填空题 What is distance learning? It means that you study on your own, at home or wherever suits you. Recently, the world famous Open University in the United Kingdom has designed a new style of distance learning, which is called{{U}} (1) {{/U}}. The phrase "Open Learning" means you study{{U}} (2) {{/U}}. You read course material, work on course activities, and write{{U}} (3) {{/U}}. The word "Supported" means you have help{{U}} (4) {{/U}}, the student services staff at regional centres, and centralized areas such as{{U}} (5) {{/U}}. You can also contact other students through tutorials and{{U}} (6) {{/U}}, the University's online conferencing system, and events and clubs organized by{{U}} (7) {{/U}}. Most distance learning courses use printed paper materials. They also include some{{U}} (8) {{/U}}materials such as a CD, DVD or video. Many courses have a web site and an{{U}} (9) {{/U}}. You'll need access to a computer{{U}} (10) {{/U}}to make use of these. The Open University can help its students buy a computer and{{U}} (11) {{/U}}the cost of accessing the Internet. With most distance learning courses, no{{U}} (12) {{/U}}are required to study. of course, you have to be aged 18 when your course starts but there is no{{U}} (13) {{/U}}. Currently the Open University has around{{U}} (14) {{/U}}undergraduate and more than 30,000 postgraduate students, of which 10,000 have{{U}} (15) {{/U}}. Nearly all students are studying{{U}} (16) {{/U}}. About 70 per cent of undergraduate students are in{{U}} (17) {{/U}}. More than 50,000 students{{U}} (18) {{/U}}by their employers for their studies. Most distance learning courses{{U}} (19) {{/U}}. Some of them are even available in other parts of the world. With over 25,000 of its students living outside the UK, the Open University is the{{U}} (20) {{/U}}that offers distance learning throughout the world.

填空题News can be something the authorities want you to know, or something they would rather keep secret: an announcement of a 1 , denial of a failure, or a secret scandal that nobody really wants you to 2 . If the authorities want to tell the world some good news, they issue statements, communiques, and call 3 . Or politicians make speeches. Local newspapers, radio and television help to 4 to what is going on. And by making contacts with 5 , journalists can ask for more information or explanations to help them 6 . Unless the correspondent is an 7 , it is rare to trust any single source. Officials have a policy to defend, and 8 want to attack it. Rumor and gossip can also confuse the situation. So, you have to 9 as much as possible, using common sense and experience as final checks to help establish just what"s likely to be the truth, or 10 . Just getting the news is only half the job. A correspondent may be well-informed, but his job is to 11 , the public. So, once the information is available it has to be written 12 which is also easily understood. Particularly for radio, since, while a newspaper reader can turn back and reread a sentence or two, the radio listener has 13 . This also means that only a limited number of facts can be contained in a sentence and that there should be an 14 . And vital information necessary to understand the latest development should be presented 15 in ease the producer of a news program decides to 16 an item, by cutting for example the last sentence or two. Finally, the style of presentation must 17 . A cheerful voice might be perfect for a 18 . But it would be sadly out of place for a report of a 19 . And this would also confuse and distract the listener, probably 20 just what had happened and to whom.

填空题In size, Canada is the second largest country on earth. In terms of 1 , it is a member of Big Seven, the world"s leading industrial nations, 2 the United States, France, the United Kingdom, 3 Canada plays an active role 4 , often taking part in peacekeeping and humanitarian missions and spearheading 5 . Its scenery of mountains, oceans, forests and prairies is 6 . It has a lively and rich culture, with many world famous actors, pop stars and writers. In annual "quality of life", Canada regularly is rated as having 7 of living in the world because of its health care, education, 8 , social welfare, and so on. 9 its physical size, economic power and international prestige, Canada"s population is very small. The current population is 10 . This paradox of having a small number of people in a very large, resource-rich area gives rise to some of 11 people have about Canada. Most people do not know very much about Canada. Mention the country and usually 12 will spring to mind. On the one hand, you might picture 13 , frozen country where people live in igloos, eat fish, hunt bears and 14 snow and cold. On the other, you might think Canada is a country that is "just like America." Even Americans 15 Canada as the 51st state, a part of America that through some quirk of history is not one of the United States. It is easy to understand how such 16 of Canada have become engrained. It is true that most of Canada lies very far north. Large areas of the country are wild, virtually unpopulated 17 , full of dangerous animals and freezing temperatures. But most Canadians live in the south of the country: about 18 of the population is estimated to live within 19 of the Canadian-American border, in a climate that is much 20 .

填空题According to the recent forecasts from The Futuristic magazine for 1997 and beyond, the{{U}} (1) {{/U}}since mid-century, while the population has doubled. As a result, the pressure on natural resources has{{U}} (2) {{/U}}: Demand for grain has nearly tripled, and{{U}} (3) {{/U}}has increased nearly fourfold, with carbon emissions rising accordingly. City skylines may{{U}} (4) {{/U}}in the future. Information technologies are allowing workers to{{U}} (5) {{/U}}rather than trek to downtown skyscrapers. Consequently, many prestigious office towers{{U}} (6) {{/U}}, and U. S. builders have stopped putting up structures taller than 30 stories. Education in the Information Age will be{{U}} (7) {{/U}}and less labor-intensive. Teaching may become more centralized, with a few "star teachers" giving courses via{{U}} (8) {{/U}}to a national student body. Infotech is producing interactive educational toys and other devices that{{U}} (9) {{/U}}of mental faculties. Some youngsters may even teach themselves to read before age 3. Future education will not end with{{U}} (10) {{/U}}in high school or college, but become{{U}} (11) {{/U}}. More students will be learning at home, using computers and advanced educational software. The number of home schoolers has grown from{{U}} (12) {{/U}}in the last two decades. Electronic networking will give more power to workers at the bottom of the{{U}} (13) {{/U}}. Computer networks allow employees to skip over{{U}} (14) {{/U}}and communicate directly with senior managers or even the CEO. The{{U}} (15) {{/U}}of electronic communications will make low-status individuals{{U}} (16) {{/U}}their points of view and offering valuable new ideas. The earth's economy is expected to benefit hugely from{{U}} (17) {{/U}}. Earth is a colossal system, and we will need to{{U}} (18) {{/U}}. The space race will see many new competitors, as the United States and Russia{{U}} (19) {{/U}}due to budget cuts. China, India, and Japan are moving ahead quickly in such fields as remote sensing satellites and{{U}} (20) {{/U}}.

填空题 I've spent the past twenty years working in some of the poorest places on earth, and, over that time, I've written a lot about {{U}} {{U}} 1 {{/U}} {{/U}}. How has that connection affected my work? I think in a way {{U}} {{U}} 2 {{/U}} {{/U}}like a squatter settlement in central Haiti has been very helpful to our work because {{U}} {{U}} 3 {{/U}} {{/U}}hid there in terms of the health status of people and what's available to them that you just have to confront early on. There isn't {{U}} {{U}} 4 {{/U}} {{/U}}. There aren't people there to deliver health services, {{U}} {{U}} 5 {{/U}} {{/U}}. And, yet, that's precisely where {{U}} {{U}} 6 {{/U}} {{/U}}are. I think looking back to {{U}} {{U}} 7 {{/U}} {{/U}}, it was because we started in that setting that we had to {{U}} {{U}} 8 {{/U}} {{/U}}that would work in places with very scant health infrastructure, knowing that we would {{U}} {{U}} 9 {{/U}} {{/U}}. But that there was a lot that you could do—immediately. Train local people to be {{U}} {{U}} 10 {{/U}} {{/U}}. Erect modest facilities and try to {{U}} {{U}} 11 {{/U}} {{/U}}. That's how it started for us in Haiti. And really, that's the model we've taken to {{U}} {{U}} 12 {{/U}} {{/U}}in which we work. Actually we needed to deal with issues that many people {{U}} {{U}} 13 {{/U}} {{/U}}, like housing and water and things like that. There are two ways to look at this, I think, {{U}} {{U}} 14 {{/U}} {{/U}}or a provider of services. If I'm in a Harvard training hospital and {{U}} {{U}} 15 {{/U}} {{/U}}, then no one's going to expect me to diagnose and {{U}} {{U}} 16 {{/U}} {{/U}}, but also build the operating room and find electricity and supplies. But that's very much {{U}} {{U}} 17 {{/U}} {{/U}}. So, there is that side of the model. And that leads to listening hard to what patients say about their other problems. If you have someone who has typhoid, they got that because they don't {{U}} {{U}} 18 {{/U}} {{/U}}. So, you could keep spending your whole life treating typhoid, which {{U}} {{U}} 19 {{/U}} {{/U}}, as you probably know. Or you can treat typhoid and {{U}} {{U}} 20 {{/U}} {{/U}}.

填空题In the ruins of the Palm Beach Hotel you get a powerful sense that an era is drawing to a close that Israel"s attempt to settle its people on the Gaza Strip is in its last days. 1 the fine sand in front of the beach hotel. But since the Palestinians launched their uprising against Israel the intifada— 2 , Gaza has become a violent, dangerous place. People don"t come on holiday anymore. The Palm Beach resort complex was abandoned 3 The reception area and the dining room have been stripped of their fixtures and fittings. The wind off the sea blows in across floors 4 . A similar fate awaits everything that Israel has built here—if 5 in August, as planned. Some young settlers have been squatting in the hotel as it"s decayed around them. For Elazaar Elchiam, life is good. He lives for nothing in 6 The Mediterranean waves are just meters away, and Elazaar has a passion for surfing. 7 in one of the nearby settlements— where red-roofed bungalows surrounded by lawns bake in the summer sun. Elazaar dreads the thought that this may well be his 8 The settlers say Israel is making a mistake. That it"s handing victory to the Palestinian militants who have been attacking Gush Katif for years. 9 the possibility that the settler"s homes will be treated as the spoils of victory by groups 10 To prevent that, it"s possible that the army will demolish everything in the days before the Israelis leave. Debbie Rosen, a mother 11 in Gush Katif, said she hates the thought of her home being destroyed. But at the same time she couldn"t bear the idea of what she called " 12 " taking over the house as they celebrate Israel"s retreat. Since the Israeli army captured Gaza 13 —in the Six Day War—it"s been occupied territory. When it moved civilian settlers into the Strip it was breaching the Geneva Conventions— 14 . This means nothing to settlers like Debbie Rosen. She said she never thought of her home as being 15 . For her, Gaza is part of the land that God promised the Jews. The occupation may mean nothing to the settlers of Gush Katif—but it means everything 16 , in the Palestinian town of Khan Younis. For decades, for Palestinian families, the occupation 17 and limits and humiliations in many areas of life—and it"s hated. Along the western side of Khan Younis Israeli troops man watchtowers that are part of 18 And the area has seen many clashes between the army and Palestinian militants. They frequently 19 on the settler communities that they see as being so symbolic of the Israeli presence. The beach used to be an escape from the heat and 20 of Khan Younis. But to keep the militants out of the settlement zone, the army has blocked the Palestinian road to the sea. Khan Younis has lost its beach.

填空题Paul Krugman, the 1 Noble Prize Winner in 2 , delivered a speech with the theme of "the Future of Sino-US 3 under the New Pattern" in Shanghai Jiao Tong University. He said. I think it is very bad with excessive investment in real estate, because the bubble brought about by real 4 investment is the bubble that can result in no 5 . Krugman disfavored excessive debt, especially the excessive debt of government and family to 6 the house. He said. As early as 2005, I have written that American economy has made a society in which people make their living by selling houses and this is not a 7 development 8 . Developing countries are in great need of 9 for development. When China got foreign direct investments, it produced products to gain foreign 10 which, however, were not 11 left to its own use. I find it difficult to understand why China invests so much money 12 , and now it seems these investments have low 13 . I think China should 14 domestic public investment and 15 domestic demand. Krugman also said. The recovery of China"s economy will bring a method or a development mode out of 16 to other countries, but China cannot 17 the recovery of 18 economy due to its 19 of world GDP being too 20 .

填空题There are two ways of thinking of history. There is, first, history regarded as 1 , really the 2 , from the universe to this nib with which I am writing. 3 There is the history of the universe, 4 --and we know something of it, if we do not. know much. Nor is 5 , when you come to think of it, between 6 . A mere pen-nib has quite 7 There is, to begin with, 8 with it, and that might be 9 After all it was probably only 10 that wrote Hamlet. Whatever has been written with the pen-nib is part of its history. 11 there is the history 12 : this particular nib is a "Relief" nib, No. 314, made by R. Esterbrook ＆ Co. in England, who supply the Midland Bank with pen-nibs, 13 —a gift, I may say, but behind this nib there is 14 In fact a pen nib 15 , and the history of it implies its history. We may regard this way of looking at it—history—as 16 of all things: a pen-nib, 17 before me as I write, as a 18 There is, secondly, what we may call 19 , what we usually mean by it, history proper as 20 .

填空题Being obese is more than being (1) . To determine if someone is obese, doctors and other (2) professionals need to measure a person's (3) and weight. People gain weight when the body takes in more (4) than it burns off. Some of your (5) tell your body how to metabolize food. Sometimes (6) can fuel obesity as well. One important factor in weight gain is a (7) lifestyle, as people are much less active today than they used to be in their spare time. According the World Health Organization, about (8) billion people in the world are overweight and at least 300 million of them are (9) , even though obesity is one of the 10 most (10) health risks. In the United States, women are slightly more at risk for becoming obese than men. Race and (11) also can be factors. Obesity makes a person feel tired and (12) , and is also associated with (13) problems such as (14) and sleep apnea. People who are obese are more likely to be (15) , which can start a vicious cycle. The keys to healthy weight are regular (16) and good (17) habits. You may also want to keep a food and activity (18) You might also want to consider attending a (19) group. Above all, surround yourself with (20) and family who can help you tackle these important changes in your life.

填空题{{B}}A: Spot Dictation{{/B}}{{B}}Directions:{{/B}} In this part of the test, you will hear a passage and read the same passage with blanks in it. Fill in each of the blanks with the word or words you have heard on the tape. Write your answer in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET. Remember you will hear the passage {{B}}ONLY ONCE.{{/B}} The World Trade Organization (WTO) is{{U}} (1) {{/U}}dealing with the global rules of trade between nations. It has more than{{U}} (2) {{/U}}, accounting for over 90% of world trade. Over 30 others are negotiating membership. Decisions are made by the entire membership. This is typically by consensus.{{U}} (3) {{/U}}is also possible but it has never been used in the WTO, and{{U}} (4) {{/U}}under the WTO’ s predecessor, GATT. The WTO’ s agreements have been ratified in all{{U}} (5) {{/U}}. The WTO’s{{U}} (6) {{/U}}is the Ministerial Conference which meets at least once every two years. Below this is the{{U}} (7) {{/U}}which meets several times a year in the Geneva headquarters. The General Council also meets as the Trade Policy Review Body and the{{U}} (8) {{/U}}. At the next level, the Goods Council, Services Council and Intellectual Property Council report to{{U}} (9) {{/U}}. Numerous specialized committees,{{U}} (10) {{/U}}deal with the individual agreements and other areas such as the environment,{{U}} (11) {{/U}}applications and regional trade agreements. The WTO Secretariat,{{U}} (12) {{/U}}, has around 500 staff and is headed by a director- general. It does not have{{U}} (13) {{/U}}outside Geneva. Since decisions{{U}} (14) {{/U}}the members themselves, the Secretariat does not have the{{U}} (15) {{/U}}that other international bureaucracies are given. The Secretariat's{{U}} (16) {{/U}}are to supply technical support for the various councils and committees and the ministerial conferences, to{{U}} (17) {{/U}}for developing countries, to analyze world trade, and to explain WTO affairs to{{U}} (18) {{/U}}. The Secretariat also provides some forms of{{U}} (19) {{/U}}in the dispute settlement process and advises governments wishing to become members of the WTO. The annual budget is{{U}} (20) {{/U}}Swiss francs.

填空题What is best way to learn a language? We should 75.______remember that we all learned our own language well 76. ______when we are children. If we could learn a second lan- 77. ______guage in the same way, it would not seem such difficult. 78. ______Think of what little children do. They listen what people 79. ______say and try to imitate (模仿) what they hear. That is 80. ______important to remember that we learn our own language 81. ______with hearing people speak it. In school though you learn 82. ______to read and write as good as to hear andspeak, it is best 83. ______to learn all new word through the ears. 84. ______

填空题If someone asks you how you can make you always73. ______happy you will perhaps find rather difficult to give him 74. ______a proper answer. Did you remember the old saying "No 75. ______human being can really happy who is not giving or trying 76. ______to give happiness to others"? If you will always think of 77. ______taking more from others and give them less, you won't be 78. ______able to have happiness in your life even you are very rich. 79. ______Here's an article for you. If each of you follow it, there 80. ______will be an end of many unhappy days of yours. So you should 81. ______learn to give up your own interests when necessarily to do so. 82. ______

填空题Can we save the world"s 1 languages? The Hadza community lives in Tanzania. Their language—Hadza—is unique. However the language may not be 2 for long. There are now fewer than 1,000 Hadza 3 . The number will continue to 4 and their sing-song tongue, 5 with clicks and glottal stops, is no longer being learned by all Hadza children. The language is in danger of being 6 . The Hadza are not alone in facing the loss of their 7 tongue. Every 8 days a language dies. Over half of the approximately 7,000 languages spoken on the planet may 9 by the end of the 20th century. Eighty percent of the 10 languages have no 11 form. 12 the last speaker dies, so does the language. But eighty percent of the world"s population now speak just 13 of its languages. So, will the languages on the 14 be reduced to a 15 of tongues? Not if some people have their way, who are fighting back to 16 rarer tongues successfully. Perhaps the most successful example is 17 , which was dead two centuries ago but is a living language now. Other languages have also been brought back from the brink of 18 through the sheer will and determination of their communities. Language preservation works best when the language, culture and 19 of minority-speaker communities are 20 by national governments.

填空题It streaked across the sky in a warm March evening last year, then 1 a street in the small town of Monahans, Texas. When seven boys quit their basketball game to 2 the damage, they found a shiny, black grapefruit-size rock nestled in the asphalt. 3 traveled quickly in newspapers and on TV. The next day, NASA scientist Everett Gibson arrived and took the meteorite, later named Monahans 1998, back to a lab in Houston. There researchers 4 the extraterrestrial rock with a hammer and chisel. To their surprise, they smack water. A team led by Michael Zolensky of the Johnson Space Center reports 5 in the current issue of the journal Science. It"s the first time anyone has found liquid water 6 from space-and a tantalizing suggestion that 7 . Meteorites containing water are probably not 8 , Zolensky says. But by the time researchers get their hands on the rocks, minerals that trap the water 9 away, and the water has evaporated. "Worse, some researchers destroy the aqueous evidence by cutting meteorites open with rock saws and water. I"m betting this isn"t 10 ; it"s just that people have been 11 their meteorites," Zolensky says. Of course, Zolensky"s team did get a bit lucky. Monahans 1998 was safe in their lab less than two days after it hit Earth, so they examined 12 . The scientists were intrigued to find vivid purple crystals of halite inside the meteorite, since halite is a salt 13 usually formed from liquid water. Even more curious were the hundreds of tiny bubbles 14 in the halite crystals. Zolensky"s team analyzed the bubbles by shining 15 through them and confirmed they were made of salty brine. By dating the halite, Zolensky"s team found the water trapped inside it formed at least 4.5 billion years ago, back when most scientists believe 16 was born. That means the briny relic may help researchers learn about the gaseous-nebula that 17 our sun and planets. But how did the meteorite get wet? One possibility is that a passing comet 18 the rock, dropping off a load of liquid water. Or the rock might have chipped off an asteroid that holds pools of fluid. Zolensky"s team still needs to study whether the water comes from our own solar system. One thing is certain, however: the Monahans meteorite will fuel 19 extraterrestrial life. "Water is a life-giver, so if you want to study where life came from in the solar system, you have to 20 ," Zolensky says. A wet rock from space doesn"t mean little green men are coming soon to a planet near you, but it does raise hopes that we"re not alone in the universe.

填空题It is suggested that the English language will provide the key to ]Britain"s economic prosperity in the future. But my argument is that in future Britain"s 1 may not be the most advantageous strategy and will eventually 2 our native-speaker economic advantage. There are several reasons. First, the world is becoming increasingly bilingual and 3 , and trade is significant among them. Second, in some regions, languages other than 4 may become important in business and a person who can speak two or three 5 fluently is certainly more welcome. So in future, the first likelihood is that English may become so 6 that Britain gets no 7 benefits. The business advantage may 8 more clearly towards bilingualism. As a result, Britain"s linguistic advantage in attracting 9 from Asia may decrease. In terms of the 10 and marketing of 11 property, English will no doubt remain an important asset to Britain. But other countries may also produce and 12 intellectual property in English language teaching and learning. International language schools will 13 Competitors to Britain will arise not only in 14 , but also in other parts of the world. These trends may make it less easy to identify British language teaching and learning 15 The second likelihood is that new English language 16 in Europe and Asian second-language areas may prove to be more attractive than 17 ones, since the former can best 18 the needs of second-language users of English. These trends and developments show that Britain does not naturally have an 19 advantage based on 20

填空题Oxford University once famously claimed to have been founded by Alfred the Great in the 9th Century, 1 , the University as we know it today began to take shape in the 12th Century when English Scholars were exiled from 2 and began to congregate at Oxford"s Abbeys and Priories, which were 3 already established centers of learning. Today, 39 independent, 4 colleges are related to the University in a type of federal system. Each is 5 by a Head of House and a number of Fellows, who are academics specializing 6 disciplines. Across both the Arts and the Sciences, Oxford research consistently ranks top both 7 . As well as being in the forefront of scientific, medical and technological achievement, the University 8 research institutions and industrial concerns both in the United Kingdom and overseas. The University"s great age also allows its 9 and research students to draw on a heritage of magnificent library and 10 . Students working for higher degrees are an important and valued part of Oxford University. They currently make up over 11 the total student body of 15,641, therefore the proportion of 12 is increasing. In all these fields, Oxford attracts scholars from 13 to join its teaching and research staff, and also values important role of 14 in providing intellectual stimulation and 15 academic links with colleges abroad. To gain entry into the University, students must first 16 by competitive examination at one of the colleges, which have their own 17 . The procedure for applications 18 according to the subject you propose to study. There are no final deadlines for most applications, unless specified in a particular subject section, but there are many more applications than 19 by both faculty board and college can take some time; early application is therefore 20 .

填空题 Lackner, a {{U}} {{U}} 1 {{/U}} {{/U}}energy expert at Columbia University, has designed an {{U}} {{U}} 2 {{/U}} {{/U}}tree that soaks up carbon dioxide from the air using "leaves" 1,000 times more efficient than true leaves. He explains: The leaves are {{U}} {{U}} 3 {{/U}} {{/U}}in a resin that contains sodium carbonate, which pulls carbon dioxide out of the air and stores it as a bicarbonate on the leaves. To remove the carbon dioxide, the leaves are {{U}} {{U}} 4 {{/U}} {{/U}}in water {{U}} {{U}} 5 {{/U}} {{/U}}and can dry naturally in the wind, soaking up more carbon dioxide. He {{U}} {{U}} 6 {{/U}} {{/U}}that our total {{U}} {{U}} 7 {{/U}} {{/U}}could be removed with 100 million trees. The removed carbon dioxide can be {{U}} {{U}} 8 {{/U}} {{/U}}and stored; however, there isn't enough space to store it. But {{U}} {{U}} 9 {{/U}} {{/U}}are coming up with {{U}} {{U}} 10 {{/U}} {{/U}}, for example, peridotite, which is a great {{U}} {{U}} 11 {{/U}} {{/U}}of carbon dioxide. Another {{U}} {{U}} 12 {{/U}} {{/U}}could be the basalt rock {{U}} {{U}} 13 {{/U}} {{/U}}, which contain {{U}} {{U}} 14 {{/U}} {{/U}}gas bubbles. {{U}} {{U}} 15 {{/U}} {{/U}}carbon dioxide into these bubbles causes it to form {{U}} {{U}} 16 {{/U}} {{/U}}limestone. However, Lackner thinks the gas is very useful and it can be used to make {{U}} {{U}} 17 {{/U}} {{/U}}fuels for transport {{U}} {{U}} 18 {{/U}} {{/U}}. We have the technology to suck carbon dioxide out of the air, and keep it out, but whether it is economically {{U}} {{U}} 19 {{/U}} {{/U}}is a different question. We have to decide whether the cost of the technology is socially and economically {{U}} {{U}} 20 {{/U}} {{/U}}the price.

填空题The American work force is changing. The most important change is from a 1 economy to a 2 economy. Generally, service jobs are divided into 3 types. One, transportation and 4 companies, like the phone company. Two, 5 companies. Three, 6 companies. Four, finance, 7 and real estate companies. And finally, five, 8 services, such as hotels, car repair, 9 , and medicine. Economists predict that by the year 2000 10 % of the work force will be part of the service economy. Then what are the causes for such a change? First, American manufacturing industries are not 11 because they are faced with 12 from other parts of the world. Secondly, because of technological advances, 13 accounting and other business have become important. Thirdly, more 14 are now having jobs and this has increased the need for 15 and day-care centers. And finally, the number of 16 people has gown, so have 17 services. But, according to some economists, the service job explosion may create problems. The standard of living might 18 because half of the service jobs pay 19 wages. The other problem is that some service jobs give a worker very little 20 .

填空题Most people would be impressed by the high quality of medicine available to most Americans. There is 1 , a great deal of attention to the individual, a vast amount of 2 , and intense effort not to make mistakes because of the 3 which doctors and hospitals must face in the courts if they 4 . But the Americans are in a mess. The problem is the way in which health care is 5 . Contrary to public belief, it is not just a free competition system. The private system has been joined 6 , because private care was simply not looking after 7 . But even with this huge public part of the system, which this year will eat up 8 —more than 10 per cent of the U. S. Budget— 9 are left out. These include about half the 10 unemployed and those who fail to meet 11 on income fixed by a government trying to 12 where it can. The basic problem, however, is that there is no 13 over the health system. There is no confinement to what doctors and hospitals 14 , other than what the public is able to pay. 15 has shot up and prices have climbed. When faced with toothache, a sick child, or a 16 , all the unfortunate person concerned can do is pay up. Two-thirds of the population are 17 . Doctors charge as much as they want, knowing that the insurance company will pay the bill. 18 in the U. S. A. is among the most worrying problems. In 2004 19 climbed 15.9 per cent—about twice 20 .

填空题{{B}} Directions: {{/B}}{{I}}In this part of the test you will hear a short talk. You will hear the talk ONLY ONCE. While listening to the talk, you may take notes on the important points so that you can have enough information to complete a gap-filling task on a separate ANSWER BOOKLET. You will not get your ANSWER BOOKLET until after you have listened to the talk.{{/I}} For more than {{U}} {{U}} 1 {{/U}} {{/U}}years, immigrants from all around the globe have {{U}} {{U}} 2 {{/U}} {{/U}}in America, creating the most {{U}} {{U}} 3 {{/U}} {{/U}}nation on earth. {{U}} {{U}} 4 {{/U}} {{/U}}out of 10 immigrants in Colonial times came from {{U}} {{U}} 5 {{/U}} {{/U}}. Lots of them came to escape from {{U}} {{U}} 6 {{/U}} {{/U}}persecution. Many of them enjoyed wages {{U}} {{U}} 7 {{/U}} {{/U}}those found in England. By the time of Revolutionary War, the country had nearly 800,000 Africans who were {{U}} {{U}} 8 {{/U}} {{/U}}brought to the U.S. as {{U}} {{U}} 9 {{/U}} {{/U}}. Not all immigrants were {{U}} {{U}} 10 {{/U}} {{/U}}with open arms. Quakes and Jews could not {{U}} {{U}} 11 {{/U}} {{/U}}in court in New York City. But after all, the infant colonies were {{U}} {{U}} 12 {{/U}} {{/U}}for the basic resource: {{U}} {{U}} 13 {{/U}} {{/U}}. In the 1840s, for the first time, the English were {{U}} {{U}} 14 {{/U}} {{/U}}at American ports by Germans and Irish, who made up {{U}} {{U}} 15 {{/U}} {{/U}}of America's foreign-born by 1860. On the West Coast, the {{U}} {{U}} 16 {{/U}} {{/U}}became the first non-Europeans to {{U}} {{U}} 17 {{/U}} {{/U}}to the U. S.. Many of them ended in labor on the {{U}} {{U}} 18 {{/U}} {{/U}}. But as the immigration population grew, the English became {{U}} {{U}} 19 {{/U}} {{/U}}. In 1882, all Chinese laborers were {{U}} {{U}} 20 {{/U}} {{/U}}from entering the U. S..