问答题Third-generation corn farmer Paul Siegel says working the land will always be his true love. "There's nothing like planting a seed, nurturing it and harvesting it," says the owner of Siegel's Cottonwood Farms in Crest Hill, Ill , near Chicago. ]gut Siegel admits that it is his annual Pumpkin Fest that keeps his farm afloat. Started in 1990, with a pumpkin patch and hayrides, Siegel's fall festival has mushroomed into a full-fledged theme park complete with haunted barns, a petting zoo, a 10-acre corn maze and snacks Such as smoked turkey legs, kettle corn and funnel cake. The festival attracts more than 30,000 visitors each fall and brings in three times the revenue of Siegel's 400 acres of corn, soybean and grain crops. "I still get to plant in the spring and harvest in the fall," says Siegel, "but I have four kids to feed and send to college. We have to make it." For Gia Wilson, 31, who visited the farm with her husband and kids, ages 2 and 5, on a recent Sunday, Cottonwood Farms is just good, old-fashioned fun. "The idea of being outdoors, the animals, the nature—except. for reading about it in storybooks or seeing pictures, this isn't something the kids would get to experience," she says. Such enthusiasm has helped thousands of farmers like Siegel to thrive in the growing business of agricultural tourism. At a time when profit margins for crops have been slashed razor thin by rising costs, "you have to consider agritainment," says Kay Hollabaugh, president of the North American Farmers Direct Marketing Association. An estimated 62 million people visited farms in 2001, the latest figures available. Annual agritourism revenues range from $20 million in Vermont to $ 200 million in New York. In Hawaii, revenues rose 30%, to $34 million, from 2000 to 2003. Although there are a few Christmas attractions, such as reindeer and sleigh rides on tree farms, the weeks leading up to Halloween and Thanksgiving are the peak season for agritourism, especially in the Midwest, where the phenomenon is booming. Young's Jersey Dairy in Yellow Springs, Ohio, attracts more than 1.4 million visitors a year to its dairy farm, which also offers baseball batting cages, a miniature-golf course and homemade ice cream. Eckert's Country Farm ＆ Stores, near St. Louis, Mo. brings in $10 million annually, about 80% of the farm's revenues, from its restaurants, bakery and gift shop, according to family member and agritourism consultant Jane Eckert. To help notoriously private farmers make the transition to the entertainment business, several states have established agritourism offices. This year Pennsylvania created a $150 million fund to provide low-interest loans and grants to farmers hoping to go into agritainment. The state also launched a guide for tourists at blueribbon passport, com. In North Carolina this past summer, with the help of the state agritourism office, Pam Griffin turned a former tobacco field in Fuquay-Varina, 15 miles southwest of Raleigh, into a corn maze shaped like NASCAR driver Scott Riggs' car. Griffin and her husband John had never grown corn before, but she decided to learn because she did not want the land that John's family has owned for five generations to lie fallow. "We don't want to grow houses. We want to grow crops," says Griffin, who says she spent around $ 30,000 on the maze, which had drawn about 2,000 visitors by mid-October. Griffin did have some setbacks, including an earworm infestation that required spraying. And even though she hasn't yet turned a profit, she hopes to next year. "People will pay to be entertained," she says. While most tourists visit farms for a taste of country life, often the experience is not entirely authentic. Bates Nut Farm in Valley Center, Calif., which gets more than 10,000 visitors on weekends in October, doesn't actually grow any nut trees but sells more than a dozen varieties of nuts that it buys from around the world. The farm does grow 15 acres of "Big Mac" pumpkins weighing 50 lbs. or more, but owner Tom Ness admits that 60% of the pumpkins he sells are shipped in from other growers. "It kind of bums me out that they didn't grow all their won pumpkins," says Georgia Zarifes, 39, who showed up with friends for the homemade fudge, gifts and jam. "But it's not going to stop me from coming." Now that's agritainment.

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问答题Directions: In this part of the test, you will hear 2 passages in English. You will hear the passages ONLY ONCE. After you have heard each passage, translate it into Chinese and write your version in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET. You may take notes while you are listening.

问答题 Questions 4～6 Fifteen percent of US teenagers aged 12 to 17 who own mobile phones have received nude or nearly nude images of someone they know, according to a survey released on Tuesday. Only four percent of mobile phone-owning teens in that age group have sent sexually suggestive pictures of themselves, a practice known as "sexting," according to the Pew Research Center's Internet American Life Project. The Pew survey found that girls and boys were equally as likely to have sent a suggestive picture to another person and older teenagers were more likely to have engaged in "sexting." Eight percent of 17-year-olds with mobile phones have sent a sexually provocative image by text and 30 percent have received a nude or nearly nude image on their phone. Only four percent of 12-year-olds have sent suggestive images of themselves. Amanda Lenhart, a senior research specialist at Pew and the author of the report, said sexually suggestive images have become a form of "relationship currency" for teens. "These images are shared as a part of or instead of sexual activity, or as a way of starting or maintaining a relationship with a significant other," she said. "And they are also passed along to friends for their entertainment value, as a joke or for fun." "The desire for risk-taking and sexual exploration during the teenage years combined with a constant connection via mobile devices creates a 'perfect storm' for sexting," said Lenhart. "Teenagers have always grappled with issues around sex and relationships, but their coming-of-age mistakes and transgressions have never been so easily transmitted and archived for others to see," she added. The survey found that teens with unlimited text messaging plans were more likely to receive "sexts" containing images of people they know. About 75 percent of mobile phone owning teens have unlimited plans. Among this group, Pew said 18 percent reporting receiving "sexts" compared with eight percent of teens on limited data plans and three percent of teens who pay per message. According to Pew, 58 percent of 12-year-olds own a mobile phone and 83 percent teens aged 17 do. Pew noted that a number of US states are grappling with how to deal with "sexting" among minors and some legislatures have stepped in to consider laws that would downgrade charges from felonies to misdemeanors. Pew conducted telephone interviews with 800 teens aged 12 to 17 and their parents between June 26 and September 24.

问答题Questions 7～10 When the automated player-piano was invented in the mid-19th century, companies that sold sheet music groused. When commercial radio took off, musicians bellyached that it would destroy them. So too, with the introduction of gramophones and tape recorders, did established businesses of the day try to block the inventions to protect their commercial interests. In each case, public interest defeated the private, and the technologies flourished (often, ironically, to the benefit of the party that originally objected). For instance, movie studios tried to outlaw Sony"s Betamax because it could be used to infringe film copyright. In 1984, America"s Supreme Court ruled the devices legal because they were "capable of substantial non-infringing uses." Today, the home-video market is almost three times larger than Hollywood box-office receipts. On March 29th, the Supreme Court heard oral arguments regarding peer-to-peer (P2P) file-sharing software. This lets internet users obtain files of, say, music or video quickly and inexpensively by cleverly sharing the content among many users. In over 90% of the cases, the files downloaded infringe copyrights. Some 28 entertainment companies have joined together against two P2P software makers, StreamCast Networks and Grokster, claiming that they are accountable for "secondary liability" of copyright infringement because they knowingly turn a blind eye to the illegal activities of users. The entertainment industry is arguing that business models predicated on the theft of intellectual property should be declared illegal. Technology firms counter that to restrict companies according to how their technology is used by customers would hand media firms a veto power over technical innovation any time it seems to threaten their interests. The Supreme Court will have to reexamine its 1984 Betamax decision in light of the internet and digital devices from the PC to the iPod and digital video recorders. One lower court has found that P2P software makers are not liable, because the product is capable of legal uses. But another court interpreted the 1984 ruling differently, finding against P2P by highlighting the ruling"s indication that there should be "commercially significant" non-infringing uses for "legitimate" purposes. Recording companies complain that the decline in music sales in the past few years (save for a small uptick in 2004) is due largely to illegal file-sharing. Millions of people use P2P systems, downloading 2.6 billion songs a month and 400,000 films a day, accounting for over half of all internet traffic by some measures. Faced with the inability to get courts to shut down P2P networks, the industry has sued thousands of alleged pirates worldwide, and backed legislation that would ban technologies that "induce" infringement. A ruling against the P2P systems would slow, but would probably be too narrowly specific to end, the growth of firms exploiting the technology. A win for the media firms would help them negotiate agreements with the cottage industry of firms aiming to get into online music distribution. The entertainment industry would probably refocus its legal battles on targeting internet service providers. But the cost of this could be huge. It could dramatically set back the adoption of the many beneficial uses of P2P, from legitimate content distribution—such as individuals sharing their family photos or their home-recorded music online—to grid-computing. Theft of intellectual property is wrong, of course. But technologies exist that can prevent it—and even let media firms harness the internet to make money, as in the previous battles between content owners and new technologies. The Supreme Court should retain the Betamax principle. It is not the role of law to block innovation.

问答题So many of the productions currently to be seen on the London stage are concerned with the more violent aspects of life that it is surprising to meet a play about ordinary people caught up in ordinary events. Thomas Sackville"s the Visitor is just such a play—at least, on the surface. It seems to stand well outside the mainstream of recent British drama. In fact the surface is so bland that attention is constantly focused on the care with which the play has been put together, and the clarity with which its argument develops; it seems natural to discuss it in terms of the notion of "the well-wrought play". The story is about an unremarkable family evening in middle-class suburbia. The husband and wife have invited a friend to dinner. The friend turns up in due course and they talk about their respective lives and interests. During this conversation, in which the author shows a remarkable talent for writing dialogue which is entertaining and witty without being so sparkling as to draw too much attention to itself; the characters are carefully fleshed out and provided with a set of credible—if unremarkable—motives. Through innumerable delicate touches in the writing they emerge: pleasant, humorous, ordinary, and ineffectual. And if they are never made vibrantly alive in terms of the real world, one feels that this is deliberate; that the author is content to give them a theatrical existence of their own, and leave it at that.

问答题Many animals and plants threatened with extinction could be saved if scientists spent more time talking with the native people whose knowledge of local species is dying out as fast as their languages are being lost. Potentially vital information about many endangered species is locked in the vocabulary and expressions of local people, yet biologists are failing to tap into this huge source of knowledge before it is lost for good, scientists said. "It seems logical that the biologists should go and talk to the indigenous people who know more about the local environment than anyone else," said David Harrison, an assistant professor of linguistics at Swarthmore College in Pennsylvania. "Most of what humans know about ecosystems and species is not found in databases or libraries or written down anywhere. It"s in people"s heads. It"s in purely oral traditions," Dr. Harrison told the American Association for the Advancement of Science in San Francisco. "About 80 percent of the animals and plants visible to the naked eye have not yet been classified by science. It doesn"t mean they are unknown; it just means we have a knowledge gap." An estimated 7,000 languages are spoken in the world but more than half of them are dying out so fast that they will be lost completely by the end of the century as children learn more common languages, such as English or Spanish. He cited the example of a South American skipper butterfly, Astraptes fulgerator, which scientists thought was just one species until a DNA study three years ago revealed that it was in fact 10 different species whose camouflaged colouration made the adult forms appear "identical to one another". Yet if the scientists had spoken to the Tzeltal-speaking people of Mexico—descendants of the Maya—they might have learnt this information much sooner because Tzeltal has several descriptions of the butterflies based on the different kinds of caterpillar. "These people live on the territory of that butterfly habitat and in fact care very little about the adult butterfly but they have a very-fine grained classification for the larvae because the caterpillars affect their crops and their agriculture," Dr. Harrison said. "It"s crucial for them to know which larva is eating which crop and at what time of year. Their survival literally depends on knowing that, whereas the adult butterfly has no impact on their crops," he said. "There was a knowledge gap on both sides and if they had been talking to each other they might have figured out sooner that they were dealing with a species complex," he said. "Indigenous people often have classification systems that are often more fine-grained and more precise than what Western science knows about species and their territories." Another example of local knowledge was shown by the Musqueam people of British Columbia in Canada, who have fished the local rivers for generations and describe the trout and the salmon as belonging to the same group. In 2003 they were vindicated when a genetic study revealed that the "trout" did in fact belong to the same group as Pacific salmon, Dr. Harrison said. "It seems obvious that knowing more about species and ecosystems would put us in a better position to sustain those species and ecosystems," he said. "That"s my argument that the knowledge gap is vastly to the detriment of Western science. We know much less than we think we do."

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问答题说起上海老城，总会让人和古老传统的东西联系起来，譬如明代的豫园和清代的城隍庙。上海 建城有700多年历史，但最具人文发展历史的时期是开埠后的150年间，诸如华洋杂居、石库门、老 字号等等，都发生在开埠后的上海。 流传于老城内外的民间文化丰富多彩。著名的“上海老城人物风情画卷”生动地描绘了上海老 城市民的生活百态。上海老城是历史文明与现代文明的兼容并蓄，无论上海城市发展如何日新月 异，她仍将记录着上海城市发展的历史华章。

问答题弘扬中华文化，建设中华民族共有精神家园。中华文化是中华民族生生不息、团结奋进的不竭动力。要全面认识祖国传统文化，取其精华，去其糟粕，使之与当代社会相适应、与现代文明相协调，保持民族性，体现时代性。加强中华优秀文化传统教育，运用现代科技手段开发利用民族文化丰厚资源。加强对各民族文化的挖掘和保护，重视文物和非物质文化遗产保护，做好文化典籍整理工作。加强对外文化交流，吸收各国优秀文明成果，增强中华文化国际影响力。

问答题 Concerns about the effects of television on children are a recurrent theme of public debate. Yet it is an area in which children's voices are rarely heard. Too often parental and governmental anxiety has focused on the impact screen violence may have on young viewer's behavior with little attention paid to children's own emotional responses to the moving image. David Buckingham, a lecturer in media studies at the University of London's Institute of Education, believes a more useful approach to understanding the role of television in children's lives is to ask children about their own responses to horror films, "weepies", soap operas and news bulletins and to discuss with them how they make sense of what they see. Mr. Buckingham, a father of two boys aged five and nine, also believes it is important to understand how parents help or hinder their children's understanding of television. In an attempt to throw new light on the issue, Mr. Buckingham interviewed 72 children aged six to 15 about their television viewing. The result is a refreshing book, Moving Images: Understanding Children's Emotional Responses to Television, which is recommended reading for all media policymakers. The children displayed a sophisticated understanding of many of the conventions of television. Even the very youngest subjects knew that families in The Cosby Show or Roseanne are not "real" and were bale to recognize that programs obeyed certain rules whereby things are played for laughs or conflicts are easily resolved. Yet their interpretation of how realistic such programs are also depended on how they compared with their own family lives. "A key factor to emerge was the way they reacted differently to fact and fiction," Mr. Buckingham says. So much of the debate about television, particularly about the possible imitative effects of screen violence, focuses on fiction, such as horror films and thrillers. Mr. Buckingham discovered, however, that news and documentaries often produced more profound reactions. As part of the study he interviewed children who had seen Child's Play 3, the "video nasty" which some newspapers speculated may have influenced the child killers of James Bugler in 1993. Many of the children who had watched the 18-rated film appeared to be seasoned horror film viewers who found it "scary" in parts but also enjoyable. Much of their pleasure appeared to come from its joking attitude to death. The children's reaction to the media coverage of the Bugler case was quite different. Many said the press and television reports of the case had upset them a great deal; a number said they had cried or had been unable to sleep. In contrast to their view of Child's Play, the children repeatedly related the events to their own experience. Many argued, nevertheless, that it was important for the Bugler coverage to be shown, not least as a warning. Mr. Buckingham believes these responses raise important issues that media commentators have virtually ignored. If there are questions to be asked about screen violence, perhaps the starting point should be to what extent does news coverage enable children to understand what they are seeing. "Often we see decontextualised images of suffering in the news and it is questionable how far children can understand what they are seeing," he says. One way of helping children to interpret what they see on television would be to integrate it into their education. "Media studies could be part of English lessons. English is the subject in schools that is most concerned with culture, but to narrow culture down to books is unrealistic. To pretend that television is not part of our culture is not to equip kids to deal with the modem world," he says. Parents also need education, he adds. Schools encourage parents to help their children to read at home, Mr. Buckingham says, and they should take similar steps to get parents to take part in their children's television viewing. "It is accepted that parents will sit down and read books with their children, not just to help them to read, but to talk to them about the stories and about life in general. Similar things could be achieved with television, if only it was given the same status. " "There is a lot of cultural snobbery about television. Too often it is treated as a reward, a way of keeping kids quiet or as a focus of family battles over what programs children should be allowed to watch," Mr. Buckingham says. A more positive approach to television, might pay off. "The therapeutic and cathartic experiences of television gained through the vicarious experiences of watching somebody else's life, for example, might be more effective if children didn't just watch it but also talk about it with their parents," he says. Regulatory or censorship bodies, such as the Broadcasting Standards Council and the British Board of Film Classification, could take a lead by producing source material. The explosion of multi-channel television of new information technology such as video-on-demand and the Internet, will render the current system of censorship through broadcasting regulation and film and video classification totally unworkable. Eventually there will simply be too much material hitting our screens for the regulators to monitor effectively. Improving parents' and children's ability to interpret what they see and to cope with their own emotions about it, will help to empower them to make informed decisions about television on their own behalf. Ultimately, it could be our best hope of enjoying, and retaining some control over, the multi-channel future.

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问答题说起上海老城，总会让人和古老传统的东西联系起来，譬如明代的豫园和清代的城隍庙。上海 建城有700多年历史，但最具人文发展历史的时期是开埠后的150年间，诸如华洋杂居、石库门、老 字号等等，都发生在开埠后的上海。 流传于老城内外的民间文化丰富多彩。著名的“上海老城人物风情画卷”生动地描绘了上海老 城市民的生活百态。上海老城是历史文明与现代文明的兼容并蓄，无论上海城市发展如何日新月 异，她仍将记录着上海城市发展的历史华章。

问答题Back in 1972, $1 million was still an eye-popping amount of cash. But to Robert Hecht, an enterprising American antiquities dealer living in Paris, it was not too much to charge the Metropolitan Museum of Art for an exquisite Greek vase created 500 years before the birth of Christ and painted by one of the acknowledged masters of the craft. Since the acquisition of the Greek vase, the prices of antiquities have shot skyward. The problem with the burgeoning traffic in antiquities, however, is not so much the price but something far more significant: the provenance, i.e. where are these precious artifacts coming from? And who are their rightful owners? Evidence is increasing that more and more artifacts are being illegally unearthed from their countries of origin. A recent British study of five large collections totaling 546 objects, for instance, determined that 82 percent of the objects were suspect. From Italy to Greece to Turkey, countries have long complained about the trade in smuggled artifacts and have been largely unable to stop it.

问答题“君子和而不同，小人同而不和。”如果我们把“和而不同”用作处理不同文化之间关系的原则，它对于解决不同国家与民族之间的纷争将起到非常积极的作用。不同文明之间应学会共存，而不应因文化上的不同而走向冲突以至战争。 　　中国传统文化的最高理想是“万物并育而不相害，道并行而不相悖”。“万物并育”和“道并行”是“不同”;“不相害”、“不相悖”则是“和”。这种思想为多元文化共处提供了取之不尽的思想源泉。 　　要了解各种文明的真谛，必须秉持平等、谦虚的态度。居高临下对待一种文明，不仅不能参透这种文明的奥妙，而且会与之格格不入。历史和现实都表明，傲慢和偏见是文明交流互鉴的最大障碍。

问答题According to legend, King Canute of Denmark facetiously tried to stop the rising tide by simply raising his hand and commanding the waters to roll back. The tide, of course, kept rising. Yet policymakers throughout history have followed Canute's lead. From Hillary Clinton and John Edwards to Mitt Romney and Arnold Schwarzenegger, politicians across the spectrum have tried or vowed to solve America's health-care woes by enacting an individual mandate—a law requiring every adult to purchase health insurance. Despite its bipartisan support, the individual mandate is bad policy, a vain attempt to command a better result while doing nothing to achieve it. Individual mandate supporters typically justify the policy by citing the problem of uncompensated care. When uninsured patients receive health services but don't pay for them, the rest of us end up footing the bill one way or another. So advocates of insurance mandates contend, plausibly enough, that we should make the free riders pay. But how big is the free-rider problem, really? According to an Urban Institute study released in 2003, uncompensated care for the uninsured constitutes less than 3% of all health expenditures. Even if the individual mandate works exactly as planned, that's the effective upper boundary on the mandate's impact. Of course, it will not work exactly as planned. As anyone who has ever driven above 55 mph knows, mandating something is not the same as making it happen. Some people will not comply: 47 states require drivers to buy liability auto insurance, yet the median percentage of uninsured drivers in those states is 12%. Granted, that number might be even higher without the mandates. The point, however, is that any amount of noncompliance reduces the efficacy of the mandate. None of this means the uninsured are not a problem. Yet the true issue isn't that they cost the rest of us too much. It's that they simply get less care than most people (one reason uncompensated care is such a small fraction of health-care spending). And if the real concern is making health insurance and health care available to those in need, we should focus on reducing health-care prices and insurance premiums. The individual mandate is, at best, a distraction from that goal. Some proposals couple mandates with subsidies for the purchase of private insurance. As far as policies to encourage more private coverage go, you could do worse. But as long as the public has to subsidize the formerly uninsured, the problem with free riders has not been solved. We're just paying for them in a different way. To enact any mandate, legislators and bureaucrats must specify a minimum benefits package that an insurance policy must cover. Yet this package can't be defined in an apolitical way. Each medical specialty, from tumor treatment to acupuncture, will push for its services to be included. Ditto other interest groups. In government, bloat is the rule, not the exception. Even now, every state has a list of benefits that any health-insurance policy must cover—from contraception to psychotherapy to hair transplants. All states together have created nearly 1,900 mandated benefits. Of course, more generous benefits make insurance more expensive. A 2007 study estimates existing mandates boost premiums by more than 20%. If interest groups have found it worthwhile to lobby 50 state legislatures for laws affecting only voluntarily purchased insurance policies, they will surely redouble their efforts to affect the contents of a federally mandated insurance plan. Consequently, even more people will find themselves unable to afford insurance. Others will buy insurance, but only via public subsidies. Isn't that just what the doctor didn't order? A better approach to health reform would focus on removing mandates that drive up insurance premiums. States ought to repeal some or all of their mandated benefit laws, allowing firms to offer lower-priced catastrophic care policies to their customers. The federal government could assist by guaranteeing customers the right to buy insurance offered in any state, not just their own, enabling patients to patronize companies in states with fewer costly mandates. Indeed, removing mandates would do far more to expand health-care coverage than adding new mandates ever could.

问答题 豫园 位于上海老城厢的豫园是著名的古典园林，距今已有400多年历史。花园设计独特，具有明清两代南方建筑艺术的风格。园内共有40余景，均有回廊曲径可通，亭台楼阁、假山池塘布局精致，有“小中见大”之特色，在有限的空间中创造出无限的意境，完美地展示了宏伟秀丽的景色。 豫园的原主人潘允端曾是明代的一位大官。豫园始建于1559年，但由于资金短缺，时建时停，二十年后才建成。后来，潘家败落，豫园以低价出售，几经易手后与城隍庙合并，成为其“西花园”。1853年，反对清朝政府统治的上海小刀会起义军曾在豫园的“点春堂”设立城北指挥部。现在堂内陈列着当年小刀会的兵器、文告、自铸钱币等文物。 豫园自16世纪后，曾几经变迁，屡遭摧残，至20世纪40年代末，园内景物荒芜殆尽。从1956年开始，在人民政府的关怀下，豫园经过为期五年的修缮，重现其昔日光彩，于1961年正式对公众开放。1982年被列为国务院重点保护单位，是我国南方最优秀的园林之一。现在，每天至少有一万人来此游览。难怪人们说：“到上海不去豫园不算来过大上海。” 豫园前面，有一漂亮的莲花池，池上有九曲桥，桥中央有湖心亭。湖心亭重建于1784年，后改为茶楼。这个上海著名的茶楼深受老年人喜爱，他们喜欢在这里喝茶聊天。 茶楼下面的九曲桥，供游人在桥上欣赏两边的景色，每次转折，都会看到不同的景致。每逢阴历正月十五元宵节，这里都会举行游园活动，人来人往，熙熙攘攘，一派热闹非凡的景象。

问答题你生而有自己的特殊天赋。你的特长可能是唱歌，写作，教书，绘画，劝导，布道，辩护或交友。你总有些特殊之处可以贡献给这个世界，有些事你可以做得比另外一万个人做得都好。你必须不断学习和尝试新的事物从而发现自己的特殊才能。世界需要你贡献才智。要明白即使是特殊才能如果不经常使用和锻炼也会失效。因此要尽力使自己的天赋与所有的技能跟上时代。 任何优势如果不用的话也就不称其为优势了。找到办法运用你的优势来确定并实现你的目标。同样，你应该意识到自己的不足之处并尽力将其不利影响限制在最低程度。切记并不是所有的优势都能够相互转换：你在某一方面有天赋并不意味着你在自己所尝试的一切事情上都有天赋。一个成功的房地产投资商很可能因为开餐馆而亏本。因此要固守自己的优势，在没有理性的判断之前不要轻易离开自己擅长的领域。