问答题Since multinationals first started scouring the earth for labor and markets, their interests have always gone beyond those of the nation-state in which they were headquartered. But what is going on today, on the flat earth, is such a difference of degree that it amounts to a difference in kind. Companies have never had more freedom and less friction, in the way of assigning research, low-end manufacturing, and high-end manufacturing anywhere in the world. What this will mean for the long-term relationship between companies and the country in which they are headquartered is simply unclear. The cold, hard truth is that management, shareholders, and investors are largely indifferent to where their profits come from or even where the employment is created. But they do want sustainable companies. Politicians, though, are compelled to stimulate the creation of jobs in a certain place. And residents—whether they are Americans, Europeans, or Indians—want to know that the good jobs are going to stay close at home. The world is getting increasingly flat with the introduction of Internet and other new technologies. This is what happens when you move from a vertical (command and control) world to a much more horizontal (connect and collaborate) flat world. Your boss can do his job and your job. He can give you instructions day or night. So you are never out. You are always in. Therefore, you are always on. Bosses, if they are inclined, can collaborate more directly with more of their staff than even before—no matter who they are or where they are in the hierarchy.

问答题When pastor Ken Baugh announced he'd be devoting eight consecutive Sundays to analyzing The Da Vinci Code in the run-up to its film release, he knew some members of his Southern California megachurch would be skeptical. But Baugh also knew that many of his congregants had read the book and that many more would see the movie. "Dan Brown did the church a favor," Baugh says. "He forced people who call themselves followers of Christ to investigate what that really means. " Baugh is hardly alone. Evangelical leaders have attempted to seize on Brown's success as an opportunity to reinforce the faith of believers and to win new souls. In the three years since the book's release, evangelical writers and thinkers have produced a flurry of books, study guides, and DVDs to counter Dan Brown's fiction. "This movie will be a major cultural phenomenon, so discussions about Jesus and the church will happen," says Robert Johnston, a professor of theology and culture at Fuller Theological Seminary. "The only question is whether the church will be a part of the conversation." Turnabout. To be sure, evangelical leaders have been critical of The Da Vinci Code. "This has all the evidence of something cooked up in the fires of hell," evangelical radio broadcaster James Dobson said on Focus on the Family. It's because the book and film pose such a threat, many evangelicals say, that it warrants a strong response. "We're making the best of a situation that is going to do a lot of damage," says Erwin Lutzer of Chicago's Moody Church and author of The Da Vinci Deception. "When you are faced with a dam that seems to be breaking, you can't prop it up by saying, 'We're going to stand against it.'" It's a remarkable turnabout from the outcry that greeted Martin Scorsese's The Last Temptation of Christ, in 1988, when Campus Crusade for Christ called for a boycott. Rather than boycott The Da Vinci Code, Campus Crusade has retained popular evangelical speaker Josh McDowell, author of The Da Vinci Code: A Quest for Answers, to challenge Brown's assertions. "I don't recommend people go to the movie, but 90 percent of them will," says McDwell. "The guy is a phenomenal writer, and I can't take that away from him." The reaction represents a shift within the evangelical community. "Five years ago, there might have been more of a backlash against this film," says Calvin College Prof. William Romanowski. "But movies like The Passion of the Christ changed attitudes.., evangelicals are now trying to penetrate the mainstream media." Sony Pictures, which is distributing The Da Vinci Code, has created an online forum for religious leaders to discuss the film, the davincidialogue, com. Sony may be betting that even critical comments will generate buzz, but evangelicals say they also stand to benefit. "The real history of Christianity ... is far more complex" than in The Da Vinci Code, writes the Christian Broadcasting Network's Gordon Robertson. "[It's] filled with enough flesh and blood to make it a better story than the one Dan Brown invented. " 4. What is pastor Ken Baugh's attitude towards the novel The Da Vinci Code? What does he mean by saying that "Dan Brown did the church a favor"? 5. Why did the author mention Martin Scorsese's The Last Temptation of Christ? What is the change in the evangelical community's reaction to The Da Vinci Code? 6. Paraphrase the two sentences from the passage: a) "The only question is whether the church will be a part of the conversation. "(para. 2) b) "The guy is a phenomenal writer, and I can't take that away from him. "(para. 4)

问答题我们将坚持社会主义市场经济的改革方向，进一步推动制度创新，不断深化改革，激发全社会的创造活力，增强经济社会发展的内在动力。我们将坚持对外开放的基本国策，建立更加开放的市场体系，在更大范围、更广领域、更高层次上参与国际经济技术合作和竞争。我们将坚持走新型工业化道路，着力调整经济结构和加快转变经济增长方式，提高经济增长的质量和效益，大力发展循环经济，建设资源节约型、环境友好型社会，走生产发展、生活富裕、生态良好的文明发展道路。我们相信，只要坚定不移地走符合中国国情的发展道路，我们就一定能够实现既定的奋斗目标，为维护世界和平、促进共同发展发挥更大的建设性作用。

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问答题新中国正在成长，建设新中国需要中国人悠久传统的智慧。我们的国家和许多其他成功的国家都面临物质的诱惑，重视个人和家庭责任的古老道德传统将使中国受益匪浅。在中国如今经济成功的背后，有着朝气蓬勃的人才。在不久的将来，这些人将在这个政府中发挥积极和全面的作用。这所大学不仅在培养专家，同时也在培育公民。这些公民不是国家事务的旁观者，而是未来建设的参与者。

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问答题孔子学院秉承孔子“和为贵”、“和而不同”的理念，推动中外文化的交流与融合，以建设一个持久和平、共同繁荣的和谐世界为宗旨。儒家“吾日三省吾身”等理念早已广为人知。在不久的将来，国际上汉语热潮将持续涌动。不可否认，汉语热的出现是我国综合国力不断增强的表现。改革开放以来，我国的国内生产总值以高于8%的平均增长率持续增长。孔子学院和汉语热的兴起印证了“国富民强，国强语盛”的说法。同时，作为创新知识、传播文化、传承文明的学术机构，大学理应在促进不同文化的交流与理解、维护世界和平与人类共同发展等方面承担起更大的责任。

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问答题Shadowed by peril as we are, you would think we'd get pretty good at distinguishing the risks likeliest to do us in from the ones that are statistical long shots. But you would be wrong. We agonize over avian flu, which to date has killed precisely no one in the U.S. , but have to be cajoled into getting vaccinated for the common flu, which contributes to the deaths of 36,000 Americans each year. We wring our hands over the mad cow pathogen that might be in our hamburger and worry far less about the cholesterol that contributes to the heart disease that kills 700,000 of us annually. We pride ourselves on being the only species that understands the concept of risk, yet we have a confounding habit of worrying about mere possibilities while ignoring probabilities, building barricades against perceived dangers while leaving ourselves exposed to real ones. At present, 20% of all adults still smoke; nearly 20% of drivers and more than 30% of backseat passengers don't use seat belts; two-thirds of us are overweight or obese. We dash across the street against the light and build our homes in hurricane-prone areas, and when they're demolished by a storm, we rebuild in the same spot. Sensible calculation of real-world risks is a multidimensional math problem that sometimes seems entirely beyond us. And while it may be true that it's something we'll never do exceptionally well, it's almost certainly something we can learn to do better.

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问答题 上海外语口译考试 上海外语口译考试，是顺应上海改革开放需要，经上海市政府主管部门批准的高层次继续教育项目，由上海市高校浦东继续教育中心组织开发和实施，上海外语口译考试委员会进行指导和监督。中心特聘来自上海名校的外语教授组成专家组，全面负责考试的命题、阅卷、口试等各项工作，以及全套培训教材的编撰和修订。 项目于1994年正式启动，次年举办了首次英语高级口译考试。自1995年以来已形成英语、日语两个语种，基础、中级、高级三个等级的考试。“上海外语口译”的商标SIA，业已在国家商标局注册。 上海外语口译项目始于上海，经过18年平稳发展，现已辐射至9个省15个大中城市，有22所高等院校参与合作。项目以其特有的培训和考试模式，激发起人们学习英语和口译的兴趣，吸引了越来越多的考生，尤其是在校大学生。考生人数逐年稳步增长，截至2011年年底，累计已超过100万。 上海外语口译考试每年举行两次，分为笔试和口试两个阶段，笔试安排在3月和9月，口试则在5月和11月。考生只有先通过笔试，才有资格参加口试。通过笔试和口试的考生可获得相应等级的证书。 英语高级口译笔试包括听力、阅读和翻译三大部分，含六个单元，考试时间为180分钟。口试包括口语和口译两个部分，时间为20分钟。英语中级口译笔试包括听力、阅读、英译汉和汉译英四部分，考试时间为150分钟。口试也包括口语和口译两个部分，时间约15分钟。 上海外语口译的实用性和专业性，以及获证人员所达到翻译水准，已使其成为社会上广泛认可、口碑良好的非学历继续教育项目，深受莘莘学子的青睐。项目还多次获得重要的科研成果奖、教材奖，赢得学界的普遍赞誉。

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问答题燕子去了，有再来的时候；杨柳枯了，有再青的时候；桃花谢了，有再开的时候。但是，聪明的你告诉我，我们的日子为什么一去不复返呢?——是有人偷了他们吧：那是谁?又藏在何处呢?是他们自己逃走了吧：现在又到了哪里呢? 在逃去如飞的日子里，在千门万户的世界里的我能做些什么呢?只有徘徊罢了，只有匆匆罢了；在八千多日的匆匆里，除徘徊外，又剩些什么呢?过去的日子如轻烟，被微风吹散了，如薄雾，被初阳蒸融了；我留着些什么痕迹呢?我何曾留着像游丝样的痕迹呢?我赤裸裸来到这世界，转眼间也将赤裸裸的回去罢?但不能平的，为什么偏要白白走这一遭啊? 你聪明的，告诉我，我们的日子为什么一去不复返呢?

问答题 At the end of "Spirited Away", Hayao Miyazaki's animated masterpiece, ten-year-old Chihiro uses her wits and her courage to escape from a nightmarish world of ogres and witches. Japan enjoyed a similar deliverance last week, when its central bank turned its back on an interest rate of zero for the first time in almost six years. The quarter-point increase marked an end to the rich world's longest economic stagnation since the Great Depression. Throughout this 15-year ordeal, Japan has struggled with the difficult issue of what to jettison and what to cling on to. On the face of it, it looks as though the nation has preserved much of what made it different: it has, for instance, held on to its preference for consensus and gradual change, to the dominance of the Liberal Democratic Party and to a business culture that shelters jobs. On closer examination, however, it becomes clear that the country has come a long way. The economic and human cost of the lost years was huge. Before the 1990 collapse of its property and stock-market bubbles, Japan was the envy—and the fear—of the West. But the combination of success and cheap capital that fuelled asset prices tempted companies into impetuous investment and ill-judged diversification. They were backed by reckless banks ready to lend to just about anyone with the right calling-card. Complacent and corrupt politicians failed to reform the system. Deflation and financial distress stifled growth. If Japan had grown at its trend rate throughout those years, its economy would now be a quarter bigger in real terms than it is. That was the price Japan paid for rejecting the "shock therapy" with which America, Sweden and indeed neighboring South Korea treated their own banking crises. Yet its failure to take radical action does not mean it has remained completely unchanged. Gradually and reluctantly, Japanese commerce has cleaned itself up. The banking regulator has at last forced the country's banks to acknowledge the shocking extent of their dud loans and is now more independent of its charges than it used to be. Companies have unwound most of the cross-shareholdings that sheltered them from the discipline of the capital markets. Though staff jobs in big companies are still for life, there are fewer of them now because flexible temporary employment has caught on, especially among women. This slow but steady reform is one reason why the economy looks healthier than it has done in a long time. In its latest survey of the Japanese economy this week, the OECD forecast growth of more than 2%. That's hardly stunning (and pales beside China's announcement this week that it grew at an annual rate of 11.3%, its fastest pace for a decade, in the second quarter of this year); but it's respectable and probably conservative. Yet the job is only half-finished, There is a series of urgent tasks for the country. Monetary policy is at the top of the list. Last time the central bank raised rates, in 2000, a disastrous recession ensued. This time the increase is justified, because the economy is fundamentally stronger; but the bank's inflation range of 0—2% is too wide for comfort in a country still shaking off deflation. It needs to be closer to 2 %. And there is much else to do. At more than 170% of GDP (less on a net basis) government debt is too high. Banks are still banned from dealing in securities, which makes them weaker than they otherwise would be. Foreigners are waiting for Japan to open the market for corporate control by honoring its promise that they will, in effect, be able to issue shares to finance a takeover. There is little competition, and therefore low productivity, in the service sector. Japan's recovery has been slower and more painful than it need have been; but failure to embrace radicalism in a recession is understandable. Now that the nightmare is over, it is time for the government to show some courage and for reform to pick up speed.

问答题The mechanism for facilitating the purchase and sale of goods，services，commodities， and securities abroad is known as the foreign exchange market．The actual purchase and sale of foreign exchange generally is accomplished through the international departments of large commercial banks． The demand for foreign exchange can be either transaction or speculative based. The transactions demand for foreign exchange comes from those who wish to make payment to a foreign country for the purchase of a good，a service，or a security purchased from a resident of，or a company located in a foreign country．A resident of the United States wishing to make a remittance to a relative in the United Kingdom would also affect the demand for sterling. The same would be true if the resident of one country wished to make a contribution to a charity located in another country．Speculative demand for a currency is generated by the confidence speculators have in that currency vis-à-vis other world currencies．This demand could be based on political and/ or economic factors，as demonstrated during the 1970s．For example，when the mark was strong and the sterling weak，speculators would sell sterling to buy marks． The supply of foreign exchange is provided by those who are willing to sell a currency they hold．This may include those who will receive payments in a foreign currency for the export of goods and services，the sale of securities to foreign residents，or the receipt of foreign exchange resulting from gifts or contributions made by foreign countries．International speculators arc also sources of supply when they feel the currency they hold is weak relative to other world currencies．