问答题中华文明历来注重亲仁善邻，讲求和睦相处。中国人在对外关系中始终秉承“强不凌弱”、“富不侮贫”的精神，主张“协和万邦”。中国人提倡“海纳百川，有容乃大”，主张吸纳百家优长、兼集八方精义。 今天，中国坚定不移地走和平发展道路，既通过维护世界和平来发展自己，又通过自身的发展来促进世界和平。中国坚持实施互利共赢的对外开放战略，真诚愿意同各国广泛开展合作，真诚愿意兼收并蓄、博采各种文明之长，以合作谋和平、以合作促发展，推动建设一个持久和平、共同繁荣的和谐世界。

问答题行路难，但人生之路谁都要走。有的人在赶路，心急切切，步急匆匆，眼中只有目标却忽略了风景，可路迢迢不知哪是终点。有的人如游客，不急不慌，走走停停，看花开花落，看云卷云舒。有时也在风中走，雨中行，心却像张开的网，放过焦躁苦恼。人生之路谁不走?只是走路时别忽略了一路的良辰美景。 一个人工作的地方是小的，居住的家是小的，社交的圈子是小的，有的人就越来越不满这缺乏 变化的单调。有的人却总是怡然自得，随遇而安。世界浩渺，一个人只能居于一隅。比海洋大的是天空，比天空大的是心灵，因为这小小的心灵内住着一只时起时落的想象鸟。人生旅途上，有人背负着名利急急奔走，有人回归自然，飘逸而行。

问答题European countries are buffeted by two global forces: One is climate change. The other is demography. Both prevalent pressures silently transform societies and the assumptions of public policy. The two have a lot in common. Both are easily recognized but less easily understood. Both are products of complex forces and unobtrusive influences. Both create huge effects from minuscule changes. A rise in global temperature by one degree or a fall in fertility by one point may sound trivial but, over 100 years, will make the earth unbearably hot, or reshape the size and composition of societies. Yet though every rich country has a climate-change policy, few have a population one (there are historical reasons for that). And just as everyone whinges about the weather, but does nothing about it, so everyone in Europe complains, but does nothing, about population. Received opinion holds that "demography is destiny" and that Europe is doomed by its death-spiral population numbers. American observers argue that Europe is fast becoming a barren, ageing, enfeebled place. Vast numbers of old people, they reckon, will be looked after, or neglected, by too few economically active adults, supplemented by restless crowds of migrants. The combination of low fertility, longer life and mass immigration will put intolerable pressure on public health, pensions and social services, probably leading to upheaval.

问答题 The greatest danger to our future is apathy. We cannot expect those living in poverty and ignorance to worry about saving the world. For those of us able to read this magazine, it is different. We can do something to preserve our planet. You may be overcome, however, by feelings of helplessness. You are just one person in a world of 6 billion. How can your actions make a difference? Best, you say, to leave it to decision makers. And so you do nothing. Can we overcome apathy? Yes, but only if we have hope. One reason for hope lies in the extraordinary nature of human intellectual accomplishment. A hundred years ago, the idea of a 747, of a man on the moon, of the Internet remained in the realm of science fiction. Yet we have seen those things and much, much more. So, now that we have finally faced up to the terrible damage we have inflicted on our environment, our ingenuity is working overtime to find technological solutions. But technology alone is not enough. We must engage with our hearts also. And it's happening around the world. Even companies once known only for profits and pollution are having a change of heart. Conoco, the energy company, worked with the Jane Goodall Institute (J. G. I. ) in Congo to build a sanctuary for orphaned chimpanzees. I formed this partnership when I realized that Conoco, during its exploration, used state-of-the-art practices designed to have the least possible impact on the environment. Many other companies are working on clean forms of energy, organic farming methods, less wasteful irrigation and so on. Another reason for hope is the resilience of nature—if it is given a helping hand. Fifteen years ago, the forests outside Gombe National Park in Tanzania had been virtually eliminated. More people lived there than the land could support. J. G. I. initiated the Lake Tanganyika Catchment Reforestation and Education Project (TACARE), a program active in 33 villages around the park. Today people improve their lives through environmentally sustainable projects, such as tree nurseries and wood lots. We provide health care, family-planning and education programs, especially for women. As their education increases, their family size tends to drop. While pollution still plagues much of the world, progress is being made. This May in Sudbury, Ont., I saw new forests that were recolonizing hills destroyed by 100 years of nickel mining. The community raised the money and worked for months spreading lime and planting vegetation on the blackened rock. I released the first brook trout into a once poisoned creek there. Animal species on the brink of extinction can be given a second chance through protection and captive breeding—even if preserving a habitat conflicts with economic interests. A company in Taiwan, China planned to build a rapid-transit line right through the only major remaining breeding ground of the rare pheasant-tailed jacana. There was an outcry, but it was the only economically viable route. Environmentalists worked with the company to come up with a solution—moving the breeding ground. Water was diverted back into nearby wetlands that had been drained by farmers, and suitable vegetation was replanted. In 2000 five birds hatched in their new home, and when I visited there the next year, even more birds had moved to the site. I derive the most hope from the energy and hard work of young people. Roots & Shoots, J. G. I. 's program for youth from preschool through university, is now active in 70 countries. The name is symbolic: roots and shoots together can break up brick walls, just as citizens of Earth together can overcome our problems. The more than 4,000 groups of young people are cleaning creeks, restoring prairies and wetlands, planting trees, clearing trash, recycling—and making their voices heard. We have huge power, we of the affluent societies, we who are causing the most environmental damage. For we are the consumers. We do not have to buy products from companies with bad environmental policies. To help us, the Internet is linking small grassroots movements so that people who once felt they were on their own can contact others with the same concerns. I feel deep shame when I look into the eyes of my grandchildren and think how much damage has been done to Planet Earth since I was their age. Each of us must work as hard as we can now to heal the hurts and save what is left.

问答题{{B}}Sectence Translation{{/B}} Directions: In this part of the test, you will hear 5 sentences in English. You will hear the sentences ONLY ONCE. After you have heard each sentence, translate it into Chinese and write your version in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.

问答题坚持节约资源和保护环境的基本国策，关系到人民群众的切身利益和中华民族的生存发展。必须把建设资源节约型、环境友好型社会放在工业化、现代化发展战略的突出位置。必须开发和推广节约、替代、循环利用和治理污染的先进适用技术，发展清洁能源和可再生能源，保护土地和水资源，建设科学合理的能源资源利用体系，提高能源资源利用效率。发展环保产业，加大节能环保投人，重点加强水、大气、土壤等污染防治，改善城乡人居环境。加强水利、林业、草原建设，加强荒漠化石漠化治理，促进生态修复。加强应对气候变化能力建设，为保护全球气候做出新贡献。

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问答题 The easiest way to start an academic brawl is to ask what an educated person should know. The last time Harvard University tackled that question was in 1978, when it established its Core Curriculum, which focused less on content than on mastering ways of thinking. Like Harvard's so-called Red Book standards of 1945, which helped inspire a generation of distribution requirements, the core had broad resonance at other major universities. Now, after a four-year process initiated under controversial former president Lawrence Summers, the nation's most famous university has come up with a whole new set of guidelines that proponents say will help clarify how liberal-arts subjects like philosophy and art history shed light on the hurly-burly of more quotidian topics. "Students will be more motivated to learn if they see a connection with the kinds of problems, issues and questions they will encounter in later life," says interim president Derek Bok. Harvard isn't the only institution rethinking what and how to teach its students. Yale, Rutgers and the universities of Pennsylvania and Texas have recently made similar changes, and now that Harvard has joined the club, others are likely to follow. Harvard's new curriculum establishes eight primary subject areas that all students will have to take. The categories include Societies of the World, encompassing subjects like anthropology and international relations; Ethical Reasoning, a practical approach to philosophy; and the United States in the World, which will likely span multiple departments, including sociology and economics. The plan, which is expected to be formally approved by the faculty in May, won't go into effect before September 2009 at the earliest. But the school is already preemptively dismissing charges that it is embracing purely practical knowledge. "We do not propose that we teach the headlines," said a report published on Feb. 7 by the curriculum committee, comprising professors, students and a dean. "Only that the headlines, along with much else in our students' lives, are among the things that a liberal education can help students make better sense of." One point likely to raise eyebrows among academic traditionalists is the rationale for the newly mandated study of Empirical Reasoning, which will cover math, logic and statistics. It is being added, the committee report says, because graduates of Harvard "will have to decide, for example, what medical treatments to undergo, when a defendant in court has been proven guilty, whether to support a policy proposal and how to manage their personal finances". Does this mean balancing a checkbook is on a par with balancing equations? What about learning for learning's sake? What about the study of history, which Harvard will no longer require, even though its recently announced new president, Drew Gilpin Faust—the first woman to head the institution—is a renowned historian? The plan's advocates say the curriculum is flexible enough that students will still be able to take courses in whatever interests them, be it ancient art or cutting-edge science. What's crucial, they say, is that the new approach emphasizes the kind of active learning that gets students thinking and applying knowledge. "Just as one doesn't become a marathon runner by reading about the Boston Marathon," says the committee report, "so, too, one doesn't become a good problem solver by listening to lectures or reading about statistics." Acknowledging how important extracurricular activities have become on campus, the report calls for a stronger link between the endeavors students pursue inside and outside the classroom. Those studying poverty, for example, absorb more if they also volunteer at a homeless shelter, suggests Bok, whose 2005 book, Our Underachieving Colleges, cites a finding that students remember just 20% of the content of class lectures a week later. There were, however, some contemporary concerns that didn't make the final cut. In October, before finalizing its recommendations, the committee proposed mandating the study of "reason and faith". That drew sharp criticism from faculty members like psychology professor Steven Pinker. "The juxtaposition of the two words makes it sound like 'faith' and 'reason' are parallel and equivalent ways of knowing," he wrote in the Harvard Crimson. "But universities are about reason, pure and simple." Though 71% of incoming students say they attend religious services and many already elect to study religion, the committee gave in, ultimately substituting a "culture and belief" requirement. It turned out to be more practical.

问答题On Nov. 21, power company executives from all over the country gathered in the Pit, a spacious General Electric auditorium in Crotonville, N. Y. , to meet with GE CEO Jeffrey R. Immelt and his team. The day was overcast and cold, but the discussion was about the warming climate. At one point in the meeting, David J. Slump, GE Energy"s chief marketing executive, asked for an informal vote. How many of the 30 or so utility and GE business executives thought that, once President George W. Bush was no longer in office, the U. S. would impose mandatory curbs on the emissions of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases linked to global warming? Four out of five of them agreed. "Forget the science debate," says Cinergy Corp. CEO James E. Rogers, who was at the meeting. "The regulations will change someday. And if we"re not ready, we"re in trouble." The world is changing faster than anyone expected. Not only is the earth warming, bringing more intense storms and causing Arctic ice to vanish, but the political and policy landscape is being transformed even more dramatically. Already, certain industries are facing mandatory limits emissions of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases in some of the 129 countries that have signed the Kyoto Protocol. This month representatives of those nations are gathering in Montreal to develop post-Kyoto plans. Meanwhile, U. S. cities and states are rushing to impose their own regulations. A surprising number of companies in old industries such as oil and materials as well as high tech are preparing for this profoundly altered world. They are moving swiftly to measure and slash their greenhouse gas emissions. And they are doing it despite the Bush Administration"s opposition to mandatory curbs. This change isn"t being driven by any sudden boardroom conversion to environmentalism. It"s all about hard-nosed business calculations. "If we stonewall this thing to five years out, all of a sudden the cost to us and ultimately to our consumers can be gigantic," warns Rogers, who will manage 20 coal-fired power plants if Cinergy"s pending merger with Duke Energy is completed next year. One new twist in the whole discussion of global warming is the arrival of a corps of sharp penciled financiers. Bankers, insurers, and institutional investors have begun to tally the trillions of dollars in financial risks that climate change poses. They are now demanding that companies in which they hold stakes (or insure) add up risks related to climate change and alter their business plans accordingly. For utilities like Cinergy that could mean switching billions in planned investments from the usual coal-fired power plants to new, cleaner facilities. The pressure is forcing more players to wrestle with environmental risks, even if the coming regulations aren"t right around the corner. As the debate over climate change shifts from scientific data t6 business-speak such as "efficiency investment" and "material risk," CEOs are suddenly understanding why climate change is important. "It doesn"t matter whether carbon emission reductions are mandated or not," explains David Struhs, vice-president of environmental affairs at International Paper Co. "Everything we" re doing makes sense to our shareholders and to our board, regardless of what direction the government takes." The nation"s biggest paper company, with $25.5 billion in sales, IP has upped its use of wood waste to 20% of its fuel mix, from 13% in 2002. That"s cut both net CO 2 output and energy costs.

问答题Dell says the problem is that it dropped prices too much. But deeper, more threatening forces are also now at play. The first is the resurgence of rivals, which have caught up with Dell's low price model. By driving prices down, Dell has unintentionally cut costs for its rivals too. "The supply chain has become as standardized as the components—the money has been wrung out," explains an expert. Dell, by not working through retail outlets, is still more efficient, but the cost benefits that this once brought have been whittled away. The second factor hurting Dell is that growth in the computer business is coming from the consumer market and emerging countries rather than the corporate market, in which Dell sells around 85% of its machines. Increasing sales to consumers is difficult for Dell because individuals tend to want to see and touch computers before buying them. They also like to be able to return the machine easily if it breaks. Dell's tack of retail presence, once ballyhooed as a benefit, has turned into grave disadvantage. A third problem facing Dell is its exclusive use of Intel chips rather than lower-priced ones made by Intel's sworn rivals, AMD. This arrangement lets Dell buy chips inexpensively and benefit from Intel's generous co-marketing programmes. But it has started to harm Dell's sales for higher margin computer servers.

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问答题自信就是力量——吸引人、说服人、影响人并取得成功的力量。设想一下，如果你充满自信，你的生活会是怎样一番景象! 自信并非来自遗传，是需要后天学习的。这就意味着，你也可以充满自信。从现在、从这里开始。 自信首先从想法开始。你怎么样看待自己，很大程度影响了你觉得自己怎样。转而也影响了你说话、做事的方式。 没有你的同意，谁也无法将你看低一等。 充满自信的第一步是要开始自信地看待自己。注意自己的内心对话，注意你什么时候让消极和怀疑控制了自己的思想。 你周围的环境对你有着莫大的影响。你读的书，和你待在一起的人，你听的音乐都对你的思维方式、对自己的感觉以及对世界的看法产生影响。

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问答题Third-generation corn farmer Paul Siegel says working the land will always be his true love. "There's nothing like planting a seed, nurturing it and harvesting it," says the owner of Siegel's Cottonwood Farms in Crest Hill, Ill , near Chicago. ]gut Siegel admits that it is his annual Pumpkin Fest that keeps his farm afloat. Started in 1990, with a pumpkin patch and hayrides, Siegel's fall festival has mushroomed into a full-fledged theme park complete with haunted barns, a petting zoo, a 10-acre corn maze and snacks Such as smoked turkey legs, kettle corn and funnel cake. The festival attracts more than 30,000 visitors each fall and brings in three times the revenue of Siegel's 400 acres of corn, soybean and grain crops. "I still get to plant in the spring and harvest in the fall," says Siegel, "but I have four kids to feed and send to college. We have to make it." For Gia Wilson, 31, who visited the farm with her husband and kids, ages 2 and 5, on a recent Sunday, Cottonwood Farms is just good, old-fashioned fun. "The idea of being outdoors, the animals, the nature—except. for reading about it in storybooks or seeing pictures, this isn't something the kids would get to experience," she says. Such enthusiasm has helped thousands of farmers like Siegel to thrive in the growing business of agricultural tourism. At a time when profit margins for crops have been slashed razor thin by rising costs, "you have to consider agritainment," says Kay Hollabaugh, president of the North American Farmers Direct Marketing Association. An estimated 62 million people visited farms in 2001, the latest figures available. Annual agritourism revenues range from $20 million in Vermont to $ 200 million in New York. In Hawaii, revenues rose 30%, to $34 million, from 2000 to 2003. Although there are a few Christmas attractions, such as reindeer and sleigh rides on tree farms, the weeks leading up to Halloween and Thanksgiving are the peak season for agritourism, especially in the Midwest, where the phenomenon is booming. Young's Jersey Dairy in Yellow Springs, Ohio, attracts more than 1.4 million visitors a year to its dairy farm, which also offers baseball batting cages, a miniature-golf course and homemade ice cream. Eckert's Country Farm ＆ Stores, near St. Louis, Mo. brings in $10 million annually, about 80% of the farm's revenues, from its restaurants, bakery and gift shop, according to family member and agritourism consultant Jane Eckert. To help notoriously private farmers make the transition to the entertainment business, several states have established agritourism offices. This year Pennsylvania created a $150 million fund to provide low-interest loans and grants to farmers hoping to go into agritainment. The state also launched a guide for tourists at blueribbon passport, com. In North Carolina this past summer, with the help of the state agritourism office, Pam Griffin turned a former tobacco field in Fuquay-Varina, 15 miles southwest of Raleigh, into a corn maze shaped like NASCAR driver Scott Riggs' car. Griffin and her husband John had never grown corn before, but she decided to learn because she did not want the land that John's family has owned for five generations to lie fallow. "We don't want to grow houses. We want to grow crops," says Griffin, who says she spent around $ 30,000 on the maze, which had drawn about 2,000 visitors by mid-October. Griffin did have some setbacks, including an earworm infestation that required spraying. And even though she hasn't yet turned a profit, she hopes to next year. "People will pay to be entertained," she says. While most tourists visit farms for a taste of country life, often the experience is not entirely authentic. Bates Nut Farm in Valley Center, Calif., which gets more than 10,000 visitors on weekends in October, doesn't actually grow any nut trees but sells more than a dozen varieties of nuts that it buys from around the world. The farm does grow 15 acres of "Big Mac" pumpkins weighing 50 lbs. or more, but owner Tom Ness admits that 60% of the pumpkins he sells are shipped in from other growers. "It kind of bums me out that they didn't grow all their won pumpkins," says Georgia Zarifes, 39, who showed up with friends for the homemade fudge, gifts and jam. "But it's not going to stop me from coming." Now that's agritainment.

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问答题Directions: In this part of the test, you will hear 2 passages in English. You will hear the passages ONLY ONCE. After you have heard each passage, translate it into Chinese and write your version in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET. You may take notes while you are listening.

问答题 Questions 4～6 Fifteen percent of US teenagers aged 12 to 17 who own mobile phones have received nude or nearly nude images of someone they know, according to a survey released on Tuesday. Only four percent of mobile phone-owning teens in that age group have sent sexually suggestive pictures of themselves, a practice known as "sexting," according to the Pew Research Center's Internet American Life Project. The Pew survey found that girls and boys were equally as likely to have sent a suggestive picture to another person and older teenagers were more likely to have engaged in "sexting." Eight percent of 17-year-olds with mobile phones have sent a sexually provocative image by text and 30 percent have received a nude or nearly nude image on their phone. Only four percent of 12-year-olds have sent suggestive images of themselves. Amanda Lenhart, a senior research specialist at Pew and the author of the report, said sexually suggestive images have become a form of "relationship currency" for teens. "These images are shared as a part of or instead of sexual activity, or as a way of starting or maintaining a relationship with a significant other," she said. "And they are also passed along to friends for their entertainment value, as a joke or for fun." "The desire for risk-taking and sexual exploration during the teenage years combined with a constant connection via mobile devices creates a 'perfect storm' for sexting," said Lenhart. "Teenagers have always grappled with issues around sex and relationships, but their coming-of-age mistakes and transgressions have never been so easily transmitted and archived for others to see," she added. The survey found that teens with unlimited text messaging plans were more likely to receive "sexts" containing images of people they know. About 75 percent of mobile phone owning teens have unlimited plans. Among this group, Pew said 18 percent reporting receiving "sexts" compared with eight percent of teens on limited data plans and three percent of teens who pay per message. According to Pew, 58 percent of 12-year-olds own a mobile phone and 83 percent teens aged 17 do. Pew noted that a number of US states are grappling with how to deal with "sexting" among minors and some legislatures have stepped in to consider laws that would downgrade charges from felonies to misdemeanors. Pew conducted telephone interviews with 800 teens aged 12 to 17 and their parents between June 26 and September 24.

问答题Questions 7～10 When the automated player-piano was invented in the mid-19th century, companies that sold sheet music groused. When commercial radio took off, musicians bellyached that it would destroy them. So too, with the introduction of gramophones and tape recorders, did established businesses of the day try to block the inventions to protect their commercial interests. In each case, public interest defeated the private, and the technologies flourished (often, ironically, to the benefit of the party that originally objected). For instance, movie studios tried to outlaw Sony"s Betamax because it could be used to infringe film copyright. In 1984, America"s Supreme Court ruled the devices legal because they were "capable of substantial non-infringing uses." Today, the home-video market is almost three times larger than Hollywood box-office receipts. On March 29th, the Supreme Court heard oral arguments regarding peer-to-peer (P2P) file-sharing software. This lets internet users obtain files of, say, music or video quickly and inexpensively by cleverly sharing the content among many users. In over 90% of the cases, the files downloaded infringe copyrights. Some 28 entertainment companies have joined together against two P2P software makers, StreamCast Networks and Grokster, claiming that they are accountable for "secondary liability" of copyright infringement because they knowingly turn a blind eye to the illegal activities of users. The entertainment industry is arguing that business models predicated on the theft of intellectual property should be declared illegal. Technology firms counter that to restrict companies according to how their technology is used by customers would hand media firms a veto power over technical innovation any time it seems to threaten their interests. The Supreme Court will have to reexamine its 1984 Betamax decision in light of the internet and digital devices from the PC to the iPod and digital video recorders. One lower court has found that P2P software makers are not liable, because the product is capable of legal uses. But another court interpreted the 1984 ruling differently, finding against P2P by highlighting the ruling"s indication that there should be "commercially significant" non-infringing uses for "legitimate" purposes. Recording companies complain that the decline in music sales in the past few years (save for a small uptick in 2004) is due largely to illegal file-sharing. Millions of people use P2P systems, downloading 2.6 billion songs a month and 400,000 films a day, accounting for over half of all internet traffic by some measures. Faced with the inability to get courts to shut down P2P networks, the industry has sued thousands of alleged pirates worldwide, and backed legislation that would ban technologies that "induce" infringement. A ruling against the P2P systems would slow, but would probably be too narrowly specific to end, the growth of firms exploiting the technology. A win for the media firms would help them negotiate agreements with the cottage industry of firms aiming to get into online music distribution. The entertainment industry would probably refocus its legal battles on targeting internet service providers. But the cost of this could be huge. It could dramatically set back the adoption of the many beneficial uses of P2P, from legitimate content distribution—such as individuals sharing their family photos or their home-recorded music online—to grid-computing. Theft of intellectual property is wrong, of course. But technologies exist that can prevent it—and even let media firms harness the internet to make money, as in the previous battles between content owners and new technologies. The Supreme Court should retain the Betamax principle. It is not the role of law to block innovation.