问答题 亚太经济合作组织与中国 亚太经济合作组织(亚太经合组织)成立于1989年11月，是当今亚太地区进行官方合作的一个地区性经济组织。该组织的涪动主要包括三个方面，即贸易投资自由化、商业活动便利化和经济技术合作。这一组织在全球经济活动中具有举足轻重的地位。 亚太经合组织现有成员21个。1991年，中国大陆与香港、台湾地区同时加入该组织。亚太经合组织既为中国参与地区乃至世界经济活动提供了舞台，同时也促进了中国加快对外开放的进程。 参与亚太经合组织对中国的影响是多方面的。首先，有利于扩大中国在地区中的经济利益。亚太地区是中国对外经济利益的主要所在。中国贸易额的80%是与亚太地区国家开展的，90%以上的外资来源于亚太地区国家。借助亚太经合组织，中国可以与其他成员共同致力于亚太地区的共同发展，从而为中国经济、也可为亚太经济的发展作出贡献。 其次，借助这一地区论坛，有利于中国与其他成员进行政策交流。每年一度的领导人非正式聚会，不仅为中国加强与其他成员国的相互了解提供了一个宽松的渠道，更主要的是传递了中国的对外政策，传达中国对外开放与国内改革的信息，有力地促进了中国经济的整体发展。 作为亚太经合组织中的最大发展中国家，中国自1991年加入该组织以来，本着平等互利、协商一致、求同存异、自主自愿的原则，坚持贸易投资自由化与经济技术合作并重的方针，全面参与了亚太经合组织的各项活动，对亚太地区合作进程发挥了积极作用。

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问答题

问答题The Difficulty of Translation Since translating is a skill which requires considerable practice, most people assume that it can be taught, and to some extent this is true. But it is also true that really exceptional translators are born, not made. Potential translators must have a high level of aptitude for the creative use of language, or they are not likely to be outstanding in their profession. Perhaps the greatest benefit from instruction in translating is to become aware of one"s own limitations, something which a translator of Steinbeck"s of Mice and Men into Chinese should have learned. Then he would not have translated English mule-skinner into a Chinese phrase meaning "a person who skins the hide of a mule". For many people the need for human translation seems paradoxical in this age of computers. Some modern computers can be loaded with dictionaries and grammars, why not let computers do the work? Computers can perform certain very simple interlingual tasks, providing there is sufficient pre-editing and post-editing. But neither advertising brochures nor lyric poetry can ever been reduced to the kind of logic required of computer programs. Computer printouts of translations can often be understood, if the persons involved already know what the text is supposed to say. But the results of machine translating are usually in an unnatural form of language and sometimes just plain weird. Furthermore, real improvements will not come from merely doctoring the program or adding rules. The human brain is not only digital and analogic, but it also has a built-in system of values which gives it a componentially incalculable advantage over machines. Human translators will always be necessary for any text that is stylistically appealing and semantically complex—which includes most of what is worth communicating in another language. The most difficult texts to translate are not, however, highly literary productions, but rather those texts which say nothing, the type of language often used by politicians and delegates to international forums. In fact, a group of professional translators at the United Nations headquarters in New York City have insisted that the most difficult text to translate is one in which the speaker or writer has attempted to say nothing. The next most difficult type of text is one filled with irony and sarcasm, since in a written text the paralinguistic clues to the meaning are usually much more difficult to detect than when someone is speaking. And perhaps the third most difficult type of text is a book or article on translating in which the illustrative examples rarely match. Some people imagine that the greatest problem in translating is to find the right words and constructions in the receptor or target language. On the contrary, the most difficult task for the translator is to understand thoroughly the designative and associative meanings of the text to be translated. This involves not only knowing the meanings of the words and the syntactic relations, but also being sensitive to all the nuances of the stylist device. As one struggling translator summed up his problem, "if I really understood what the text means, I could easily translate it."

问答题{{B}}Sectence Translation{{/B}}{{B}}Directions:{{/B}} In this part of the test, you will hear 5 sentences in English. You will hear the sentences {{B}}ONLY ONCE.{{/B}} After you have heard each sentence, translate it into Chinese and write your version in the corresponding space in your {{B}}ANSWER BOOKLET.{{/B}}

问答题糊涂一词在字典中的定义是：愚蠢的，傻的，荒谬的。我知道很多人都不想被人看作愚笨。所以他们在生活中始终一脸严肃，而这在本质上才是真正的愚笨。人无完人，我重申一次：没有人是完美的。我不在乎一个人学识多深，身材多好，外表多美，思想多浅薄，生活多俭朴，多富有，等等……人无完人!那么，为什么要伪装成我们实际上本不是的呢?人生何其短暂……你不会知道这美好的征程何时会结束。那么，为什么要浪费一分一秒，让自己变得棱角分明?这里引用索萨(Souza)的话，我觉得她一语中的，是人生的一大秘方：“跳舞吧，就像没有人欣赏一样；去爱吧，就像没有受到伤害一样；唱歌吧，就像没有人倾听一样；生活吧，就像今天是最后一天一样。”

问答题一天王安经过一棵大树时，突然有一只小麻雀掉在地上。他决定把它带回去喂养。走到家门口，突然想起妈妈不允许他在家里养小动物，他悄悄地把小麻雀放在门后，急忙走进屋去，在他的 哀求下妈妈破例答应了儿子。 　　王安兴冲冲跑到门后，不料小麻雀不见了，一只黑猫在擦拭嘴巴。王安为此伤心了很久。从此，他吸取了一个很大的教训：只要自己认定的事情， 决不可优柔寡断， 犹豫不决自然可以减少犯错的可能性， 但也会因此而失去成功的机遇。

问答题A major source of anxiety about the future of the family is rooted not so much in reality as in the tension between the idealized expectation in the culture and the reality itself. Nostalgia for a lost family tradition, which, in fact, never existed, has prejudiced our understanding of the conditions of families in contemporary society. Thus, the current anxiety over the fate of the family reflects not only problems in the family but also a variety of fears about other social problems that are eventually projected onto the family. The real problems facing American families today are not symptoms of breakdown as is often suggested; rather, they reflect the difficulties of adaptation to recent social changes, particularly to the loss of diversity in household membership, to the reduction of the variety of family functions and, to some extent, to the weakening of the family adaptability. The idealization of the family as a refuge from the world and the myth that the work of mothers is harmful has added considerable strain. The continuous emphasis on the family as a universal private retreat and as an emotional haven is misguided in light of historical experience.

问答题Globally, alcohol consumption has increased in recent decades, with all or most of that increase in developing countries. This increase is often occurring in countries with few methods of prevention, control or treatment. The rise in alcohol consumption in developing countries provides ample cause for concern over the possible rise in alcohol related problems in those regions of the world. There is increasing evidence that besides volume of alcohol, the pattern of the drinking is relevant for the health outcomes. Overall, there is a causal relationship between alcohol consumption and more than 60 types of disease and injury. Worldwide alcohol costs 2.5 million death, 3.8% of total. The burden is not equally distributed among all the countries.

问答题A good education may be priceless, but in America it is far from cheap—and it is not getting any cheaper. On February 1 st Congress narrowly passed the Deficit Reduction Act, which aims to slim America"s bulging budget deficit by, among other things, lopping $12.7 billion off the federal student-loan programme. Interest rates on student loans will rise while subsidies fall. Family incomes, grant aid and federal loans have all failed to keep pace with the growth in the cost of tuition. "The funding gap between what students can afford and what higher education costs has got wider and wider," says Claire Mezzanotte of Fitch, a ratings agency. Lenders are rushing to bridge the gap with "private" student loans-loans that are free of government subsidies and guarantees. Virtually non-existent ten years ago, private student loans in the 2004-2005 school year amounted to $13. g billion—a compound annual growth rate of almost 30%—and they are expected to double in the next three years. According to the College Board, an association of schools and colleges, private student loans now make up nearly 22% of the volume of federal student loans, up from a mere 5% in 1994-1995. The growth shows little sign of slowing. Education costs continue to climb while pressure on Congress to pare down the budget deficit means federal aid will, at best, stay at current levels. Meanwhile, the number of students attending colleges and trade schools is expected to soar as the children of post-war baby-boomers continue matriculating. Private student loans are popular with lenders because they are profitable. Lenders charge market rates for the loans (the rates on federal student loans are capped) before adding up-front fees, which can themselves the around 6%-7% of the loan. Sallie Mae, a student-loan company and by far the biggest dispenser of private student loans, disclosed in its most recent report that the average spread on its private student lending was 4.75% , more than three times the 1.31% it made on its federally backed loans. All of this is good news when lenders are hungry for new areas of growth in the face of a cooling mortgage market. Private student loans, says Matthew Matthew of Friedman, Billings, Ramsey, an investment bank, are probably "the fastest-growing segment of consumer finance—and by far the most profitable one—at a time when finding asset growth is challenging." Last December J.P. Morgan, which already had a sizeable education-finance unit, snapped up Collegiate Funding services, a Virginia-based provider of federal and private student loans. Companies from Bank of America m GMAC, the financing arm of General Motors, have jumped in. Other consumer-finance companies, such as Capital one, are whispered to be eyeing the market. The road ahead will not be free of bumps. Jack Kopnisky, the chief executive of First Marblehead, a provider of services for companies offering private student loans, likens the business to credit cards. They too saw an influx of competition when margins were fat, only for them to be consolidated into a handful of dominant lenders during the 1990s. "Private student loans, too," says Mr Kopnisky, "are a scale business. Smaller lenders will have a tough time." That may be why Washington Mutual decided to get out of the student—loan business earlier this year. The market is, after all, relatively new and untested. Students are high-risk borrowers. They have short credit histories and big piles of debt. The College Board estimates that at four-year public colleges, students graduate with (on average) $15,500 of debt; those at private colleges leave school $19,400 in tile red. Who knows how they will fare when interest rates rise, or if the economy slows? The question is all the more urgent because the growth in private student loans has come through a shift from lending to the top tier of students, often graduate students at elite schools, to a wider and riskier group at community colleges, trade schools and the like. Moving to the mass market is how the credit-card business exploded in volume. Private lenders to students need to work out how to avoid imploding in harder times.

问答题For years, many Asian-Americans have been convinced that it's harder for them to gain admission to the nation's top colleges. Studies show that Asian-Americans meet these colleges' admissions standards far out of proportion to their 6 percent representation in the U.S. population, and that they often need test scores hundreds of points higher than applicants from other ethnic groups to have an equal chance of admission. Critics say these numbers, along with the fact that some top colleges with race-blind admissions have double the Asian percentage of Ivy League schools, prove the existence of discrimination. 　　The way it works, the critics believe, is that Asian-Americans are evaluated not as individuals, but against the thousands of other ultra-achieving Asians who are stereotyped as boring academic robots. 　　Of course, not all Asian-Americans fit this stereotype. They are not always obedient hard workers who get top marks. Their economic status, ancestral countries and customs vary. But compared with American society in general, Asian-Americans have developed a much stronger emphasis on intense academic preparation as a path to a handful of the very best schools.

问答题我们认识到，改革是一场深刻的革命，涉及重大利益关系调整，涉及各方面体制机制完善。中国改革已进入攻坚期和深水区。这是因为，当前改革需要解决的问题格外艰巨，都是难啃的硬骨头，这个时候就要一鼓作气，瞻前顾后、畏葸不前不仅不能前进，而且可能前功尽弃。 中国是一个大国，决不能在根本性问题上出现颠覆性错误，一旦出现就无法挽回、无法弥补。我们的立场是胆子要大、步子要稳，既要大胆探索、勇于开拓，也要稳 妥审慎、三思而后行。我们要坚持改革开放正确方向，敢于啃硬骨头，敢于涉险滩，敢于向积存多年的顽瘴痼疾开刀，切实做到改革不停顿、开放不止步。

问答题Whole generations are growing up addicted to television. Food is left uneaten, homework undone and sleep is lost. Television is a universal pacifier. It is now standard practice for mother to keep the children quiet by putting them in the living room and turning on the set. It doesn't matter that the children watch rubbishy commercials or spectacles of sadism and violence—as long as they are quiet. There is a limit to the amount of creative talent available in the world. Everyday, television consumes vast quantities of creative work. That is why most of the programs are so bad; it is impossible to keep pace with the demand and maintain high standards as well. When millions watch the same programs, the whole world becomes a village, and society is reduced to the conditions which obtain in preliterate communities. We become utterly dependent on the two most primitive media of communication, pictures and the spoken word.

问答题Directions: In this part of the test, you will hear 5 English sentences. You will hear the sentences ONLY ONCE. After you have heard each sentence, translate it into Chinese and write your version in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.

问答题[此试题无题干]

问答题Americans are much more likely than citizens of other nations to believe that they live in a meritocracy. But this self-image is a fantasy: as a report in The Times last week pointed out, America actually stands out as the advanced country in which it matters most who your parents were, the country in which those born on one of society"s lower rungs have the least chance of climbing to the top or even to the middle. And if you ask why America is more class-bound in practice than the rest of the western world, a large part of the reason is that our government falls down on the job of creating equal opportunity. The failure starts early: in America, the holes in the social safety net mean that both low-income mothers and their children are all too likely to suffer from poor nutrition and receive inadequate health care. It continues once children reach school age, where they encounter a system in which the affluent send their kids to good, well-financed public schools or, if they choose, to private schools, while less-advantaged children get a far worse education. Once they reach college age, those who come from disadvantaged backgrounds are far less likely to go to college—and vastly less likely to go to a top-tier school—than those luckier in their parentage. At the most selective, "tier 1" schools. 74 percent of the entering class comes from the quarter of households that have the highest "socioeconomic status"; only 3 percent comes from the bottom quarter. And if children from our society"s lower rungs do manage to make it into a good college, the lack of financial support makes them far more likely to drop out than the children of the affluent, even if they have as much or more native ability. One long-term study by the department of education found that students with high test scores but low-income parents were less likely to complete college than students with low scores but affluent parents—loosely speaking, that smart poor kids are less likely than dumb rich kids to get a degree. It"s no wonder, then, that Horatio Alger stories, tales of poor kids who make good, are much less common in reality than they are in legend—and much less common in America than they are in Canada or Europe. Which brings me back to those who claim to believe in equality of opportunity. Where is the evidence for that claim? Think about it: someone who really wanted equal opportunity would be very concerned about the inequality of our current system. He would support more nutritional aid for low-income mothers-to-be and young children. He would try to improve the quality of public schools. He would support aid to low-income college students. And he would support what every other advanced country has, a universal health care system, so that nobody need worry about untreated illness or crushing medical bills.

问答题Topic: Will petty criminals get light punishment? Questions for Reference： 1. A new prosecution guideline was recently released: people convicted of petty crimes may get light punishment if they are minors, the elderly people, and people who have slightly breached the law because of poverty. What do you think of this new law? 2. This new law is said to be a humane practice and it will help them put their lives back in order and better serve their families. Do you think it can achieve its end? 3. Some people think that if petty crimes are not punished in a timely way, more serious consequences will follow. What do you think of this argument?

问答题Help! I Can"t Cope A friend who had lived in New York during the 1970s was recently here for a brief visit. I asked him what, in this ever- changing city. he found to be most startlingly changed. He thought for a moment before answering. "Probably the visible increase in prostitution," he replied. My astonishment at this comment was so palpable that he felt obliged to explain. "Haven"t you noticed," he asked with surprise, "all these young women standing furtively in doorways? You never used to see that when I was here." I couldn"t resist my laughter. "They"re not prostitutes," I clarified. "They"re smokers." For indeed they are. Most American office buildings no longer allow smoking on the premises, driving those who can"t resist the urge onto the streets. The sight of them, lounging on "coffee breaks" near the entrances to their workplace, puffing away, has become ubiquitous. Since most new smokers apparently are women, my friend"s confusion was understandable. And there are more than ever since September 11. Stress is probably better measured anecdotally than statistically. I"m not aware of surveys on this matter, but anyone living in New York these days has stories of friends who, amid the scares of 9-11 and its aftermath, have sought solace in cigarettes. I used to go to a gym in the Metlife Building over Grand Central Terminal. Some days so many people stood outside, tensely smoking, that I assumed an evacuation had just been ordered. At least three friends who"d given up tobacco have lapsed back into the habit, claiming they couldn"t calm their nerves any other way. Others have increased their previously reduced intakes. Some, in their quest for a crutch, have begun smoking for the first time. In modern Manhattan the frantic puff has become the preferred alternative to the silent scream. New Yorkers, of course, are coping in more imaginative ways, as well. A friend swears he knows someone who has stashed a canoe in his closet in case he needs to escape Manhattan by river. Another says he has moved a heavy objet d"art into his office so that he can smash the window if a firebomb makes the elevator or the staircase impassable. A women working on one of the lowers of her office building has acquired a rope long enough to lower herself to the ground; one who works at the top of a skyscraper tells me she"s looking into the purchase of a parachute. Still others have stocked up on such items of antiterrorist chic as flame-retardant ponchos, anthrax-antidote antibiotics and heavy-duty gas masks. Recent polls indicate that American women are more stressed than men. Over 50 percent in one national survey of 1,000 adults admitted to being "very" or "somewhat" worried in the wake of the terrorist assaults. The anthrax scare may have receded. But recent incidents, from the airplane crash in New York Borough of Queens to the arrest of the London "shoe-bomber" to rumors of suitcase nukes, seem to have had permanently unsettling effects. Take food. A surprising number of people are apparently unable to touch their plates. Others are eating too much, seeking reassurance in "comfort food." Given the alternatives, smoking seems a reasonable refuge; after all, the long-term threat of cancer seems far more remote these days than the prospect of explosive incineration.

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