单选题{{B}}Passage 4{{/B}} When they first arrived in Europe over 500 years ago, the Roma were called Gypsies in the mistaken belief that they had come from Egypt. The true origins of the Roma remained a mystery until the late 18th century, when European linguists discovered connections between the Romani language and certain dialects spoken in northwestern India. The world population of Roma is difficult to establish with any certainty. Estimates suggest that there are approximately 12 million Roma worldwide. About 8 million Roma live in Europe, and they make up that continent's largest minority population. The Roma are divided into groups sometimes referred to as nations or tribes. These divisions generally reflect historical patterns, of settlement in different geographic areas. Although historically looked at as wanderers, the vast majority of modern Roma live in settled communities. Because the Roma are widely settled, their culture and social organization vary considerably. An important characteristic everywhere, however, is a strong, sense of Stoup identity, Romani culture stresses the sacredness of its own traditions in opposition to those of the outside world. Contact with non-Roma is regarded as potentially polluting. Another unifying force is their language, Romani, which consists of a number of dialects belonging to the Indo-Iranian branch of the Indo-European languages. Most Roma speak some form of Romani. Others speak dialects of local languages with extensive borrowings from Romani. Romani is primarily a spoken rather than written language. Until recent years most Roma were illiterate, and illiteracy rates remain high in most Roma communities.

单选题 There is an English saying: "Laughter is the best medicine." Until recently, few people took the saying seriously. Now, however, doctors have begun to look into laughter and the effects it has on the human body. They have found that laughter really can improve people's health. Tests were carried out to study the effects of laughter on the body. People watched funny films while doctors checked their heart, blood pressure, breathing and muscles. It was found that laughter has similar efforts to physical exercise. It increases blood pressure, the heart beating and breathing, it also works several groups of muscles in the face, the stomach, and even the feet. If laughter exercises the body, it must be beneficial. Other tests have shown that laughter appears to be able to reduce the effect of pain on the body. In one experiment doctors produced pain in groups of students who listened to different radio programs. The group that tolerated the pain for the longest time was the group which listened to a funny program. The reason why laughter can reduce pain seems to be that it helps to produce a kind of chemicals in the brain which diminish both stress and pain. As a result of these discoveries, some doctors in the Unites States now hold laughter clinics, in which they help to improve their patients' condition by encouraging them to laugh. They have found that even if their patients do not really feel like laughing, making them smile enough to produce beneficial effects similar to those caused by laughter.

单选题We have learned from the letter that your company has produced and exposed a variety of textile machinery to us. According to the letter, it seems that there may be some negligence(疏忽)in the delivery time, we are arranging our representative in Paris to go to your company to check the material in the next week.

单选题According to the observation of some scientists, we will be short of energy in the near future.

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单选题 Directions: This section is to test your ability to understand short conversations. There are 2 recorded conversations in it. After each conversation, there are some recorded questions. Both the conversations and questions will be spoken two times. When you hear a question, you should decide on the correct answer from the 4 choices marked A), B), C) and D) given in your test paper. Then you should mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center. Conversation 1

单选题Conversation 2

单选题His mother told me that he ______ read quite well at the age of five. A. should B. would C. could D. might

单选题Perhaps the day will come ______ our city will be without any pollution. A. when B. while C. as D. what

单选题Teachers should have patience: ______ children would ever learn anything.A) henceB) howeverC) neverthelessD) otherwise

单选题We've got two TV sets, but we still can't watch anything because ______ works properly. A. neither B. either C. each D. every

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单选题In Paragraph 1, the word "skeptical" means ______. A) doubtful C) sad B) worried D) angry

单选题There are very few rides of grammar______.

单选题The seal hunter begs forgiveness of the old seal because ______.

单选题He has worked very hard ______ he entered the factory.

单选题BDirections:/B This section is to test your ability to understand short conversations. There are 2 recorded conversations in it. After each conversation, there are some recorded questions. Both the conversations and questions will be spoken two times. When you hear a question, you should decide on the cor- rect answer from the 4 choices marked A, B, C and D given in your test paper. Then you should mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center. BConversation 1/B

单选题Except for care for personal appearance，you should pay much attention to your manner of communication． A. 在考虑外貌的同时，交流的方式也应该受到充分的重视。 B. 除了注意个人形象外，你还应该更多地注意你的言辞。 C. 除了注重个人形象外，言辞也应该给以很多的注意。 D. 不要太关心你的外表，而要给你的交流方式以很多的注意。

单选题The professor requests that we ______ the term papers by the end of this month. A. will hand in B. will have handed in C. to hand in D. hand in

单选题Only in this way can Chinese enterprises improve their competitiveness and avoid being defeated by their foreign rivals after China"s entry into the WTO.