填空题The term home schooling or home tuition, as it is called in England, means educating children at home or in places other than a 1 such as a public or private school. There are many reasons why parents choose home schooling for their children. Some parents are 2 the quality of education in public schools. Others do not want their children to have to worry about 3 , or social pressure from friends. These parents fear this type of pressure will lead to 4 such as smoking, drinking alcohol and taking drugs. 5 from other students is another concern. In 1996, it was estimated that between 120,000 and 6 children are being home schooled in the U.S. Professor Jane describes parents who teach their children at home as either ideologues or pedagogues. Ideologues tend to view home school as opportunities to 7 using pre-determined curricula, textbooks and 8 . Pedagogues tend to place the learner central to everything else that transpires in the home. Whatever the forms, there are however some basic keys to creating a successful environment for home schooling: Provide an opportunity for children to 9 other children close to their age. With today"s technology, 10 as many types of instruction methods as possible. These methods may include 11 , interactive satellite broadcasts or electronic networks among schools. By then, the teacher will 12 as adviser, instead of imparting knowledge, they would (13) the available information. The basic skills such as reading, writing and mathematics should not be overlooked. These may be 13 when possible. Many of these students will at some point enter the public system. It is 14 , to remain at or above the grade level of their peers so that they will not be 15 . The debate over home schooling versus public schooling is still prevailing and many questions have 16 . Will this marginal model of schooling replace traditional schools and 17 ? How are home schoolers assessed? Are home schooling children 18 the social benefits of being in a large classroom? As with any debatable issue, the answers to these questions are neither 19 .

填空题 Using a public telephone may well be one of{{U}} (1) {{/U}}of life, demanding patience, determination and{{U}} (2) {{/U}}, together on occasion with considerable unpopularity. The hopeful caller (shall we call him George?)waits till six o'clock in the evening to{{U}} (3) {{/U}}the so-called 'cheap rates' for{{U}} (4) {{/U}}. The telephone box, with two broken panes of glass in the side, stands{{U}} (5) {{/U}}two main roads with buses, lorries and cars roaring past. It is pouring with rain as George joins a queue of four depressed-looking people. Time passes slowly and seems to come to{{U}} (6) {{/U}}while the person immediately before George carries on an endless conversation, pausing{{U}} (7) {{/U}}another coin every minute or so. Eventually the receiver is replaced and the caller leaves the box. George enters and picks up one of the directories inside, {{U}}(8) {{/U}}that someone unknown has tom out the very page he needs. Nothing for it but to dial Directory Enquiries, {{U}}(9) {{/U}}(while someone outside bangs repeatedly on the door) and finally{{U}} (10) {{/U}}given. At last George can go ahead with his call. Just as he is{{U}} (11) {{/U}}, however, the door pens and{{U}} (12) {{/U}}peers in: As he continues to dial, his unwanted companion withdraws. At last he hears the burr-burr of{{U}} (13) {{/U}}, immediately followed by rapid pips demanding his money, but he is now so upset that he{{U}} (14) {{/U}}he has placed ready{{U}} (15) {{/U}}of the box. Having at last located them, he dials again: the pips are repeated and he hastily inserts the coins. A cold voice{{U}} (16) {{/U}}, "Grand Hotel, Chalfont Wells," I've an urgent message for a Mr. Smith who is a guest in your hotel. Could you{{U}} (17) {{/U}}to him? I'm afraid I don't know his room number. The response appears less than enthusiastic and{{U}} (18) {{/U}}. George inserts more coins. Then the voice informs him I've been trying to locate Mr. Smith but the hall porter reports having seen him{{U}} (19) {{/U}}. Breathing heavily, George replaces the receiver, just as{{U}} (20) {{/U}}starts again.

填空题Despite recent increases in common-law unions, marriage continues to form the foundation for most Canadian families. Statistics Canada researchers say that in 2010, about 1 were headed by married couples. The average age for first marriages 2 for both brides and grooms. In 2008, first-time brides were 31.7 years old, while grooms proclaimed their first marriage vows at an average age of 3 . Only two decades earlier, women and men were 25.9 and 28.5 years old, respectively, when 4 . Statistics Canada attributes the change to 5 and the growing popularity of common-law unions. The number of couples forgoing marriage 6 since 1988, the first time the statistic was tallied. At the time, there were 357,000 7 —about six per cent of all couples. By the 2010 Census, roughly 8 were common law. Common-law unions 9 among young people and couples living in Quebec, where 10 of all families are common law. Common-law unions tend to be 11 , though they often transform into marriage. However, those marriages break up far more frequently than 12 common-law relationships. With 13 in 1968, grounds for divorce were extended to include "no-fault" divorce based on 14 ; in 1986, the separation period was revised to one year. Within a decade of the introduction of the Divorce Act, 15 , that is, the percentage of marriages that dissolved in the previous 30-year period, 16 of all marriages in 1969 to 30 per cent in 1975. The total crude divorce rate 17 per 100,000 inhabitants in 1987. The divorce rate 18 was 231 per 100,000 inhabitants. Statistics Canada figures from 2008 show the number of Canadians 19 is on the rise. Researchers found the number of marriage breakups involving husbands who have been divorced at least once 20 .

填空题The World Trade Organization (WTO) is 1 dealing with the global rules of trade between nations. It has more than 2 , accounting for over 90% of world trade. Over 30 others are negotiating membership. Decisions are made by the entire membership. This is typically by consensus. 3 is also possible but it has never been used in the WTO, and 4 under the WTO’ s predecessor, GATT. The WTO’ s agreements have been ratified in all 5 . The WTO’s 6 is the Ministerial Conference which meets at least once every two years. Below this is the 7 which meets several times a year in the Geneva headquarters. The General Council also meets as the Trade Policy Review Body and the 8 . At the next level, the Goods Council, Services Council and Intellectual Property Council report to 9 . Numerous specialized committees, 10 deal with the individual agreements and other areas such as the environment, 11 applications and regional trade agreements. The WTO Secretariat, 12 , has around 500 staff and is headed by a director- general. It does not have 13 outside Geneva. Since decisions 14 the members themselves, the Secretariat does not have the 15 that other international bureaucracies are given. The Secretariat"s 16 are to supply technical support for the various councils and committees and the ministerial conferences, to 17 for developing countries, to analyze world trade, and to explain WTO affairs to 18 . The Secretariat also provides some forms of 19 in the dispute settlement process and advises governments wishing to become members of the WTO. The annual budget is 20 Swiss francs.

填空题Knowledge is one thing, virtue is another; 1 is not conscience, 2 , nor is largeness and justness of view faith. Philosophy, however enlightened, however profound, gives no 3 , no influential motives, no vivifying principles. 4 makes not the Christian, not the Catholic, but the gentleman. It is well to be a gentleman, it is well to 5 , a delicate taste, a candid, 6 , a noble and courteous bearing in the conduct of life--these are the 7 ; they are the objects of a University. I am advocating, I shall 8 upon them; but still, I repeat, they are 9 or even for conscientiousness, and they may 10 of the world, to the profligate, to 11 , alas, and attractive as he shows 12 . 13 , they do but seem to be what they are not; they look like 14 , but they are detected 15 , and 16 ; and hence it is that they are popularly 17 , not, I repeat, from their own fault, but because their professors and their admirers 18 for what they are not, and are 19 for them a praise to which they 20 .

填空题Women who are stressed while trying 1 are more likely to have girls, research suggests. A study found that those who were under pressure 2 , work or in their love life in the weeks or months before becoming 3 had higher than usual odds of giving birth to a daughter 4 a son. The finding, by Oxford University and U.S. researchers, 5 the economic downturn could see more women give birth to 6 . The study follows others that have shown 7 goes down following major upheavals. For instance, in the months after the 9.11 8 , the number of boys born in New York plunged, while the economic chaos 9 followed the collapse of the Berlin Wall saw far fewer boys born 10 in the former East Germany in 1991. But the latest study is the first 11 to the stresses and strains of everyday life and to rising levels of stress hormones. 12 from around the U.K. who were trying to get pregnant kept diaries about their lives and 13 about how stressed they felt. Levels of stress hormones including cortisol were measured 14 before pregnancy. Among the 15 of the women who had the highest amounts of cortisol 16 , the sex ratio was clearly skewed towards girls, the American Society for Reproductive Medicine"s annual conference heard. The most stressed women were up to 17 to have boys than the least stressed, the conference in Orlando, Florida, 18 . Cortisol levels rise when people suffer long-term stress such as pressure at work and bad relationships. It isn"t known why 19 cortisol appear to cut the odds of having a boy. But, if the link is firmed up, 20 may be told about the benefits of relaxation, in the same way as they are now advised to take care of their health in other ways.

填空题According to the recent forecasts from The Futuristic magazine for 1997 and beyond, the 1 since mid-century, while the population has doubled. As a result, the pressure on natural resources has 2 : Demand for grain has nearly tripled, and 3 has increased nearly fourfold, with carbon emissions rising accordingly. City skylines may 4 in the future. Information technologies are allowing workers to 5 rather than trek to downtown skyscrapers. Consequently, many prestigious office towers 6 , and U. S. builders have stopped putting up structures taller than 30 stories. Education in the Information Age will be 7 and less labor-intensive. Teaching may become more centralized, with a few "star teachers" giving courses via 8 to a national student body. Infotech is producing interactive educational toys and other devices that 9 of mental faculties. Some youngsters may even teach themselves to read before age 3. Future education will not end with 10 in high school or college, but become 11 . More students will be learning at home, using computers and advanced educational software. The number of home schoolers has grown from 12 in the last two decades. Electronic networking will give more power to workers at the bottom of the 13 . Computer networks allow employees to skip over 14 and communicate directly with senior managers or even the CEO. The 15 of electronic communications will make low-status individuals 16 their points of view and offering valuable new ideas. The earth"s economy is expected to benefit hugely from 17 . Earth is a colossal system, and we will need to 18 . The space race will see many new competitors, as the United States and Russia 19 due to budget cuts. China, India, and Japan are moving ahead quickly in such fields as remote sensing satellites and 20 .

填空题 People who want to avoid weight gain have to balance the number of calories they eat with the number of {{U}} {{U}} 1 {{/U}} {{/U}}. To lose weight, you can reduce the number of calories you{{U}} {{U}} 2 {{/U}} {{/U}}, or increase the number you use, or both. Experts at the National Institutes of Health say {{U}} {{U}} 3 {{/U}} {{/U}}, a person should do an hour of moderate to intensive physical activity most days of the week. This could include {{U}} {{U}} 4 {{/U}} {{/U}}, sports or strength training. You should also follow a {{U}} {{U}} 5 {{/U}} {{/U}}and take in fewer calories than your body uses each day. A recent study {{U}} {{U}} 6 {{/U}} {{/U}}four of the most popular dieting plans in the United States. Researchers at Stanford University in California studied more than {{U}} {{U}} 7 {{/U}} {{/U}}women, mostly in their thirties and forties, Each woman{{U}} {{U}} 8 {{/U}} {{/U}}one of the four plans: Atkins, The Zone, Ornish or LEARN. The women attended diet classes and received {{U}} {{U}} 9 {{/U}} {{/U}}about the food plans. At the end of a year, the women on the Atkins diet {{U}} {{U}} 10 {{/U}} {{/U}}the most, more than four and one-half kilograms {{U}} {{U}} 11 {{/U}} {{/U}}. They also did better on tests including cholesterol levels and {{U}} {{U}} 12 {{/U}} {{/U}}. Christopher Gardner led the study, reported in the Journal of the American Medical Association. He says the Atkins diet may be{{U}} {{U}} 13 {{/U}} {{/U}}because of its simple message to lower intake of sugars. Also, he says {{U}} {{U}} 14 {{/U}} {{/U}}increase protein in the diet leads to more {{U}} {{U}} 15 {{/U}} {{/U}}meals. He says there was not enough money to also study men, but that men would probably have {{U}} {{U}} 16 {{/U}} {{/U}}. But last week, another report suggested that only {{U}} {{U}} 17 {{/U}} {{/U}}people have long-term success with dieting. The report in the journal American Psychologist was based on {{U}} {{U}} 18 {{/U}} {{/U}}studies. Researchers at the University of California, Los Angeles, medical school found that most dieters{{U}} {{U}} 19 {{/U}} {{/U}}their lost weight within five years. And often they gained back even more, But those who {{U}} {{U}} 20 {{/U}} {{/U}}generally were the ones who exercised.

填空题{{B}}Directions:{{/B}} {{I}}In this part of the test, you will hear a passage and read the same passage with blanks in it. Fill in each of the blanks with the ward or words you have heard on the tape. Write your answer in the corresponding space in you ANSWER BOOKLET. Remember you will hear the passage only once.{{/I}} The automobile, along with a house and a garden, is{{U}} {{U}} 1 {{/U}} {{/U}}of the American Dream. The{{U}} {{U}} 2 {{/U}} {{/U}}had 1.8 vehicles; each vehicle is driven an average of 10,000 miles per year at an average highway speed of{{U}} {{U}} 3 {{/U}} {{/U}}. Most cars are used for{{U}} {{U}} 4 {{/U}} {{/U}}; less than 6% of the American workforce uses{{U}} {{U}} 5 {{/U}} {{/U}}to get to work. Some of the country's wonderful high-speed highways now carry three or more times the{{U}} {{U}} 6 {{/U}} {{/U}}and twice a day mm into parking lots. San Francisco and Washington D.C win the prize for the two cities with{{U}} {{U}} 7 {{/U}} {{/U}}. Even if{{U}} {{U}} 8 {{/U}} {{/U}}could walk to anything other than the house next door, they wouldn't. Walking is un-American. Whenever possible, Americans drive and, if necessary, wait to get a parking place{{U}} {{U}} 9 {{/U}} {{/U}}. Congestion occurs as drivers{{U}} {{U}} 10 {{/U}} {{/U}}, looking for a parking place that's closer to where they want to go. American cars are all{{U}} {{U}} 11 {{/U}} {{/U}}. A stick shift (manual) is harder to drive and therefore considered sportier, {{U}} {{U}} 12 {{/U}} {{/U}}. And continually pressing on the clutch can get tiresome if one drives 30 miles each day to work in heavy traffic, as many Americans do. An American man might{{U}} {{U}} 13 {{/U}} {{/U}}so his wife won't be able to drive it—and vice versa. A car is not just an American's{{U}} {{U}} 14 {{/U}} {{/U}}, it's a suit of clothes, a haircut, {{U}} {{U}} 15 {{/U}} {{/U}}to the world. Car owners not only select vehicles that reflect this, they also customize them in different ways. They paint the cars{{U}} {{U}} 16 {{/U}} {{/U}}or woodland scenes; they add mirrors and chrome and{{U}} {{U}} 17 {{/U}} {{/U}}; they put shingle all over old school buses and mm them into{{U}} {{U}} 18 {{/U}} {{/U}}. More conventional drivers .satisfy themselves with bumper stickers that reveal their{{U}} {{U}} 19 {{/U}} {{/U}}, political opinions, or{{U}} {{U}} 20 {{/U}} {{/U}}, form "Yale School of Law" to "If you are rich, I am single".

填空题Research studies show that there are some fundamental (1) between men and women in their attitudes to (2) matters. Women are far more likely to save for their children's (3) and to save up to buy a (4) . Men tend to save for a (5) , and for their (6) . But in fact the need for women to save for their old age is far (7) than for men. Throughout the world, women are likely to live many years (8) than men. Furthermore it is the (9) women who will most often have to look after the children and thus they need more (10) to look after not just themselves but others. Women today need to look ahead, think ahead, not wait until they're under (11) . A number of (12) have been set up to help them do this. Some educational institutions offer night (13) in Money (14) . They can be given (15) on different ways of saving. It is usually advised that at least (16) of a person's savings should be in low-risk investments but for the rest, (17) advisors often advise taking some (18) risks. Initiatives such as this can give women the economic (19) and knowledge they need for a comfortable, (20) retirement.

填空题Government in Britain can be divided into national government and 1 The center of government in Britain is Parliament, which 2 for the country about crimes and punishment, taxation, etc. Parliament is made up of the 3 , the House of Lords and the monarch. 4 are in Westminster in London and sometimes "Westminster" itself is used to mean Parliament. The House of Commons, or the Commons, is the 5 of the two Houses. It has 650 elected members, called 6 or MPs, each representing people in a 7 The House of Lords, or the Lords, is the 8 of the two Houses. It has 9 , none of whom is elected These members include: people who have 10 which have been passed down to them 11 ; people who are given titles as a reward for their long 12 , but whose children do not inherit their title; and some important leaders of 13 , such as Archbishops and Bishops. The government 14 to the House of Commons, which are discussed by MPs. The bills then go to 15 to be discussed. The House of Lords can 16 to a bill, but does not have the power to reject it. 17 to the Commons, MPs vote on them and if 18 , they are signed by the monarch and 19 . At present England, Scotland, Wales, and Northern Ireland are all governed by 20 . In Northern Ireland the political parties are different but their MPs still go to the House of Commons.

填空题To prevent thefts and{{U}} (1) {{/U}}in this neighborhood, there are 3 areas residents should notice. First, bicycle. Bring your bike to a police station where a{{U}} (2) {{/U}}number will be{{U}} (3) {{/U}}into the metal of the bike and the police will also{{U}} (4) {{/U}}it on the list. Get a good lock, or two locks. The cheap locks are easy to{{U}} (5) {{/U}}. Remember to lock the bike to something{{U}} (6) {{/U}}. In case of theft, report it immediately. The second topic is{{U}} (7) {{/U}}. For those who live in apartments, make sure you{{U}} (8) {{/U}}the door, even when going out very briefly. Always close and lock the windows and{{U}} (9) {{/U}}and{{U}} (10) {{/U}}the expensive equipment in the room. For those who live in houses, get a good lock and make sure how many people have the front door key—he maid, your good friend or the{{U}} (11) {{/U}}? You had better put a safety-chain on the door so that you can open the door a few{{U}} (12) {{/U}}to see who it is at the door. The third thing is personal{{U}} (13) {{/U}}. Avoid walking by yourself at night, especially on streets that are badly{{U}} (14) {{/U}}. Carry something{{U}} (15) {{/U}}with you, such as a{{U}} (16) {{/U}}. Take a taxi when you go home at night. Or stay at friends' home if a taxi is not available. Don't risk getting a{{U}} (17) {{/U}}from a stranger even if you are a strong male. It may sound{{U}} (18) {{/U}}, but I should say it is very important. It is suggested that you take the{{U}} (19) {{/U}}class offered by the neighborhood committee. Sensible{{U}} (20) {{/U}}can prevent serious problems.

填空题Friendships may not last. Friendships can lose importance and 1 . Some friendships end abruptly 2 . The worst enemy of friendships is change by 3 friends. There is usually pain with the loss of friendship. In fact, friendships end with pain and change. Many people expect that their friends 4 . They expect friendship to last forever. Yet, friendships end and friends 5 company every day. Unfortunately, even the best maintained friendships 6 . Many end because of a change 7 when friends just drift apart and 8 with time. There is a retreat from self-disclosure and seeking out each other"s company. Avoidance begins. The friendship slowly 9 and finally disappears. Bob Carver, Dallas psychotherapist, says, "A friendship or any other relationship fails because of three things: 10 , undelivered communication, and/or thwarted attention." Yet 11 to a friendship is change. For example, moving from single life to coupled life has 12 . Coupled persons often feel their single friends act interested in them only when 13 is not in sight. The single friend may feel 14 and withdraw from a world of twosomes. Divorced and widowed people often have a feeling of being abandoned by old friends. Lillian Rubin in her book " 15 " says, "Thus generally it"s true that friends accept each other 16 they both remain essentially the same as they were when they met, or change in similar directions. If they 17 in different or incompatible ways, the friendship most likely will be lost." Regardless of why, when, or 18 , there is always some pain of loss to assimilate. When nothing can be done to 19 , it is important to grieve and 20 fully. Then move on to enhance another friendship or build entirely new friendships.

填空题 In many cultures, traditional families, that is, married couples with children, {{U}}(1) {{/U}}. Until a decade ago, that was also the case in the United States. But the U.S. Bureau of Census reports people in more than {{U}}(2) {{/U}} now live in some other arrangements. For the first time in history, the number of Americans living alone has {{U}}(3) {{/U}} of historically dominant households—married couples with children. In 1960, 45% of American households {{U}}(4) {{/U}} with children. Today it is less than 25%. In the past 10 years, the number of {{U}}(5) {{/U}} has grown faster than the number of family households. But the {{U}}(6) {{/U}} that the American {{U}}(7) {{/U}}. Although the rate of married-with-children household is still declining, it is declining {{U}}(8) {{/U}} than during the 1960s and 1970s, and married couples with or without children still {{U}}(9) {{/U}} all American households. What really should be noted is actually {{U}}(10) {{/U}} in a lot of the numbers in the past 10 years, compared to the structure of households 20 or 30 years before. And for example, in 1960, if we go back 47 years, {{U}}(11) {{/U}} were married-couple households. The number {{U}}(12) {{/U}} in 1970, and down to 60% in 1980. But then over the past two decades, the rate of decline has slowed down quite a bit: it went down to {{U}}(13) {{/U}} and 52% in 2000. The number of {{U}}(14) {{/U}} is declining for several reasons. More than ever before, men and women are {{U}}(15) {{/U}}. Also the number of {{U}}(16) {{/U}} is growing much faster than the number of married couples. The 2000 census shows that {{U}}(17) {{/U}}. First the aging of the American population and the growing number of both young and old people living alone are the main reasons the average American household {{U}}(18) {{/U}}, just over two and a half people per household. Some sociologists fear that the growing number of one-person households means {{U}}(19) {{/U}}. Others see it as a sign of prosperity and an {{U}}(20) {{/U}}.

填空题 Why should mankind explore space? Perhaps the best reason for exploring space is our built-in {{U}} {{U}} 1 {{/U}} {{/U}}predisposition to expand into all possible parts of space. Culturally nearly every successful civilization has been willing to {{U}} {{U}} 2 {{/U}} {{/U}}. In exploring, {{U}} {{U}} 3 {{/U}} {{/U}}of surrounding areas may be learned and prepared for. Exploration also allows {{U}} {{U}} 4 {{/U}} {{/U}}to be located. These resources translate into {{U}} {{U}} 5 {{/U}} {{/U}}and success at survival. Resources may be more than {{U}} {{U}} 6 {{/U}} {{/U}}assets. Knowledge or {{U}} {{U}} 7 {{/U}} {{/U}}acquired in exploring or preparing to explore always filter from the developers to the general {{U}} {{U}} 8 {{/U}} {{/U}}. Techniques may be {{U}} {{U}} 9 {{/U}} {{/U}}or {{U}} {{U}} 10 {{/U}} {{/U}}, allowing the people in a society to better {{U}} {{U}} 11 {{/U}} {{/U}}those within or outside the culture. Better understanding may lead to better use of resources or a lessening of outright {{U}} {{U}} 12 {{/U}} {{/U}}for the resources. The chance of a large {{U}} {{U}} 13 {{/U}} {{/U}}or comet hitting Earth, though small, will {{U}} {{U}} 14 {{/U}} {{/U}}. Without the ability to reach out across space, the chance to {{U}} {{U}} 15 {{/U}} {{/U}}ourselves might not exist. Our genetic {{U}} {{U}} 16 {{/U}} {{/U}}will allow humans to move into unoccupied parts of space and {{U}} {{U}} 17 {{/U}} {{/U}}. If one group is eliminated, the {{U}} {{U}} 18 {{/U}} {{/U}}as a whole survives. The more a culture expands, the less chance of it becoming {{U}} {{U}} 19 {{/U}} {{/U}}. Space allows us to {{U}} {{U}} 20 {{/U}} {{/U}}.

填空题Americanshavefourprimaryavenuesformakingfriends:atwork,atschool,throughahobbyora{{U}}(1){{/U}}suchasvolunteerworkanddiscussiongroup,orthroughafamilyor{{U}}(2){{/U}}.InAmericanculture,ajobismorethantheworkthatoneperformsbetweenthehoursof9a.m.and{{U}}(3){{/U}}.Workbecomesamajorsocializinginfluence.Manyyoungmotherswho{{U}}(4){{/U}}theirjobstocareforsmallchildrenremarkonthelonelinessoftheirnewlifestylesbecausetheyhavelosttheirforumfor{{U}}(5){{/U}}.AgreatnumberofAmericanemployersrecognizebusinesssocial{{U}}(6){{/U}}anduseittobuildafamilyatmosphereonthejobsothatemployeeswillfeel{{U}}(7){{/U}}intheirworkenvironment.Someemployersarrangecompanyget-togethersintheirhomeorata{{U}}(8){{/U}}.Americancompanieshaveatleastone{{U}}(9){{/U}}annually,usuallyatChristmastime.Manycorporationshave{{U}}(10){{/U}}whereemployeesandadministratorsalikedress{{U}}(11){{/U}}toplaygamessuchasbaseballandvolleyball.TopAmericanadministratorsoftenholdsocialgatherings{{U}}(12){{/U}}.Dependinguponthesizeoftheemployer'shomeandthenumberof{{U}}(13){{/U}}.Thesesocialgatheringsmaybepicnics,poolparties,or{{U}}(14){{/U}}.Ifthecompanyislarge,anemployermayholdwhatAmericanscall{{U}}(15){{/U}}.Foranopenhouse,theemployerwillinvitehisemployeestocometohishome{{U}}(16){{/U}}between1p.m.onacertainday.Thoseinvitedusuallystayfor{{U}}(17){{/U}},chattingwiththeotherguestsandtheirhost.Peoplecomeandgo{{U}}(18){{/U}}duringthedesignatedhours,andthehostkeepsrefreshments,usually{{U}}(19){{/U}}orhorsd'oeuvresandbeverages,availableforallwhocome.Forsuchsocialgatherings,itisconsidered{{U}}(20){{/U}}theinvitationunlessyouhaveanexcellentreason.

填空题 I'll start my {{U}} {{U}} 1 {{/U}} {{/U}}by telling you a story. A young woman from {{U}} {{U}} 2 {{/U}} {{/U}}came to New York and got a job at a factory {{U}} {{U}} 3 {{/U}} {{/U}}by a Chinese. One day, her Chinese boss handed her a red envelope with 20 dollars. She threw the envelope back at her boss. Why? It is {{U}} {{U}} 4 {{/U}} {{/U}}to give money to young {{U}} {{U}} 5 {{/U}} {{/U}}people on the Chinese New Year. However, from her viewpoint, giving her money meant that he was asking her for sexual {{U}} {{U}} 6 {{/U}} {{/U}}. This story shows an action can have totally {{U}} {{U}} 7 {{/U}} {{/U}}meanings in different cultures. I'll say something more to {{U}} {{U}} 8 {{/U}} {{/U}}my point. First, in most Western countries, {{U}} {{U}} 9 {{/U}} {{/U}}often {{U}} {{U}} 10 {{/U}} {{/U}}some sort of {{U}} {{U}} 11 {{/U}} {{/U}}, such as a {{U}} {{U}} 12 {{/U}} {{/U}}or a kiss. But most Asian people don't feel as {{U}} {{U}} 13 {{/U}} {{/U}}touching in public. Another different behavior is the use of {{U}} {{U}} 14 {{/U}} {{/U}}. Americans are quick to use people's first names, but people in most cultures prefer to be {{U}} {{U}} 15 {{/U}} {{/U}}as "Mr. Brown" or "Ms. Honda", for example. Now I want to discuss eating {{U}} {{U}} 16 {{/U}} {{/U}}. In some cultures eating everything on your plate is considered {{U}} {{U}} 17 {{/U}} {{/U}}. However, Americans consider a {{U}} {{U}} 18 {{/U}} {{/U}}plate a sign of {{U}} {{U}} 19 {{/U}} {{/U}}with the food. Finally, I want to say something about gift-giving, which in many cultures has strict rules. For example, never give {{U}} {{U}} 20 {{/U}} {{/U}}flowers to people from Iran, which means you hate them!

填空题When it came to the mobile phone, the Fins were quick off the mark. A large country with a small savvy population is 1 . They sprinted far ahead of the Americans in developing a digital system which became 2 . But it"s difficult to associate Fins with any instrument 3 . The average Fin speaks 4 and uses none of them. But Finnish kids have, and they are the vanguard of the 5 . Before they know how to read they roam the cities like nomadic tribes always in touch, always 6 . Almost a hundred percent of Finnish 18-year-olds have 7 . It"s become such a problem in high schools that 8 are demanding metal detectors at the gates. Remember when jeans and Walkmen were 9 ? Today, it"s your very own personalized ringing tone. Ringing tones that you download 10 . A fashion statement 11 your watch. Finland is the first country in the world to have more mobile phones than 12 . And the phone booth? It"s off the Sutheby"s with the other 13 . But the young leaders of the revolution now use the mobile phone less for talking than for sending 14 . The Fins are doing this so much that last Christmas both 15 crashed. But all this is just the tip of a Finnish iceberg. The mobile phone 16 that little Finnish hand. The way things are going Fins won"t need to carry money or credit cards much longer. Already you can buy a drink or snack 17 . A car wash too. 18 a number and the suds and the brushes start 19 . And when you"ve driven to the driving range in 20 , all you need is to whip our your phone again and buy your balls.

填空题In many cultures, traditional families, that is, married couples with children, 1 . Until a decade ago, that was also the case in the United States. But the U.S. Bureau of Census reports people in more than 2 now live in some other arrangements. For the first time in history, the number of Americans living alone has 3 of historically dominant households—married couples with children. In 1960, 45% of American households 4 with children. Today it is less than 25%. In the past 10 years, the number of 5 has grown faster than the number of family households. But the 6 that the American 7 . Although the rate of married-with-children household is still declining, it is declining 8 than during the 1960s and 1970s, and married couples with or without children still 9 all American households. What really should be noted is actually 10 in a lot of the numbers in the past 10 years, compared to the structure of households 20 or 30 years before. And for example, in 1960, if we go back 47 years, 11 were married-couple households. The number 12 in 1970, and down to 60% in 1980. But then over the past two decades, the rate of decline has slowed down quite a bit: it went down to 13 and 52% in 2000. The number of 14 is declining for several reasons. More than ever before, men and women are 15 . Also the number of 16 is growing much faster than the number of married couples. The 2000 census shows that 17 . First the aging of the American population and the growing number of both young and old people living alone are the main reasons the average American household 18 , just over two and a half people per household. Some sociologists fear that the growing number of one-person households means 19 . Others see it as a sign of prosperity and an 20 .

填空题 If the entire human species were a single individual, that person would long ago have been declared mad. The insanity would not lie in the {{U}}(1) {{/U}} of the human mind—though it can be a black and raging place indeed. And it certainly wouldn't lie in the {{U}}(2) {{/U}}. The madness would lie instead in the fact that both of those qualities, the savage and the splendid, can exist in one creature, one person, {{U}}(3) {{/U}}. We're a species that is capable of almost dumbfounding kindness. We nurse one another, {{U}}(4) {{/U}}, weep for one another. Ever since science taught us how, we willingly tear the {{U}}(5) {{/U}} and give them to one another. And at the same time, we {{U}}(6) {{/U}}. The past 15 years of human history are {{U}}(7) {{/U}} of those subatomic particles that are created in accelerators and {{U}}(8) {{/U}}, but in that fleeting instant, we've visited untold horrors on ourselves. As the {{U}}(9) {{/U}} species the planet has produced, we're also the lowest, cruelest, most blood-drenched species. That's {{U}}(10) {{/U}}. What does, or ought to, separate human beings with other species is our highly developed {{U}}(11) {{/U}}, a primal understanding of good and bad, of right and wrong, of what it means to suffer not only our own pain, but also the pain of others. That quality is {{U}}(12) {{/U}} of what it means to be human. Why it's an essence that so often spoils, no one can say. Morality may be a hard concept to grasp, but {{U}}(13) {{/U}}. Psychologists believe even kids can feel the difference between a matter of morality and one of {{U}}(14) {{/U}} innately. Of course, the fact is that a child will sometimes hit and won't feel particularly bad about it either—unless he's caught. The same is true {{U}}(15) {{/U}} or despots who slaughter. The rules we know, even the ones we intuitively feel, are by no means {{U}}(16) {{/U}}. Where do those intuitions come from? And {{U}}(17) {{/U}} about following where they lead us? Scientists can't yet answer those questions, but that hasn't {{U}}(18) {{/U}}. Brain scans are providing clues. Animal studies are providing more. {{U}}(19) {{/U}} are providing still more. None of this research may make us behave better, not right away at least. But all of it can help us understand ourselves— {{U}}(20) {{/U}} perhaps, but an important one.