填空题The influence of climate on behavior appears all-pervasive. Indeed, who can claim that weather factors have no influence on their decision-making?【R1】______People's moods also change with the weather: bright sunny days seem to lift spirits, while dark rainy periods bring on depression. Law enforcement agencies are beginning to show interest in the effect of atmospheric conditions on behavior.【R2】______Both monthly and seasonal variations are considered to reflect the varying influence of temperature, precipitation, humidity, length of daylight, and a number of other climatological factors. Various studies find relationships between specific climatological conditions and crime. Rising temperature is generally accompanied by increases in aggression and violent crime. 【R3】______ Rain, cloud cover, and other forms of inclement weather are associated with lower levels of property crimes and increased depression. 【R4】______The analysis also shows that as humidity increases the level of crime decreases. Temperature also has a great effect. Increasing temperature fails to influence the number of nighttime burglaries / larcenies, but it does increase the other crime categories. Burglaries / larcenies(day and night)and daytime assaults also tend to increase along with cloud cover. 【R5】______ Individuals who respond with criminal behavior to weather changes or weather extremes may be controllable by administering drugs that offset these influences. 【R6】______Changing or manipulating the weather is one possible means of attacking a weather crime interaction. 【R7】______ Minor changes may be possible such as regulation of rainfall of sky cover. On the other hand, temperature control may be possible. 【R8】______Once this is accomplished, it will be necessary to devise more accurate means of forecasting the weather, counteracting the effects of weather on human behavior, and controlling the environment, or identifying other approaches to the problem. A. Every year, the FBI's Uniform Crime Reports provide breakdowns of the crime rates by month and season of the year. B. Everyone can point to instances where plans and activities have been changed because of weather conditions. C. On the other hand, high humidity appears to reduce the incidence of physical activity and aggression. D This approach may not be feasible due to many relationships between weather / climate and rotation of the earth. E. More research is needed to assess and clarify the relationship between crime and the various climatological factors. F. Our study showed that low humidity has the most widespread influence on all types of crime studied. G Electrical stimulation of pleasure centers in the brain may someday be a feasible counter-measure to aggressive stimuli due to increased temperature or other weather variables. H. Except for wind speed and barometric pressure with regard to daytime assaults, the remaining weather factors have virtually no influence on the levels of crime.

填空题Part 1 ·Read the article below and choose the best sentence from the list on the next page to fill each of the gaps. ·For each gap (1-8) mark one letter (A-H) on the Answer Sheet. ·Do not mark any letter twice. When the Young Take Their Lives A few weeks ago, I received a particularly disturbing page. "A 22-year-old woman is in the emergency room with a gunshot wound to the head," my chief resident told me. (1) . The woman, a recent college graduate, was starting to show signs of brain death. Over the next several hours, we worked to preserve the life she had tried to throw away. (2) . In the 30 years from 1950 to 1980, the annual suicide rate among college-age women has almost doubled, from 3.9 deaths per 100,000 to 7.0 per 100,000, while the rate among college-age men has tripled, from 10 per 100,000 to 32 per 100,000 a year. (3) . Students kill themselves at all times of year, but attempted suicides begin to go up in the fall, according to the National Institute of Mental Health. Often the immediate cause seems to be a recent rejection, disappointment or academic failure. (4) . Even trained mental-health professionals have made mistakes. But there are warning signs you can watch for in friends and loved ones, such as withdrawing from all social activities, dramatic changes in personality—including suddenly becoming much happier or calmer-significant shifts in sleeping or eating habits and giving away cherished personal items. (5) . Studies of suicide survivors show that often just five minutes elapse from the time someone thinks about committing suicide until the actual attempt. Finally, it is OK to come right out and ask friends or family members whether they are thinking of suicide. (6) . Be sure to let them know that they are not alone and that help is available through school counselors and mental-health hot lines, in hospitals and now online. Through the years, I have treated many patients who have attempted suicide. (7) . Our 22-year-old patient is awake now and even talking a bit. I'm optimistic about her physical recovery but disquieted about her chances overall. (8) . What no one knows is whether we will be able to pick up the pieces one more time.A. I do it with the sincere hope that they will get betterB. "Oh, and it looks self-inflicted," he addedC. The experts will tell you that having tried to kill herself once, she is at a greater risk of trying againD. This year's toll for adults aged 19 to 24 is expected to reach 1,000 deathsE. Don't get fooled into thinking that all people who commit suicide have carefully worked out a plan in advanceF. You won't be giving them any ideasG. Trying to determine whether a young person is suicidal can be difficultH. Her predicament made me wonder, once again, what drives people to suicide and why young people resort to such a desperate measure

填空题Directions: Using the information in the text, complete each sentence 6-10, with a word or phrase from the list below. For each sentence(6-10), mark one letter(A-G)on your Answer Sheet. Do not mark any letter twice. A. the membership should not be neglected B. organizers should make summaries after that C. the meeting should be held frequently D. communication can promote the development of companies E. it's better to elect a president F. companies can find out problems G. it's better to have a person to set the pace

填空题Questions1-8·Youwillheartwotelephoneconversations.·Writedownonewordornumberinthenumberedspacesontheformsbelow.CONVERSATION1(Questions1-4)Thenameofthelittleboy:(1).Swallowedmoney:a(2).Appointmentwiththedoctor:Time:(3)p.m.Date:(4).

填空题CONVERSATION 2(Questions 5-8)The patient's name:【L5】______JohnsonThe doctor's name: 【L6】______Appointment time: at【L7】______a.m. on the【L8】______.

填空题Questions 9-13 ·You will hear a passage about "Surviving Cultural Shock". ·For questions 9-13, choose from the list A-F the five stages of cultural shock. ·Use the letters only once. There is one extra letter, which you do not need to use. 9. Stage 1 ______ 10. Stage 2 ______ 11. Stage 3 ______ 12. Stage 4 ______ 13. Stage 5 ______ A. The Re-entry B. The Rejection C. The Acceptance D. The Honeymoon E. The Regression F. The Non-PartyQuestions 9-13 ·You will hear a passage about "Surviving Cultural Shock". ·For questions 9-13, choose from the list A-F the five stages of cultural shock. ·Use the letters only once. There is one extra letter, which you do not need to use. 9. Stage 1 ______ 10. Stage 2 ______ 11. Stage 3 ______ 12. Stage 4 ______ 13. Stage 5 ______ A. The Re-entry B. The Rejection C. The Acceptance D. The Honeymoon E. The Regression F. The Non-Party

填空题Read the following article and answer questions 9-18 on the next page. Green Steps 1. "IF CONGRESS won't act soon to protect future generations, I will," Barack Obama said last month in his state-of-the-union speech. "I will direct my cabinet to come up with executive actions we can take, now and in the future, to reduce pollution, prepare our communities for the consequences of climate change, and speed the transition to more sustainable sources of energy." This week Mr. Obama named the officials charged with fulfilling that directive: Gina McCarthy, his choice to head the Environmental Protection Agency, and Ernest Moniz, the prospective new secretary of energy. Their selection suggests that Mr. Obama is indeed serious about tackling climate change, but not doctrinaire in his approach. 2. Ms. McCarthy already works at the EPA, where she is in charge of air quality. That has given her a leading role drafting the administration's most ambitious and controversial environmental rules, including limits on emissions of greenhouse gases for new power plants and strict fuel-efficiency requirements for cars. She is the natural candidate to oversee the most obvious and consequential step Mr. Obama could take to stem global warning: a regulation curbing emissions from existing power plants. 3. Republicans do not like that idea at all, and have introduced bills in Congress to strip the EPA of its regulatory authority over greenhouse gases. They often accused Lisa Jackson, the agency's previous boss, of disregarding the cumulative impact of its many clean-air rules, and suffocating industry as a result. 4. Yet Ms. McCarthy makes an unlikely target. She has worked for Republican governors in Massachusetts and Connecticut. Industry groups mustered kind words about her nomination. As Mr. Obama put it, "She's earned a reputation as a straight-shooter." Mr. Moniz is even less likely to provoke determined opposition in the Senate, which must approve both appointments. He is a physicist, like the current secretary, Steven Chu. He knows the Department of Energy, having served as an undersecretary in the Clinton administration. He shares the president's enthusiasm for renewable power and other nascent green technologies, but he has also spoken in favor of building more nuclear reactors and of natural gas as "a bridge" to a low-carbon future. His nomination has attracted more criticism from environmentalists than from the coal lobby' despite his eagerness to put a price on carbon emissions, an idea it resists furiously. 5. The two appointments, says Paul Bledsoe, an energy consultant, suggest that Mr. Obama is looking for more politically adroit ways to promote his energy policies than a straight fight. The president might. For example, announce at the same time the approval of the proposed Keystone XL pipeline extension, which would increase imports of a particularly mucky form of oil from Canada, and the adoption of limits on greenhouse-gas emissions from existing power plants. That would help defuse claims that he is a knee-jerk environmentalist, even as he follows through on his ultimatum to Congress. Questions 9-13(10 marks) For questions 9-13, choose from the list A-G which best summarizes each part of the article. For each numbered paragraph(1-5), mark one letter(A-G)on your Answer Sheet. Do not mark any letter twice. A. Rejections from environmentalists B. Two nominators' strengths C. Implications of the appointments D. President's two new nominations E. Future of renewable power F. Republicans' opposition G. Ms. McCarthy's background

填空题The accommodation was cheap, but the food was very ______. (costly)

填空题It is my fondest ______ that all of my children will go to college. (expect)

填空题Directions: Using the information in the text, complete each sentence 6-10, with a word or phrase from the list below. For each sentence(6-10), mark one letter(A-G)on your Answer Sheet. Do not mark any letter twice. A. arrogant B. embarrassing silence C. eye contact D. politics or racism E. trite and pointless F. equally unsettling G. first impression

填空题Read the following passages and answer questions 9-18.1. The Palace Museum, known as the Forbidden City, was the imperial palace of the Ming and Qing dynasties. In the early 5th century, the capital of the Ming dynasty was moved from Nanjing to Beijing. Twenty four emperors of the Ming and Qing dynasties ruled in the Forbidden City. The last dynasty fell in 1911, but Emperor Puyi still lived in the inner court. It was not until 1925 that the complex was converted into a museum. Since then the palace has been open to the public.2. The large-scale construction involved 100,000 artisans and 1,000,000 civilians. The material needed for building the palace came from all over the country. In the Qing dynasty, the timber came mostly from Sichuan, Guangdong, Guangxi, Yunnan provinces. The gold bricks were made in Suzhou. The glazed tiles were made in Sanjiadian, Beijing.3. The Palace Museum is located in the center of Beijing, covering an area of 72 hectares. The floor square is 163,000 square meters. It is 961m long from south to north, and 753m wide from east to west.4. According to the calculations made in 1973, there are more than 90 courtyards, 980 buildings and 8704 room units inside the Forbidden City. During the Ming and Qing dynasties, the number of building varied, and so there was no fixed number of rooms.5. The astronomers in ancient China divided the main fixed stars into three Yunan. Ziweiyuan is the residence of the heavenly emperor, and it is in the middle and also called Zi palace. The feudal emperors call themselves the sons of heaven and called the palace they lived in the symbol of Zi palace in heaven. The palace where the emperor resided was completely forbidden for the common people. So that is why it is called the Forbidden City. In the 1992 comments on Beijing attractions in World Travel Wonders, experts commented that the Forbidden City was the largest, best preserved palace complex remaining in the world today. The Forbidden City was placed on the World Cultural Heritage List by UNESCO in 1987.Questions 9-13 For questions 9~13, choose the best title for each paragraph from below. For each numbered paragraph(1-5), mark one letter(A~G)on the Answer Sheet. Do not mark any letter twice.A. General information of the Forbidden City.B. Labor and the building material needed.C. The function and the status of the Forbidden City.D. Area and floor space of the Forbidden City.E. The name origin and status of the Forbidden City.F. Numbers of buildings in the Forbidden City.G. The history of the Forbidden City.

填空题Adjust the machine ______. (careful)

填空题Part 1 Questions 1-8 ·Read the article below. ·Choose the best sentence from the list on the next page to fill each of the gaps. ·For each gap (1-8) mark one letter (A-H) on the Answer Sheet. ·Do not mark any letter twice. Poll: Obama Seen As More Compassionate Than McCain Just hours before the start of the second presidential debate, a new national survey suggests that Sen. Barack Obama is making gains among Americans as a compassionate candidate. (1) In a new CNN/Opinion Research Corporation poll out Tuesday afternoon, 55 percent of registered voters questioned say that Obama "cares more about people like you" than Sen. John McCain, with 35 percent saying McCain cares more than Obama. (2) "The all-time champion of town-hall debates was Bill Clinton because he was able to connect with the audience members so well," said CNN polling director Keating Holland. "Voters nationwide seem to feel some connection with Obama. (3) John McCain has a pretty good track record at town halls, and it's possible that he will be the one who looks more compassionate." Obama also appears to be building a lead as the candidate with the clearer plan to solve the country's problems. He has a 15-point lead over McCain on that question in the poll, 48 percent to 33 percent. (4) Obama is also making gains on being a strong and decisive leader. A 19-point McCain advantage early last month has now shrunk to a 5-point lead. (5) "Voters agree with McCain that things are going well for the U.S. in lraq. That's a switch since April, when we last asked that question," Holland said. (6) Among voters, Obama also leads on who would better handle the economy, 57 percent to 37 percent; a financial crisis, 53 percent to 36 percent; and health care, 60 percent to 33 percent. (7) Obama's favorable rating among those questioned in the poll is 62 percent, down one percentage point from three weeks ago. (8) A. But on the question of who has the better experience to be president, McCain still has a big lead over his rival, 54 percent to 36 percent.B. That could be important in the debate in Nashville, which is a town hall-style meeting with the candidates fielding questions from undecided voters in the audience.C. The question is whether he'll connect with the people at the debate tonight.D. That 20-point margin for Obama is up from a 9-point advantage a month ago.E. McCain's favorable rating is 54 percent, down three points from three weeks ago.F. "But voters also agree with Obama that the war was a bad idea—and they haven't changed their minds on that in almost four years."G. McCain leads on the issue of terrorism, 54 percent to 44 percent.H. Last month, McCain had a 2-point advantage over Obama on the topic of having a clearer plan.

填空题The burial box belongs to a private ______ in Israel. (collect)

填空题·Youwillheartwoconversations ·Writedownonewordornumberineachofthenumberedspacesontheformsbelow. CONVERSATION1(Questions1-4)

填空题The committee will meet next week to __ a new treasurer. (elect)

填空题Part2Questions9-13·Listentothefollowingdescriptionoffivepeopleanddecidewhatkindofpersoneachis.·Forquestions9-13,choosethewordsofthepersonalitytraitsfromthelistA-E·Usethelettersonlyonce.Thereisoneextraletterwhichyoudonotneedtouse.9.Speaker1:______10.Speaker2:______11.Speaker3:______12.Speaker4:______13.Speaker5:______A.stubbornB.creativeC.loyalD.honestE.patientF.energetic

填空题Solving puzzles is an ______ for many people. (entertain)

填空题1. For generations of students, writing term papers has been a major source of nerves and frustration, if not the ultimate homework nightmare. But for those with Internet access, illicit resources are just a few links away. 2. The contemporary student who wants to fake a term paper does not have to search far. All one has to do is to go to the appropriate web site, where online papers can either be purchased, ordered, or downloaded for free. Collegiate Care Research Assistance, for instance, may do the job. Do you want to "write" a paper on "Hamlet's irreconcilable moral dilemmas"? Simply hand over $29. 75, and the essay is yours. Some sites, such as Term Paper Emporium and Absolutely Free: Online Essays, offer course papers for free. Simply press the button and download — if you find the paper you want, that is. 3. Students are, of course, fully aware of these web site resources, and some people worry that the Internet, once hailed as the ultimate learning tool, could become the best aid yet for cheating. For teachers, the problem is figuring out whether a student's authorship is authentic. But, as teaching assistant Jane Morrison explained, the task may not be too difficult for the perceiving teacher. "Students who have gotten it off the Internet don't look at me, twitch a little bit and look at their feet. And students who wrote every bit of it can talk about the paper very intelligently and look me in the eye." Morrison said. 4. Faking term papers is nothing new, and stolen intellectual property has been marketed for years. But the appearance of the Internet raises the issue: is this new technology making cheating more widespread? A senior official at Berkeley doubts it. "Students who are inclined to cheat are going to cheat regardless of the technology. I think it's sort of a cynical notion to think that this new tool is going to spread the incidence of cheating," Gary Handman said. 5. This view was backed by Berkeley graduate student Arianne Chernock, who says that, after all, students have to decide what's best for themselves. "It's a question of honesty. We're here to learn, so we've got to make the most of it ourselves. " 6. And inventive teachers can make their assignments almost cheat-proof. "If you structure the assignment in a creative way, and if students, for instance, have to transform the information into a hand-out, or do a drama, or write an account in first person narrative, then you may curb illicit work," said library media teacher Leslie Farmer. That kind of strategy, some experts say, will basically force students to do more than simply download their education. Questions 1-5 Directions: For questions 1-5, choose the best title for each paragraph from below. For each numbered paragraph(1-5), mark one letter(A-G)on your Answer Sheet, Do not mark any letter twice. A. Various papers on web sites B. Faking term paper in one student's eye C. Whether Internet made cheating more widespread D. Writing term paper being no longer a grind E. The necessity of stopping fake paper F. Inventive ways to prevent cheating on paper G Perceiving teacher's method of recognizing fake paper

填空题McDonald's domestic troubles aren't exactly new. Competitors, including Pizz Hut and Taco Bell, began nibbling at McDonald's market share in the late eighties.【R1】______There's even evidence that McDonald's has been slipping in areas it once dominated. A 1995 Restaurants and Institutions Choice in Chains survey of 2849 adults gave McDonald's low marks on food quality, value, service and cleanliness. 【R2】______ 【R3】______Put simply, because it could. After all, as a company, and a stock, McDonald's is really an international story. Its global operations in 96 countries are the real attraction, feeding 47% of the company's $30 billion sales and 54% of profits. 【R4】______ Brisk overseas business, however, has only magnified the chain's U.S. blues. 【R5】______ McDonald's started hawking Extra Value Meals in 1991, largely to keep up with Taco Bell's value pricing.【R6】______and "the super-low price promotions weren't driving customers into the store any longer," notes David Adelman, a Dean Witter Reynolds analyst. So the new, adult-oriented Deluxe line is not only supposed to win back older chowhounds; it's also aimed at bumping prices back up.【R7】______it's a lot of pressure to put on a bunch of burgers, especially given the problems McDonald's has had expanding its menus in recent years. At least some industry experts question whether McDonald's may be making a fundamental marketing mistake with its new emphasis on adult customers. 【R8】______ A. And within the burger segment, where growth in the nineties has slowed to about 5% annually, Arch reveals like Burger King have managed sales gains for three years running B. McDonald's found that discounting — a tactic the company tried reluctantly — failed to revive per-store sales. C. So why did McDonald's wait so long to attack its domestic problem head-on. D. For the most part, McDonald's has those unsatiated foreign appetites to thank for its 126 consecutive quarters of record earnings. E. There is a chance, after all, that the "grownup" theme — including commercial that show kids grimacing at the sight of an Arch Deluxe — could backfire. F. But by mid-1995, the value concept had evolved to straight discounting. G. The chicken, fish, and beef sandwiches cost about 20% more than "classic menu" items. H. Top honors instead went to Wendy's.