广州以“购物天堂”著称。这里有众多的市场、商业街和购物中心。各种世界名牌 商品 (commodity)都可以在这里找到，你可以在市中心买到几乎任何你想要的东西。在广州，同类型的商店通常扎堆在一起，久而久之就形成了许多具有鲜明特色的街道。夜市是从黄昏开市至午夜，销售日常用品、衣服和食物。它不仅方便了购物者，也是一种夜生活。

The British government recently announced a proposal to introduce health care access fees for migrants and long-term visitors this year. The fees would affect some foreign students, who would for the first time have to pay for medical cover while in Britain. The proposal is part of an immigration bill now going through Parliament and does not expressly target students. But concerns are being voiced that it would set up yet another obstacle for international access to the British education system—one of the most prestigious in the world. "As a matter of principle, the charge is unfortunate and unfair," said Dominic Scott, chief executive of the UK Council for International Student Affairs. Foreign students who need to apply for visas—those from countries outside the European Union—will have to pay 150 pounds per year of study when they are issued their visa, according to the plan laid out by the Department of Health. The proposed charge is relatively minor compared with tuition and other costs that for a foreign student in Britain can easily reach ￡20,000 a year. Critics of the plan concede that it is unlikely, by itself, to turn many away. Still, they warn that it will add to a cumulative message that is increasingly unwelcoming. It comes during a controversial campaign for tighter immigration curbs and less than two years after the government eliminated a visa track, known as Tier-1 (post-study work), that allowed newly graduated foreigners to stay in Britain to work. "Tier-1 was the hammer blow, but it's just possible that people will see this as one unpleasant thing after another," Mr. Scott said. Daniel Stevens, the international students' officer at the National Union of Students, the country's largest student union, agreed: "You will see a shift in the attitude of international students toward other countries," he said. Daniel Obst, deputy vice president of the Institute of International Education, said he thought it highly unlikely that the fee would cut the number of students going to Britain. Still, "every time you have a new regulation, there is concern," he said. "You have to deal with the perceptions issue."

随着电子商务的兴起和网购的流行，快递业(express delivery industry)应运而生。快递公司提供上门收件服务，收件后就会以尽可能快的速度送到顾客手上。然而，对快递延误的投诉却持续不断。为了提高投递服务质量，国家标准化管理委员会(the National Standardization Management Committee)实施了一套新标准。该标准规定，城际之间投递包裹的时间不得超过72小时，否则将被认定为延误，顾客即有权索赔。

BSection C/B

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舞龙体现了中国人团结、奋进的精神，是中华民族宝贵的文化遗产，中国文化的标志之一。

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要全面建成惠及十几亿人口的更高水平的小康社会，进而基本实现现代化、实现全体人民共同富裕，还有很长的路要走。我们将继续从本国国情出发，坚持中国特色社会主义道路，坚持改革开放，推动科学发展，促进社会和谐，全面推进经济建设、政治建设、文化建设、社会建设以及生态文明建设，全力做到发展为了人民、发展依靠人民、发展成果由人民共享。

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中国政府对计划生育政策进行了修改完善。

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BPart I Writing/B

Topic On Urbanization For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled On Urbanization following the outline given below. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words. 1．目前城市化已成为热点话题 2．城市化有利也有弊 3．我怎么看

In America alone, tipping is now a $16 billion-a-year industry. Consumers acting rationally ought not to pay more than they have to for a given service. So why do they? The conventional wisdom is that tips both reward the efforts of good service and reduce uncomfortable feelings of inequality. The better the service, the bigger the tip. A paper analyzing data from 2,547 groups dining at 20 different restaurants shows that the relationship between larger tips and better service was very weak Customers who rated a meal as "excellent" still tipped anywhere between 8% and 37% of the meal price. Tipping is better explained by culture than by economics. In America, the custom has become established; it is regarded as part of the accepted cost of a service. In a New York restaurant, failing to tip at least 15% could well mean abuse from the waiter. Hairdressers can expect to get 15-20%, the man who delivers your groceries $2. In Europe, tipping is less common; in many restaurants, free tipping is being replaced by a standard service charge. In many Asian countries, tipping has never really caught on at all. How to account for these national differences? Look no further than psychology. According to Michael Lynn, the Cornell paper's co-author, countries in which people are more outgoing, sociable or neurotic (神经质的) tend to tip more. Tipping relieves anxiety about being served by strangers. "And," says Mr. Lynn, "in America, where people are outgoing and expressive, tipping is about social approval. If you tip badly, people think less of you. Tipping well is a chance to show off." Icelanders, by contrast, do not usually tip—a measure of their introversion (内向) and lack of neuroses, no doubt. While such explanations may be crude, the hard truth seems to be that tipping does not work. It does not benefit the customer. Nor, in the case of restaurants, does it actually encourage the waiter, or help the restaurant manager to monitor and assess his staff. The cry of mean tippers that service people should "just be paid a decent wage" may actually make economic sense.

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{{B}}Part Ⅳ Translation{{/B}}

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A Letter to the University President 1．表明写信目的：建议提高学校的教学质量 2．提出具体建议，如：改进课堂教学质量，加强培养学生的自主学习能力，举办知识竞赛以促进学习风气的改善 3．希望建议得到关注

中国的老龄人口在快速增长。预计到2050年，全国将有三分之一的人口超过60岁。然而，在中国的大多数城市， 养老院 (nursing home)数量很少且针对性的服务远远落后。这就是为什么大多数中国人在他们变老时，更愿意留在自己的子女或配偶身边。一些 政协委员 (CPPCC member)建议增加保障老龄人口权益的国家财政预算，给养老院提供更多的 基础设施 (infrastructure)并提高其服务质量。

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