单选题The Supreme Court"s decisions on physician-assisted suicide carry important implications for how medicine seeks to relieve dying patients of pain and suffering. Although it ruled that there is no constitutional right to physician-assisted suicide, the Court in effect supported the medical principle of "double effect,"a centuries-old moral principle holding that an actions has two effects— a good one that is intended and a harmful one that is foreseen— is permissible if the actor intends only the good effect. Doctors have used that principle in recent years to justify using high doses of morphine to control terminally ill patients pain, even though increasing dosages will eventually kill the patient. Nancy Dubler, director of Montefiore Medical Center, contends that the principle will shield doctors who" until now have very, very strongly insisted that they could not give patients sufficient mediation to control their pain if that might hasten death. " George Annas, chairman of the health law department at Boston University, maintains that, as long as a doctor prescribes a drug for a legitimate medical purpose, the doctor has done nothing illegal even if the patient uses the drug to hasten death. "It"s like surgery," he says. "We don"t call those deaths homicides because the doctors didn"t intend to kill their patients, although they risked their death. If you"re a physician, you can risk your patient"s suicide as long as you don"t intend their suicide. " On another level, many in the medical community acknowledge that the assisted-suicide debate has been fueled in part by the despair of patients for whom modern medicine has prolonged the physical agony of dying. Just three weeks before the Court"s ruling on physician-assisted suicide, the National Academy of Science (NAS) released a two-volume report, approaching death. Improving Care at the End of Life. It identifies the under treatment of pain and the aggressive use of" ineffectual and forced medical procedures that may prolong and even dishonor the period of dying" as the twin problems of end-of-life care. The profession is taking steps to require young doctors to train in hospitals, to test knowledge of aggressive pain management therapies, to develop a medicare billing code for hospital-based care, and to develop new standards for assessing and treating pain at the end of life. Annas says lawyers can play a key role in insisting that these well-meaning medical initiatives translates into better care. " Large numbers of physicians seem unconcerned with the pain their patients are needlessly and predictably suffering," to the extent that it constitudes "systematic patient abuse". He says medical licensing boards "must make it clear that painful deaths are presumptively ones that are incompetently managed and should result in license suspension".

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单选题"A cultural minority" could be described as ______.

单选题{{B}}Part A{{/B}} {{I}}You will hear 10 short dialogues. For each dialogue, there is one question and four possible answers. Choose the correct answer—A, B, C or D, and mark it in your test booklet. You will have 15 seconds to answer the question and you will hear each dialogue ONLY ONCE. Now look at Question 1.{{/I}}

单选题Where do the speakers work?

单选题 Questions 18～21 are based on the following dialogue between two friends.

单选题{{B}}Text 3{{/B}} Whenever I see anyone buying a National Lottery ticket I want to stop them and ask if they know just where their money is going. The lottery money is supposed to go to charity—but it makes me angry to see some of the socalled "good causes" it's being used to support. Also, Camelot, the organizers, have made a profit of ￡3 10.8 million in five months. We hear now that a lot of that money is boosting the pay packets of the company's bosses. For the past 10 years I've been helping to raise funds for a cancer research charity called Tenovus. My husband, Sandy, died from cancer 11 years ago—he was only 51. There's been a long line of deaths in our family through cancer and it's been devastating. I've also lost two sisters-in-law, my brother, Michael, my father-in-law and my father. That's apart from several close friends. The charity is 50 years old now and raises money mainly for breast cancer research. It also runs a support line for the families of cancer sufferers. Our local group raises money through dances, sales and coffee morning, and all the funds go directly to cancer research. In 1993 Tenovus raised 1￡3 million--and half that money came from sales of our own lottery tickets at supermarkets. But out income has dropped by half since the National Lottery was introduced. I'm not against people playing the National Lottery, but they should think about what they're doing. The chances of winning the jackpot are so small; they might as well throw their money away. The Government tells us that the proceeds are going to things like the arts and sports, but what about the National Health Service? They should give some cash to that, too. How can they justify spending ridiculous amounts of cash on so-called works of art—like displays of potatoes—or buying up Winston Churchill's papers at a cost of ￡12 million? So who really are the winners in the National Lottery? When I think of all that money people could be donating to cancer research, I could weep. It's time people realized bow charities across the country are suffering because of the National Lottery. It's disheartening and so infuriating.

单选题 Text Many years ago when the summers seemed longer and life was less complicated, we had rented a cottage (26) a river in the heart of the country (27) the whole family was going to (28) a three-week holiday. There were four of us: me, Mum and Dad, and Mum's sister, Auntie June. Oh, and I mustn't forget to (29) . Spot, our little dog. I was (30) to go off by myself all day, (31) I promised to be careful and took Spot with me for (32) . One day I was out fishing with Spot when we heard a lot of shouting in the (33) followed by a scream and splash. I was a bit (34) so I called Spot and we both hid (35) a bush where we could see but not be (36) . After a few moments, a straw hat came drifting down the river, followed by an oar, a picnic basket and (37) oar. Then came the rowing boat itself, but it was (38) upside down! A few seconds later my dad and Auntie June came running (39) the river bank, both wet (40) . Spot started barking so I came out of hiding and said hello. My dad got really angry (41) me for not trying to catch the boat as it went past. Luckily, (42) , the boat and both the oars had been caught by an overhanging tree a little further downstream, but not the hat or picnic basket. So I had to let them (43) my sandwiches. Dad and Auntie June both made me (44) not to tell Mum what had happened (45) she would be worried.

单选题How much does one pillow cost?

单选题Which of the following is one of the author's suggestions to consumers?

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