U}} {{U}} 13 {{/U}} {{/U}}the use of caffeine is generally regarded as eccentric (反常的). But because nearly everybody takes it, the total effect of caffeine{{U}} {{U}} 14 {{/U}} {{/U}}people is huge. Caffeine is the drug that changed the world. Both tea and coffee were introduced to the West around 300 years ago. The effect of these new drinks was felt{{U}} {{U}} 15 {{/U}} {{/U}}in New York, coffee houses were{{U}} {{U}} 16 {{/U}} {{/U}}with people making plans,{{U}} {{U}} 17 {{/U}} {{/U}}business and doing deals. And the deals done in the coffee houses were partly responsible{{U}} {{U}} 18 {{/U}} {{/U}}a rapid increase in American trade. History was moving{{U}} {{U}} 19 {{/U}} {{/U}}that direction anyway. But the arrival of coffee{{U}} {{U}} 20 {{/U}} {{/U}}everything up.

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单选题{{I}} Questions 18-21 are based on the following conversation. You now have 20 seconds to read the questions 18-21.{{/I}}

单选题What's the woman's occupation?

单选题Whitney's is a restaurant and a gambling place. There is no restaurant or hotel in France, Italy, Germany, or Spain whose food can compare with Whitney's. At Whitney's there are no menus; you order what you wish from an endless variety of special foods. But on your first visit to Whitney's you often pay little attention to what you eat, for very soon, as the room begins to fill, you can hardly believe your eyes. At every table you soon recognize someone who is famous. After lunch this well-dressed group of persons goes down to the gambling room. By two o'clock the room is well filled, by three it is crowded, and it remains so until the early hours of the morning. I was deeply impressed, and I welcomed an opportunity to meet Mr. Whitney himself. I found him a man square of jaw, cold of eyes, his face rather unexpressive — much what I expected. He was not a very communicative person. He told me his once experience, though. "The other day a lady, who claimed herself Mrs. John Rossiter, came to my once." He said, "Before she said a word she began to cry; the tears came into her eyes and began to run down her cheeks, and she kept wiping them away with her handkerchief, trying all the way to control herself. I can't stand, but this rather impressed me." "Her husband had lost thirty thousand dollars in the gambling room, she told me. I have known John Rossiter well enough to say 'Hello,' but not much more than that. Mrs. Rossiter explained that the great problem of her life had been her husband's gambling. It was a long story, I don't remember the details, but I told her that I agreed to give her back the money which her husband had lost." As he spoke of this a light came into his eyes, and a faint smile appeared on his lips. "The next morning I met John Rossiter. I asked him not to come here after his wife told me about his troubles. But he said he was not married./

单选题Read the following text. Answer the questions on each text by choosing A, B, C or D. You have been at Furnell University for two weeks now. As usual, you need enough time to sleep and eat. You also want to spend time with your new friends and get some exercise. But, after the first two weeks of classes, you have probably concluded that there isn't enough time to do all these things, because you also have to attend classes, go to labs, do assignments and write papers. Soon you will be in a situation like this one:You are going to have a quiz in your ten o'clock class. You studied for it until 2 a.m. You also have an eight o'clock class. Should you sleep late and skip the eight o'clock class? To some extent the answer depends on the professor of the course. Some instructors announce that they require attendance. In that case you really should go to class. Some don't say anything. In that case you have to decide. Once in a while it is better to stay in bed and sleep than to get so tired that you cannot think. However, it is not a good idea to skip class more than a few times. If you have to skip a class, ask another student for the class notes, announcements and the assignments. Also, come to the next class prepared. If you miss a class because you are sick, tell the instructor afterward. He or she may let you make up the work. If you have an important appointment, tell the instructor about it before you miss the class. Here is another common problem. You took the quiz. Even after studying very hard, you could not answer all the questions. In high school you always got every answer right. What went wrong? Nothing. High school work is easy, so a good student is supposed to get a perfect score. In college the teacher wants to challenge even the best students. Therefore, almost nobody answers every question correctly. But maybe there were some very basic ideas in that course you did not understand. Go and see the teacher during his or her office hours. Most teachers will gladly explain things again. Of course, they will not be pleased to repeat what they said in class to someone who skipped the class. Maybe you really should get up for that eight o'clock class!

单选题WherewasMissBoycebroughtup?A.InAmerica．B.InFrance．C.InGermany．D.InItaly．

单选题According to the author, a husband usually wants all of the following EXCEPT ______.

单选题{{B}}Part A{{/B}} {{I}} You will hear 10 short dialogues. For each dialogue, there is one question and four possible answers. Choose the correct answer A. , B. , C. or D. , and mark it in your test booklet. You will have 15 seconds to answer the question and you will hear each dialogue ONLY ONCE.{{/I}}

单选题 {{I}} Questions 11 to 14 are based on the following dialogue between two friends.{{/I}}

单选题For years there have been endless articles stating that scientists are on the verge of achieving artificial intelligence, that it is just around the corner. The truth is that it may be just around the corner, but they haven't yet found the right clock. Artificial intelligence aims to build machines that can think. One immediate problem is to define thought, which is harder than you might think. The specialists in the field of artificial intelligence complain, with some justification, that anything that their machines do is dismissed as not being thought. For example, computers can now play very, very good chess. They can't beat the greatest players in the world, but they can beat just about anybody else. If a human being played chess at this level, he or she would certainly be considered smart. Why not a machine? The answer is that the machine doesn't do anything clever in playing chess. It uses its blinding speed to do a brute-force search of all possible moves for several moves ahead, evaluates the outcomes and picks the best. Humans don't play chess that way. They see patterns, which computers don't. This wooden approach to thought characterizes machine intelligence. Computers have no judgment, no flexibility, no common sense. So-called expert systems, one of the hottest areas in artificial intelligence, aim to mimic the reasoning processes of human experts in a limited field, such as medical diagnosis or weather forecasting. There may be limited commercial applications for this sort of thing, but there is no way to make a machine think about anything under the sun, which a teenager can do. The hallmark of artificial intelligence to date is that if a problem is severely restricted, a machine can achieve limited success. But when the problem is expanded to a realistic one, computers fall flat on their display screens. For example, machines can understand a few words spoken individually by a speaker that they have been trained to hear. They cannot understand continuous speech using an unlimited vocabulary spoken by just any speaker.

单选题Western-style conversations often develop quite differently from Japanese-style conversations. A Western-style conversation between two people is like a (26) of tennis. If I introduce a topic, a conversational ball, I expect you do (27) it back. If you agree with me, I don't expect you simply to agree and to (28) more. I expect you to add something to carry the idea further. (29) I don't expect you always to agree. I am just as (30) if you completely disagree with me. (31) you agree or disagree, your (32) will return the ball to me. And then it is my turn (33) . I don't serve a new ball from my (34) starting line. I hit your ball back again to you by (35) your idea further. And so the ball goes back and forth, (36) each of us doing our best to give it a new twist. A Japanese-style conversation, (37) , is not at all like tennis or volleyball. It's like bowling. You (38) for your turn. And you always know your (39) in line. It depends on such things as whether you are older or younger, a close friend or a relative stranger (40) the previous speaker, in a senior or junior position, and so on. When your turn comes, you (41) up to the starting line with your bowling ball, and (42) bowl it. Everyone else stands back and watches politely, whispering (43) . Everyone waits until the ball has reached the end of the alley, and watches to see if it (44) down all the pins, or only some of them, or none of them. There is a pause, while everyone registers your (45) .