问答题 To date, the bulk of the public debate about copyright and new technology has focused on an issue that I consider to be secondary, the issue of how new technology alters the balance of power between consumers and a relatively narrow group of producers, primarily the producers of certain types of music and film. By focusing so narrowly on that issue, and framing that issue as being about "kids' stealing music", we run the risk of overlooking how bad copyright laws are increasingly affecting a much more important group of cultural producers. I am the founder of Wikipedia, a charitable effort to organize thousands of volunteers to write a high-quality encyclopedia in every language of the world. We the Wikipedians have achieved remarkable success in our five-year history, and we've done it as volunteers freely sharing our knowledge. And yet, strangely enough, in addition to researching facts on hundreds of thousands of topics, we are forced to become copyright experts, because so much of our cultural heritage is being threatened by absurd limits on fair use of information in the public domain. ! get two to three threatening lawyergrams each week; one I just received from a famous London museum begins, typically, "We notice you have a number of images on your website which are of portraits in the collection of [our museum] ... Unauthorized reproduction of such content may be an infringement ..." I now respond with a two-part letter. First, I patiently and tediously explain that museums do not and cannot own the copyrights to paintings that have been in the public domain for hundreds of years. And then I simply say. "You should be ashamed of yourselves." Museums exist to educate the public about our shared cultural heritage. The abuse of copyright to corner that heritage is a moral crime. The excuse normally given, that producing digital reproductions is costly and time-consuming, and museums need to be able to recoup that cost, is entirely bogus. Just give us permission, and Wikipedians will go to any museum in the world immediately to make high-quality digital images of any artwork. The solution to preserving our heritage and communicating it in a digital form is not to lock it up, but to get out of our way. This issue, public-domain artworks, is about an abuse of existing law. But the law itself is also a problem. Copyrights have been repeatedly extended to absurd lengths for all kinds of works, whether the author aims to protect them or not. Even works that have no economic value are locked away under copyright, preventing Wikipedians from rewriting and updating them. Every school system in the world faces the problem of expensive texts. Wikipedia shows a way to a solution, and we have founded a supporting project called Wikibooks to implement that solution. Here, thousands of volunteers are working to write textbooks. If we still lived in an era of reasonable copyright lengths (14 to 28 years, with registration), it would be no problem for us to seek out works of lapsed copyright, abandoned by their owners, and update them quickly. We could cut the costs of textbooks in schools radically, not just in the United States and other wealthy countries, but in the developing world as well. And finally, the example set by Wikipedia and Wikibooks is beginning to spread, in an explosion of creativity. Another of my projects, the for-profit Wikicities, allows communities to form and build knowledge bases or other works on any topic of interest. Again, thousands of people are working to write the definitive guides to humor, films, books, etc., and they are doing this work voluntarily and placing it all under free licenses as a gift to the world. And, of course, here we have again all the same problems of abusive application of copyright law as at Wikipedia and Wikibooks. We obey the law; we are not about civil disobedience. We want only to be good, to do good and to share knowledge in a million different ways. We have the people to do it. We have the technology to do it. And we will do it, bad law or no. But good law, law that recognizes a new paradigm of collaborative creativity, will make our job a lot easier. Copyright reform is not about kids' stealing music. It is about recognizing the astounding possibilities inherent in the honest and intelligent use of new technologies.

问答题国际金融危机爆以来，国际组织和各国政府、企业界和专家学者都在深刻反思，探究危机产生的原因，寻求世界经济和各国经济未来发展之路。对中国经济发展的成就，有喝彩的，也有怀疑的；对中国经济的未来，有看好的，也有唱衰的。对此，我们的头脑是清醒的，胸中是有数的，信心是坚定的。 我们坚持用改革的办法破解发展难题，不断完善社会主义市场经济体制。我们全面推进社会事业发展，覆盖城乡的社会保障体系初步形成，使“学有所教、劳有所得、病有所医、老有所养、住有所居”的理想逐步变成现实。

问答题A woman goes to work for a large corporation like IBM. She is intelligent, ambitious and hard-working. She is also good at solving problems. She likes the security of a definite salary and the security of knowing that there will always be a defined job to be done, a definite direction in which to exert her abilities. Perhaps the consciousness that ability will be rewarded is also important. A man goes to work for the government service. He is competent and hard-working, but he is not ambitious. He does not like to work under pressure or in a competitive environment. His real interests lie outside work in his lore of music. A brash young man who wants only to work for himself proceeds to set up his own business, starting with a hamburger franchise for which he borrows money. His satisfaction is to see things happen. He wants to be able to make things happen. He wants to look at the accounts at the end of the month and see what has happened. He wants the maximum responsibility and the maximum reward; he does not mind the risk. It is the urge to bring something about that defines the entrepreneur. This urge is not unlike that of the painter or writer. There is an urge to make something happen, something that was not there before. The medium chosen by the entrepreneur is action or operation. The aesthetic satisfaction is that of seeing something happening effectively, of seeing decisions correctly made. This satisfaction is made concrete by money. Money is the indicator of success but not necessarily the driving factor. The test would be simple: if an entrepreneur were suddenly given as much money as he wanted, would he stop his activities or use the money to develop new ones? History is very much on the side of the new activities. The entrepreneur seeks out opportunities; he tries things out; he makes decisions based as much on hunch as on analysis. Quite often he starts up a successful business which grows to such a size that his entrepreneurial style of management is no longer the best and he has to resign if the company is to survive. Entrepreneurs are the risk element in society, the evolutionary element that brings about change as distinct from the operating element that keeps things ticking over. In too many countries they are discouraged as being greedy and selfish.

问答题There is no better school than adversity. Every defeat, every heartbreak, every loss, contains its own seed, its own lesson on how to improve my performance next time. Never again will I contribute to my downfall by refusing to face the truth and learn from my past mistakes. Because I know: gems cannot shine without polish, and I can not perfect myself without hardship. Now I know that there are no times in life when opportunity, the chance to be and do, gathers so richly about my soul when it has to suffer cruel adversity. Then everything depends on whether I raise my head or lower it in seeking help. Whenever I am struck down, in the future, by any terrible defeat, I will inquire of myself, after the first pain has passed how I can turn that adversity into good. What a great opportunity that moment may present to take the bitter root I am holding and transform it into fragrant garden of flowers. Always will I seek the seed of triumph in every adversity.

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问答题博鳌，十多年前还是个鲜为人知的小渔村，现在已成为可以共商亚洲发展之计的大平台。博鳌是在中国和亚洲的开放发展中快速成长起来的，它的开放和变化表明了中国与亚洲，亚洲与世界的联系日益密切。 可以说，身在博鳌，能“博览天下，博采众长”，博鳌亚洲论坛是一个立足亚洲、面向世界、开放包容的大平台。博鳌亚洲论坛在凝聚亚洲共识、传播亚洲声音、促进亚洲合作方面发挥了重要作用， 已成为全球最具影响力的经济论坛之一。

问答题Since thin people can"t enjoy life, we eke out pleasure by telling fat people how to lose weight, as if they don"t know. Cook! Plant a garden! Read this posting of fast-food-menu calories! Buy fresh produce! Bike to work! Do stuff skinny folk would never do. So I wasn"t surprised when two recent studies concluded that obesity isn"t reduced by opening supermarkets in poor areas—the so-called food deserts without access to affordable fresh produce that food writer Michael Pollan has railed against and the Obama Administration has funded an initiative to fix. Sure, people can"t eat healthy if there isn"t a store nearby selling pomegranate seeds and kale. But most obesity isn"t caused by a lack of access to affordable produce or time to cook. It"s the result of short-term over long-term thinking. Cooking sucks. Eating a salad takes forever. Fast food is delicious, easy, fun, cheap, reliable and can be scarfed down so quickly there isn"t time to fight with your family. One Thanksgiving meal does more emotional damage than a lifetime of Wendy"s. The times when I"ve felt stuck in my life, I"ve made horrible decisions—avoiding work, blowing deadlines, going on seven dates with a woman during which I watched a movie on her bed and met her parents and yet did not kiss her once, there by starting, I"m sure, a rumor that I"m either gay or lack a working tongue. And my version of being stuck was hating my Manhattan magazine fact-checking job and living at home with my newly divorced dad. So, less like being poor and more like being in a 1980s sitcom. But if you"re living in an impoverished community where the future doesn"t look like a rewarding adventure and instead requires all your energy to figure out how to get by this month, you"re unlikely to focus on activities with long-term benefits such as studying, saving, marriage, being drug-free and spicing up quinoa. In their 1988 paper "A Theory of Rational Addiction", economists Gary Becker and Kevin Murphy argued that shooting heroin is a logical choice when all you"re giving up is a crappy existence. It also explains why so many people do drugs when listening to Phish. When I ran my theory by Marie Gallagher, the researcher who invented the term "food desert", she actually agreed with me. "That"s why we don"t have to combat food deserts but jobs deserts, crime and so many other things," she said. I asked Charles Duhigg—whose brilliant book The Power of Habit is about how to trick your brain into making better decisions—what a better solution is. He said telling people to eat well so they"ll live longer is idiotic. "The No. 1 way not to form a good habit is to say, "In three months I"m going to look a lot thinner." There is no way you can say the long-term reward is going to outweigh a sugar rush," he said. "If you see doughnuts on the counter, it will feel really urgent that you need a doughnut. That"s your basal ganglia." One proven way of turning people off doughnuts is to talk about basal ganglia. I asked A. J. Jacobs, who lost a bunch of weight for his hilarious new book, Drop Dead Healthy, how he did it. Jacobs, who has never been poor, used to think fatalistically about his future, as a poor person might: "I rationalized it and said even if you eat right and go to the gym three times a week, you get hit by a bus, so what"s the point?" In his head, Jacobs lived a chaotic, violent Upper West Side life where young homies were constantly being iced by the M79 crosstown. So Jacobs tricked himself into thinking long-term results were immediate. "I try to visualize what that doughnut would do to my body. I do that CSI thing where you go inside your body like a bullet, and you visualize the arteries and a big chunk of doughnut blocking the artery," he said. He also stuck a computerized image of himself at 80 on his refrigerator. He agreed to start a company with me that would create an app that updates the elderly-you photo in real time, depending on how much you eat and exercise. Jacobs spent that evening looking for food at the airport, which is the only food desert rich people run into. "I went to a place called something like the Health Shack. They sold gummy bears and chocolate-chip cookies," he said. Jacobs resisted temptation. Though if this book doesn"t sell, next time he probably won"t.

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问答题Middle-class teenagers are less intelligent than a generation ago due to the dumbing down of youth culture and school tests, a new study suggests. IQ tests show that scores for the average 14- year-old have dropped by more than two points between 1980 and 2008. For those in the upper half of the intelligence scale--a group typically dominated by the children of middle-class families-- average IQ scores were six points down on 28 years ago. It is the first time IQ scores have fallen for any age group during the past century. Leisure time is increasingly taken up with playing computer games and watching TV instead of reading and holding conversations. Education experts said a growing tendency in schools to "teach to the test" was affecting youngsters' ability to think laterally. Other studies have shown how pervasive teenage youth culture is, and what we see is parents' influence on IQ slowly diminishing with age. Previous studies have claimed that using text messages and email can temporarily reduce IQ by causing concentration to drop, while smoking marijuana has also been linked with a decline in IQ.

问答题中医是中国文化不可分割的一部分，为振兴华夏作出了巨大的贡献。如今，中医和西医在中国的医疗保健领域并驾齐驱。中医以其独特的诊断手法、系统的治疗方式和丰富的典籍材料，备受世界瞩目。用西医的毒性和化学疗法治疗癌症会引起副作用，中医疗法却公认能显著地化解这些副作用。 中国的中医事业由国家中医药管理局负责，有条不紊地开展和发扬。现在国家已经出台了管理中医的政策、法令和法规，引导并促进这个新兴产业的研究和开发。 在定义上，中医是指导中国传统医药理论和实践的一种医学，它包括中医疗法、中草药、针灸、推拿和气功。

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问答题近几年掀起的“公务员热”使国家公务员考试成为中国竞争最激烈的考试之一。自1995年国家公务员考试推行以来，报考公务员日渐升温，这两年更是热得发烫。《中国青年报》和腾讯网联合开展的一项最新在线调查显示，73%以上的年轻人愿意当公务员。在17330名调查对象中，约83%的人说，他们主要看重公务员工作稳定、医疗和养老都有保障。此外，55%的人说，当公务员能获得“切实利益”。国家公务员之所以如此有诱惑力，不仅是因为收入稳定、医疗有保障，风险小、权力大、实惠多也是其中的重要原因。

问答题中华民族的传统文化博大精深，源远流长。早在2000多年前，就产生了以孔孟为代表的儒家学说和以老庄为代表的道家学说，以及其他许多也在中国思想史上有地位的学说和学派。这就是有名的诸子百家。 从孔夫子到孙中山，中华民族的传统文化有它的许多珍品，许多人民性和民主性的好东西。比如，强调仁爱、强调群体、强调天下为公，特别是“天下兴亡，匹夫有责”的爱国情操和吃苦耐劳、勤俭持家、尊师重教的传统美德。所有这些，对家庭、对国家和社会都起到了巨大的维系和调节作用。

问答题这次到台湾访问交流，虽然行程匆匆，但是，看了不少地方，访了旧友，交了新知，大家走到一起，谈论的一个重要话题就是中华民族在21世纪的强盛。虽然祖国大陆、台湾的青年生活在不同的社会环境中，有着各自不同的生活经历，但大家的内心都深深铭刻着中华文化优秀传统的印记，都拥有着振兴中华民族的共同理想。在世纪之交的伟大时代，我们的祖国正在走向繁荣富强，海峡两岸人民也将加强交流，共同推进祖国统一大业的早日完成。世纪之交的宝贵机遇和巨大挑战将青年推到了历史前台。跨世纪青年一代应该用什么样的姿态迎接充满希望的新世纪，这是我们必须回答的问题。 日月潭水波不兴，仿佛与我一同在思索……

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问答题光阴似箭，转眼中国加入世贸组织已经整整4年。4年来，中国加入世贸绝大多数承诺都已兑现，部分承诺的兑现甚至走在规定的时间表之前。在世贸成员关心的知识产权问题上，中国启动法律修改工程，查处大批侵权案件，这些努力均取得了显著成效。中国政府还全面清理了部委和地方的行政法规。 一诺千金，有诺必践，传送着中国的极大诚意，展示了一个负责任大国的襟怀，赢得世贸成员和国际舆论的佳评。在世贸组织的年度审议中，这几年中国都受到充分肯定。为使国内经济与世贸规则相符，中国表现了承担义务的强烈意愿，并且一如既往从未动摇。

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问答题我的技艺，我的头脑，我的心灵，我的身体，若不善加利用，都将随着时间的流逝而迟钝、腐朽、甚至死亡。我的潜力无穷无尽，脑力、体能稍加开发，就能超过以往的任何成就。从今天开始，我就要开发潜力。 我不再因昨日的成绩沾沾自喜，不再为微不足道的成绩自吹自擂。我能做得比已经完成的更好。我的出生并非最后一个奇迹，为什么自己不能再创奇迹呢？ 我不是随意来到这个世上的。我生来应为高山，而非草芥。从今往后，我要竭尽全力成为群峰之巅。将我的潜能发挥到最大限度。