问答题We have only to look behind us to get some sense of what may lie ahead. No one looking ahead 20 years possibly could have foreseen the ways in which a single invention, the chip, would transform our world thanks to its applications in personal computers, digital communications and factory robots. Tomorrow's achievements in biotechnology, artificial intelligence or even some still unimagined technology could produce a similar way of dramatic changes. But one thing is certain: information and knowledge will become even more vital, and the people who possess it, whether they work in manufacturing or services, will have the advantages and produce the wealth; computer knowledge will become as basic a requirement as the ability to read and write. The ability to solve problems by applying information instead of performing routine tasks will be valued above all else. If you cast your mind ahead 10 years, information services will be predominant. It will be the way you do your job.

问答题What is "Unity08. com"? What changes will it probably bring to the U.S. political system?

问答题香港特别行政区 香港特别行政区包括香港岛、九龙和新界，总面积1092平方公里。香港自古以来就是中国的领土，1840年鸦片战争以后被英国占领。根据1984年12月19日中英签署的关于香港问题的联合声明，两国政府于1997年7月1日举行了香港政权交接仪式，宣告中国对香港恢复行使主权，从而实现了长期以来中国人民收回香港的共同愿望。与此同时，中华人民共和国香港特别行政区正式成立，《香港特别行政区基本法》也开始实施。 中国政府在香港实行“一国两制”、“港人治港”、“高度自治”的基本方针。“一国两制”就是在中国统一的国家内，内地实行社会主义制度，香港保持原有的资本主义制度和生活方式，50年不变；“港人治港”就是由香港人自主管理香港，中央不派官员到特区政府任职；“高度自治”就是除外交、国防事务由中央政府管理外，香港特别行政区享有充分自主地管理本地区事务的权力，包括行政管理权、立法权、独立的司法权和终审权。 在回归祖国后的17年里，香港犹如一艘高速巨轮勇往直前，顺利地闯过了亚洲金融危机、非典、禽流感的惊涛骇浪。特区政府有效地处理了一系列对香港政治、经济、社会有重大影响的事件和问题，维护了香港的稳定与繁荣。 今天，香港依然是一座魅力四射、充满活力的现代都市，其作为国际上一个金融、贸易、航运中心的地位得到了进一步的加强，被誉为全球“透明度最高、治理得最好、政府干预最少”的范例。我们相信，有伟大祖国作为坚强后盾，香港的未来一定更加美好!

问答题中华文明历来注重社会和谐，强调团结互助。中国人早就提出厂“和为贵”的思想，追求天人和谐、人际和谐、身心和谐，向往“人人相亲，人人平等，天下为公”的理想社会。今天，中国提出构建和谐社会，就是要建设一个民主法治、公平正义、诚信友爱、充满活力、安定有序、人与自然和谐相处的社会，实现物质和精神、民主和法治、公平和效率、活力和秩序的有机统一。中国人民把维护民族团结作为自己义不容辞的职责，把维护国家主权和领土完整作为自己至高无上的使命。一切有利于民族闭结和国家统一的行为，都会得到中国人民真诚的欢迎和拥护。一切有损于民族团结和国家统一的举动，都会遭到中国人民强烈的反对和抗争。

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问答题 The Stock Exchange While there are literally thousands of stocks, the ones bought and sold most actively are usually listed on the New York Stock Exchange(NYSE). This exchange dates back to 1792, when 24 New York City stockbrokers and merchants gathered under a buttonwood tree on Wall Street in Manhattan to make some rules about how buying and selling was to be done. Those rules, known as the Buttonwood Agreement, set in motion the NYSE's unwavering commitment to investors and issuers. With a history of over 200 years, the NYSE has become the world's largest financial market and the leading exchange in the United States. It is the place where America invests its money. Listed on the exchange are more than 3,000 enterprises, including approximately 450 operating companies from 50 different countries. The NYSE, housed in a large building on Wall Street, does the bulk of trading in listed securities. On the trading floor more than 2,200 common and preferred stocks are traded. The NYSE has more than 1,600 members, most of whom represent brokerage houses involved in buying and selling for the public. They buy "seats" on the exchange at considerable expense. They are paid commissions by the buyers and sellers for executing their orders. Almost half a million kilometers of telephone and telegraph wire link the NYSE with brokerage offices around the nation and across the globe. In addition to the NYSE, there are eight other exchanges around the country. The second largest is the American Stock Exchange, which also operates in the same Wall Street area, and in much the same way, but on a smaller scale. How are stocks bought and sold? Suppose a widow in California wants to go on an ocean cruise. To finance the trip she decides to sell 100 shares of her General Motors stock. The widow calls her stockbroker and directs him to sell at once at the best price. The same day an engineer in Florida decides to use the savings he has accumulated to buy 100 shares of General Motors stock. The engineer calls his broker and asks him to buy the stock at the current price. Both brokers wire their orders to the floor of the New York Stock Exchange. The two brokers, one representing the widow and the other the engineer, negotiate the transaction. One asks, "How much do I have to pay for a hundred shares of General Motors?" The highest bid is $65.25 and the least amount for which anyone has offered to sell is $65.75. Both want to get the best price. So they compromise and agree on a buy/sell at $65.50. The New York Stock Exchange itself neither buys nor sells stocks; it simply serves as a mechanism by which brokers buy and sell for their clients. Each transaction is carried out in public and the information is sent electronically to every brokerage office in the nation.

问答题After nearly a year of emotional arguments in Congress but no new federal laws, the national debate over the future of human cloning has shifted to the states. Six states have already banned cloning in one form or another, and this year alone 38 anti-cloning measures were introduced in 22 states. The resulting patchwork of laws, people on all sides of the issue say, complicates a nationwide picture already clouded by scientific and ethical questions over whether and how to restrict cloning or to ban it altogether. Since 1997, when scientists announced the birth of Dolly the sheep, the first cloned mammal, the specter of cloned babies, infants that are in essence genetic carbon copies of adults, has loomed large in the public psyche and in the minds of lawmakers. Today, there is widespread agreement that cloning for reproduction is unsafe and should be banned. Now, the debate has shifted away from the ethics of baby-making and toward the morality of cloning embryos for their cells and tissues, which might be used to treat diseases. The controversy pits religious conservatives and abortion opponents, who regard embryos as nascent human life, against patients' groups, scientists and the biotechnology industry.

问答题Questions 1～3 The most useful bit of the media is disappearing. A cause for concern, but not for panic. "A good newspaper, I suppose, is a nation talking to itself," mused Arthur Miller in 1961. A decade later, two reporters from the Washington Post wrote a series of articles that brought down President Nixon and the status of print journalism soared. At their best, newspapers hold governments and companies to account. They usually set the news agenda for the rest of the media. But in the rich world newspapers are now an endangered species. The business of selling words to readers and selling readers to advertisers, which has sustained their role in society, is falling apart. Of all the "old" media, newspapers have the most to lose from the internet. Circulation has been falling in America, western Europe, Latin America, Australia and New Zealand for decades (elsewhere, sales are rising). But in the past few years the web has hastened the decline. In his book The Vanishing Newspaper, Philip Meyer calculates that the first quarter of 2043 will be the moment when newsprint dies in America as the last exhausted reader tosses aside the last crumpled edition That sort of extrapolation would have produced a harrumph from a Beaverbrook or a Hearst, but even the most cynical news baron could not dismiss the way that ever more young people are getting their news online. Britons aged between 15 and 24 say they spend almost 30% less time reading national newspapers once they start using the web. Advertising is following readers out of the door. The rush is almost unseemly, largely because the internet is a seductive medium that supposedly matches buyers with sellers and proves to advertisers that their money is well spent. Classified ads, in particular, are quickly shifting online. Rupert Murdoch, the Beaverbrook of our age, once described them as the industry"s rivers of gold— but, as he said last year, "Sometimes rivers dry up." In Switzerland and the Netherlands newspapers have lost half their classified advertising to the internet. Newspapers have not yet started to shut down in large numbers, but it is only a matter of time. Over the next few decades half the rich world"s general papers may fold. Jobs are already disappearing. According to the Newspaper Association of America, the number of people employed in the industry fell by 18% between 1990 and 2004. Tumbling shares of listed newspaper firms have prompted fury from investors. In 2005 a group of shareholders in Knight Ridder, the owner of several big American dailies, got the firm to sell its papers and thus end a 114-year history. This year Morgan Stanley, an investment bank, attacked the New York Times Company, the most august journalistic institution of all, because its share price had fallen by nearly half in four years. Having ignored reality for years, newspapers are at last doing something. In order to cut costs, they are already spending less on journalism. Many are also trying to attract younger readers by shifting the mix of their stories towards entertainment, lifestyle and subjects that may seem more relevant to people"s daily lives than international affairs and politics are. They are trying to create new businesses on-and offline. And they are investing in free daily papers, which do not use up any of their meager editorial resources on uncovering political corruption or corporate fraud. So far, this fit of activity looks unlikely to save many of them. Even if it does, it bodes ill for the public role of the Fourth Estate. In future, argues Carnegie, some high-quality journalism will also be backed by non-profit organizations. Already, a few respected news organizations sustain themselves that way—including the Guardian , the Christian Science Monitor and National Public Radio . An elite group of serious newspapers available everywhere online, independent journalism backed by charities, thousands of fired-up bloggers and well-informed citizen journalists: there is every sign that Arthur Miller"s national conversation will be louder than ever.

问答题Some critics believe that the very concept of intellectual property is mistaken. Unlike physical property, ideas are non-rivalrous goods that can be used by many people at the same time without making them any less useful. The term "intellectual property" was widely adopted only in the 1960s, as a way to bundle trademarks, copyrights and patents. Those critics argue that today"s rights are too strict and make the sharing of knowledge too expensive. The paradox about intellectual property in IT and telecommunications is that it eases the exchange of technology and acts as a bottleneck for innovation at the same time. The whole system is in a stage of transformation. "Markets require institutions, and institutions take a long time to develop. Today, the institutions for a "market for technology" are not well developed, and it is costly to use this market," says a specialist. Ideas are to the information age what the physical environment was to the industrial one: the raw material of economic progress. Just as pollution or an irresponsible use of property rights threatens land and climate, so an overly stringent system of intellectual-property rights risks holding back technological progress. Disruptive innovation that threatens the existing order must be encouraged, but the need to protect ideas must not be used as an excuse for greed. Finding the fight balance will test the industry, policymakers and the public in the years ahead.

问答题我们要创造更加良好的政治环境和更加自由的学术氛围，让人民追求真理、崇尚理性、尊重科学，探索自然的奥秘、社会的法则和人生的真谛。做学问、搞科研，尤 其需要倡导“独立之精神，自由之思想”。正因为有了充分的学术自由，像牛顿这样在人类历史上具有伟大影响的科学家，才能够思潮奔腾、才华迸发，敢于思考前 人从未思考过的问题，敢于踏进前人从未涉足的领域。不久前，我同中国科学家交流时提出，要大力营造敢于创造、敢冒风险、敢于批判和宽容失败的环境，鼓励自 由探索，提倡学术争鸣。 我们历来主张尊重世界文明的多样性，倡导不同文明之间的对话、交流与合作。我国已故著名社会学家费孝通先生， 上世纪30年代曾就读于伦敦政治经济学院并获 得博士学位，一生饱经沧桑。他在晚年提出：“各美其美，美人之美，美美与共，世界大同。” 费老先生的这一人生感悟，生动反映了当代中国人开放包容的胸怀。

问答题It is reported that small-sized jellies caused suffocation of a child. In fact, some countries have set up very detailed standards for the size of the jellies and the European Union banned the sale of small-sized jellies last year. China"s related regulations still contain no details on the shape and size of jelly products. Topic: Food security and food quality Questions for Reference: 1. A child died from suffocation after eating jellies. Whose fault is it? 2. What are the lessons for manufacturers and regulations concerning food safety? 3. Generally speaking, what do you think of the food available on the market? What"s your suggestion ?

问答题A hundred years after the Wright brothers" triumph at Kitty Hawk, the European consortium Airbus announced a milestone of its own—surpassing the American aviation giant Boeing in the number of airliners delivered in 2003. Airbus, based in Toulouse, France, is now beating its U.S. rival at its own game of size and distance: The 555- passenger, long-range A380, bigger than any Boeing, is already in production. Airbus"s success should be no surprise. American and France may be sparring diplomatically, but technologically the two nations have had a long love affair. Each has developed outstanding innovations, and each has assiduously exploited the other"s ideas. Even the current U.S. military-industrial hegemony has some decidedly French roots. Sylvanus Thayer graduated from West Point in 1808, spent two years in Europe, and was utterly taken with French military thought and training. When he became superintendent in 1817, Thayer modeled the academy"s demanding technical curriculum and ethic of honor and service after France"s Ecole Polytechnique. Classics on sieges and fortifications by Louis XIV"s engineering genius, Marshal Sebastien Le Prestre de Vauban, were standard texts; studying French was de rigueur. The French connection persisted into the Civil War. The Minie bullet that made that conflict"s rifle-muskets three times as deadly as earlier weapons was originally developed by French officers. In 1885, the French ordnance engineer Paul Vieille introduced smokeless powder. French artillerymen invented the revolutionary hydropneumatic recoil that allows cannons to remain murderously locked on target for shot after shot. And where would the Navy SEALs be without scuba gear, developed in 1943 on the French Riviera by Emile Gagnan and a soon-to-be famous French officer, Jacques Cousteau? Even interchangeable parts, the foundation of America"s mass production," have French roots. The historian of science Ken Alder has shown that a French gunsmith was using such a system as early as the 1720s. By the 1780s, French military officials were introducing uniform jigs and fixtures at arms factories to enforce strict tolerances and ensure deadlier firearms and ordnance. Thomas Jefferson praised the system, and while it fell into disuse in France in the 19th century, U.S. armories embraced it. Related methods became known in Europe as the American System and, later, as Fordism. Speaking of Ford, what could be more American than the automobile? Yet a Frenchman built the first self-propelled vehicle, powered by steam, more than 200 years ago. A hundred years later the French company Panhard introduced the basic architecture that automobiles have followed ever since. Henry Ford"s triumphs depended not just on standardization but on use of strong, rust-resistant vanadium steel, which had impressed him in the wreck of a French racing car. Long before Airbus, the French produced superlative aeronautical engineers. They were the first Europeans to acclaim the Wrights" breakthroughs in aircraft control, and they made key improvements. French inventors, especially Louis Bleriot and Robert Esnault-Pelterie, created the monoplane as we know it, which is why we still speak of fuselages and ailerons. Esnault-Pelterie was also the father of the joystick. Flag-waving Americans may reply that many of France"s own technological triumphs rely on ideas born here. French high-speed trains lead the world today, but as the railroad historian Mark Reutter has shown, the Budd Co. of Philadelphia was already building lightweight, articulated streamliners in the 1930s. And France now gets 75 percent of its electricity from America"s great hope of 50 years ago, nuclear power. Social legislation also helps make France a showplace of other U.S. innovations, vending machines (limited retailing hours) and mass-produced antibiotics (generous health benefits). In fact, the French have so often jettisoned their heritage in favor of novel technology that it sometimes takes Americans to defend it. The Cornell University scholar Steven Kaplan has revived the art of French bread making, and Mother Noella Marcellino, an American Benedictine nun with a Ph. D. in microbiology, has been saving the classic cheese of France from pasteurization—a process invented by the Frenchman Louis Pasteur. It"s pointless to debate who owes more to whom, and far more interesting to rejoice in cross-appropriation. Airbus has many U.S. suppliers, and Boeing will jump ahead sooner or later in the endless technological leapfrog. The last word may belong to the sage perhaps Oscar Wilde—who said, "Talents imitate; geniuses steal. "

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问答题Topic：A Year of Economic Recovery Questions for Reference. 1. Many economists say that the year 2009 was a year of economic recovery for China. What was the goal of the annual GDP growth rate set by the Chinese Government7 2. This recovery was due to the forcefulness of the Chinese government's policies. The best-known and most effective measure is the 4-trillion-yuan stimulus plan. The major investment was put in infrastructure construction. Could you explain what infrastructure means? Name and describe one or two instances of infrastructure construction in 2009. 3. The economic recovery in 2009 has also improved the life of ordinary Chinese people. Say something about how you and your family, or your relatives or friends, have benefited from this economic recovery?

问答题It was a political reality Mr. Obama seemed to recognize the moment he took the stage. He directly confronted the political debate that erupted after the rampage, asking people of all beliefs not to use the tragedy to turn on one another. He called for an end to partisan recriminations, and for a unity that has seemed increasingly elusive as each day has brought more harsh condemnations from the left and the right. It was one of the more powerful addresses that Mr. Obama has delivered as president, harnessing the emotion generated by the shock and loss from Saturday’s shootings to urge Americans “to remind ourselves of all the ways that our hopes and dreams are bound together”.

问答题Since multinationals first started scouring the earth for labor and markets, their interests have always gone beyond those of the nation-state in which they were headquartered. But what is going on today, on the flat earth, is such a difference of degree that it amounts to a difference in kind. Companies have never had more freedom and less friction, in the way of assigning research, low-end manufacturing, and high-end manufacturing anywhere in the world. What this will mean for the long-term relationship between companies and the country in which they are headquartered is simply unclear. The cold, hard truth is that management, shareholders, and investors are largely indifferent to where their profits come from or even where the employment is created. But they do want sustainable companies. Politicians, though, are compelled to stimulate the creation of jobs in a certain place. And residents—whether they are Americans, Europeans, or Indians—want to know that the good jobs are going to stay close at home. The world is getting increasingly flat with the introduction of Internet and other new technologies. This is what happens when you move from a vertical (command and control) world to a much more horizontal (connect and collaborate) flat world. Your boss can do his job and your job. He can give you instructions day or night. So you are never out. You are always in. Therefore, you are always on. Bosses, if they are inclined, can collaborate more directly with more of their staff than even before—no matter who they are or where they are in the hierarchy.

问答题When pastor Ken Baugh announced he'd be devoting eight consecutive Sundays to analyzing The Da Vinci Code in the run-up to its film release, he knew some members of his Southern California megachurch would be skeptical. But Baugh also knew that many of his congregants had read the book and that many more would see the movie. "Dan Brown did the church a favor," Baugh says. "He forced people who call themselves followers of Christ to investigate what that really means. " Baugh is hardly alone. Evangelical leaders have attempted to seize on Brown's success as an opportunity to reinforce the faith of believers and to win new souls. In the three years since the book's release, evangelical writers and thinkers have produced a flurry of books, study guides, and DVDs to counter Dan Brown's fiction. "This movie will be a major cultural phenomenon, so discussions about Jesus and the church will happen," says Robert Johnston, a professor of theology and culture at Fuller Theological Seminary. "The only question is whether the church will be a part of the conversation." Turnabout. To be sure, evangelical leaders have been critical of The Da Vinci Code. "This has all the evidence of something cooked up in the fires of hell," evangelical radio broadcaster James Dobson said on Focus on the Family. It's because the book and film pose such a threat, many evangelicals say, that it warrants a strong response. "We're making the best of a situation that is going to do a lot of damage," says Erwin Lutzer of Chicago's Moody Church and author of The Da Vinci Deception. "When you are faced with a dam that seems to be breaking, you can't prop it up by saying, 'We're going to stand against it.'" It's a remarkable turnabout from the outcry that greeted Martin Scorsese's The Last Temptation of Christ, in 1988, when Campus Crusade for Christ called for a boycott. Rather than boycott The Da Vinci Code, Campus Crusade has retained popular evangelical speaker Josh McDowell, author of The Da Vinci Code: A Quest for Answers, to challenge Brown's assertions. "I don't recommend people go to the movie, but 90 percent of them will," says McDwell. "The guy is a phenomenal writer, and I can't take that away from him." The reaction represents a shift within the evangelical community. "Five years ago, there might have been more of a backlash against this film," says Calvin College Prof. William Romanowski. "But movies like The Passion of the Christ changed attitudes.., evangelicals are now trying to penetrate the mainstream media." Sony Pictures, which is distributing The Da Vinci Code, has created an online forum for religious leaders to discuss the film, the davincidialogue, com. Sony may be betting that even critical comments will generate buzz, but evangelicals say they also stand to benefit. "The real history of Christianity ... is far more complex" than in The Da Vinci Code, writes the Christian Broadcasting Network's Gordon Robertson. "[It's] filled with enough flesh and blood to make it a better story than the one Dan Brown invented. " 4. What is pastor Ken Baugh's attitude towards the novel The Da Vinci Code? What does he mean by saying that "Dan Brown did the church a favor"? 5. Why did the author mention Martin Scorsese's The Last Temptation of Christ? What is the change in the evangelical community's reaction to The Da Vinci Code? 6. Paraphrase the two sentences from the passage: a) "The only question is whether the church will be a part of the conversation. "(para. 2) b) "The guy is a phenomenal writer, and I can't take that away from him. "(para. 4)

问答题我们将坚持社会主义市场经济的改革方向，进一步推动制度创新，不断深化改革，激发全社会的创造活力，增强经济社会发展的内在动力。我们将坚持对外开放的基本国策，建立更加开放的市场体系，在更大范围、更广领域、更高层次上参与国际经济技术合作和竞争。我们将坚持走新型工业化道路，着力调整经济结构和加快转变经济增长方式，提高经济增长的质量和效益，大力发展循环经济，建设资源节约型、环境友好型社会，走生产发展、生活富裕、生态良好的文明发展道路。我们相信，只要坚定不移地走符合中国国情的发展道路，我们就一定能够实现既定的奋斗目标，为维护世界和平、促进共同发展发挥更大的建设性作用。

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