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中国的体育运动经历了几千年的发展，但直到1949年中华人民共和国成立才成为一项国家事业。在过去的50多年中，我国的体育运动取得了可喜的成绩。2008年，北京成功举办了第29届奥运会，使这次奥运会成为弘扬 奥林匹克精神 (Olympic spirit)、促进世界和平、增进各国人民友谊的一次盛会。目前，为更好地发展中国体育。一个全国范围的体育运动网已经建立起来了。

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On Food Safety, a Long List but Little Money A)This summer there has been a drumbeat of food-related illnesses. Strawberries containing E. coli(大肠杆菌)killed one person in Oregon and sickened at least nine others. Imported papayas(木瓜)contaminated with salmonella(沙门氏菌)poisoned more than 200 people nationwide, with one dead. The landmark food safety law passed by Congress last December is supposed to reduce the frequency and severity of food safety problems, but the roll call of recent cases underlines the importance of the task. B)"It's an enormous undertaking," said Mike Taylor, the Food and Drug Administration's deputy commissioner for foods, whose job is to turn the far-reaching law into a coherent set of rules that farmers, food processors and importers can follow and regulators can enforce. The agency is taking on the expanded mission at a time when Washington budget-slashing(大幅削减预算)means that regulators have little hope of getting additional money and may instead have their budgets cut by Congress. Mr. Taylor said they didn't have resources to implement the law. "The choice is we either find the resources or we give up implementing this law. You can't build something brand-new without the resources to do it." C)The agency is now in the process of writing the food safety rules, with the goal of preventing outbreaks like those this summer. One of the most complex jobs involves setting standards for farmers to grow and harvest fruits and vegetables safely. The first draft of the farm rules is due early next year. The agency is expected to deal with basies like hand-washing stations for field workers, tests of irrigation water and measures to protect fields from wild animals that can track in bacteria. D)Yet the standards must take into account a huge variety of crops, farming practices and farm sizes. The task is all the more delicate because the agency has never before had a major presence on American farms. E)For a year and a half, well before Congress passed the food safety law, Mr. Taylor has visited farmers around the country and sought to ease their fears that an army of food safety officials will come storming through their fields telling them how to do their jobs. Recently, he visited Long Island, where he traveled through the sandy fields of the 30-acre Deer Run lettuce farm of Bob Nolan in Brookhaven with steps. Mr. Nolan said he was initially anxious about the new law but was now eager to help the agency make it work for farmers. Mr. Taylor was joined by several agency employees involved in writing the farm rules, and Mr. Nolan told them that he hoped the visit would help them better understand how a farm worked. F)The complexity of the FDA's task became clear as the day went on. At the second stop, a potato farm in Riverhead, the owner Jimmy Zilnicki said that he knew little about what the government expected of him. "We're all just trying to find out what this food safety thing is all about," he said. Besides, he argued, potatoes were a safe crop and he questioned whether it was worth including them in food safety rules. Mr. Taylor told him the FDA's job was to focus most of its efforts where the food safety risks were greatest. G)The third stop was a 65-acre organic farm in Riverhead, run by Eve Kaplan Walbrecht and her husband, Chris. They grow a dizzying rank of crops, most of which they sell directly to customers through farmers' markets and buying clubs. They, too, had made costly improvements with an eye toward food safety, including building a large processing shed with a concrete floor, treated water, a bathroom and refrigerated storage. The new law remits(免除)small farms that average less than $500 000 a year in sales and sell mostly to local customers. But Ms. Kaplan Walbrecht said that her farm brings in too much money to qualify for the exemption. She worried that the new law could become a burden for small farmers, either by adding paperwork or by unleashing(不加管束的)regulators with little understanding of how a farm worked. H)But while farmers worry that the rules will be too severe, food safety advocates worry that budget cuts could render the law toothless. The Congressional Budget Office has said the FDA will need hundreds of millions of dollars in new financing to execute the law, and there appears little chance that Mr. Taylor will get it. The Republican-controlled House of Representatives has passed a budget that largely eliminates new money for the FDA. The Democrat-controlled Senate has not made its own proposal. But advocates fear that the new Congressional super committee that is to propose cuts under the debt ceiling deal could further decrease the agency's finances. I)The budget freeze or cuts would have the greatest impact on the ambitious increase in inspections called for under the new law, which strengthen each year. "Writing rules is inexpensive; enforcing them is expensive," said David W. Acheson, a former associate commissioner of the FDA who is now a food safety consultant. "There will be a public health impact because enforcement won't be to the extent they want to do it. " The agency has already said that, without lots of new money, it won't be able to conduct the thousands of foreign food inspections the law would require after a few years. Increasing domestic inspections would be difficult, too. The FDA has about 1 000 inspectors trained to visit food establishments but most of them also inspect drug and medical device facilities. Hiring new inspectors or retraining existing ones is costly. J)So far, Mr. Taylor has won praise for the introduction of the new law. "I've never seen the agency go at anything with such enthusiasm," said Carol L. Tucker Foreman, a food policy expert at the Consumer Federation of America. But she feared that without a higher budget, the agency would take shortcuts. The law requires the most frequent inspections at the riskiest facilities and Ms. Tucker Foreman questioned whether the agency would simply classify fewer operations as high risk to make its job easier. Mr. Taylor said that would not happen. "We're not going to game the system," he said.

维吾尔族 (Uygur)是中国的一个少数民族。维吾尔族人喜欢喝奶茶，吃肉和用面粉烤制的 馕 (nang)。他们有自己的语言和文字。他们的文学具有一种独特的民族风格，其中“ 阿凡提的故事 ”(the Story of Afanti)深受中国各族人民的喜爱。维吾尔族是个能歌善舞的民族，每逢节日和婚礼，他们都会邀请客人和他们一起跳传统民间舞蹈。他们的民歌优美动听，被广泛传唱。

在中国，人们见面时喜欢问：“你去哪儿?”或“你吃了吗?”大多数时候，人们并非真正想知道你要去哪里或吃饭了没有。实际上，那只是一种打招呼的方式。与西方的风俗相似，当你与一个陌生人开始交谈时，诸如天气、食物或爱好之类的话题可能是打破坚冰的不错选择。询问私人问题时应当慎重，但是聊些关于家乡、工作方面的话题则通常可以使谈话顺利进行。

Accustomed though we are to speaking of the films made before 1927 as "silent", the film has never been, in the full sense of the word, silent. From the very beginning, music was regarded as an【C1】______accompaniment; when the Lumiere films were shown at the first public film exhibition in the United States in February 1896, they were【C2】______by piano improvisations (即兴创作) on popular tunes. At first, the music played【C3】______no special relationship to the films; an accompaniment of any kind was【C4】______. Within a very short time, however, the incongruity (不协调) of playing lively music to a【C5】______film became apparent, and film pianists began to take some care in【C6】______their pieces to the mood of the film. As movie theaters grew in number and importance, a violinist, and perhaps a cellist, would be added to the pianist in certain【C7】______, and in the larger movie theaters small orchestras were formed. For a number of years the selection of music for each film program【C8】______entirely in the hands of the conductor or leader of the orchestra, and very often the principal【C9】______for holding such a position was not skill or taste so much as the ownership of a large personal library of musical pieces. Since the conductor seldom saw the films until the night before they were to be shown, the musical arrangement was【C10】______improvised in the greatest hurry.A) sufficient I) boreB) incredible J) qualificationC) accompanied K) solemnD) comparatively L) indispensableE) matching M) severeF) rested N) accordingG) normally O) cases H) occasions

舞龙 (the dragon dance)广受全国各民族人民的喜爱。早在 商代 (the Shang Dynasty)，就已经出现了人们聚在一起祭龙求雨的记载；此后各朝代的诗文中都有大量关于舞龙的描述。时至今日，舞龙仍是喜庆节日场合最常见的娱乐方式。全国的舞龙有上百种，表演形式越来越丰富多彩。舞龙体现了中国人团结、奋进的精神，是中华民族宝贵的文化遗产，中国文化的标志之一。

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Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteanessaybasedonthepicturebelow.Youshouldstartyouressaywithabriefdescriptionofthepictureandthendiscusstheimportanceofreading.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsbutnomorethan180words.

《清明上河图》 (Along the River during the Qingming Festival)是中国名画之一。它为 北宋 (theNorthern Song Dynasty)画家张择端所作，现收藏于 故宫博物院 (the Palace Museum)。《清明上河图》宽25．5厘米，长525厘米。画卷里，画家描绘了北宋清明时节都城的自然风光和人们的日常生活。《清明上河图》内容丰富，绘有大量的人物、树木、动物、车辆、建筑和船只。因其具有很高的历史价值和艺术价值，《清明上河图》被视为国宝。

中国是一个农业大国，也是世界农业起源地之一。水稻和小麦等农作物都原产自中国。新中国成立后，政府十分重视农业生产，不断加大农业投入，加速了农业生产的现代化进程。因此，中国农业取得了辉煌的成就。中国各种农产品的产量增长很快，谷物、棉花、 花生 (peanut)的总产量均居世界首位。依靠占世界不足10％的 耕地 (cultivatable land)，中国养活了世界1／5以上的人口。

中国武侠连续剧(Chinese Wuxia series)在西方日益受到大众的欢迎。这要归功于网络巨大的影响力。武侠剧是有关功夫大师(martial artist)的中国小说题材(genre).从电子游戏到电影，它出现于各种形式的媒介中。许多西方人一点儿汉语也不懂，但他们并不介意看屏幕上的英语译文。之前武侠剧在西方传播缓慢有很多原因，其中包括推广营销不到位以及缺乏与武侠相关的基础知识。

李白是 唐朝 (the Tang Dynasty)的著名诗人。他和他的朋友杜甫是唐代中期中国诗歌繁盛时期最杰出的两位人物。他一生四处游历，写下了大约1000首诗篇。这些诗堪称是赞美友情、享受大自然和饮酒作乐的模板。他的诗浪漫、豪迈，想象力丰富。作为一个浪漫主义天才，李白把中国的传统诗歌形式推向了一个新的高度，对后世的诗歌产生了深远的影响。

孙武是 春秋末期 (the late Spring and Autumn Period)杰出的 军事家 (strategist)。他所著的 《孙子兵法》 (Sun Zi's Art of War)是中国古代最著名的兵书，也是世界上现存最早的兵书。《孙子兵法》现存13篇，共6000字。在这不长的篇幅中，孙武全面论述了自己对战争的看法，提出了诸如知彼知己、集中优势兵力打败敌人等许多作战思想。《孙子兵法》已被译为多种文字，在世界上也享有很高的声誉。

11月11日是中国特有的“ 光棍节 ”(Singles Day)。节如其名，这个节日是专门为那些还过着单身生活的人设立的。主要的庆祝方式是和光棍朋友们聚在一起吃一顿。人们也会举办 相亲 (blind date)会，想藉此来告别单身。四个“l”不仅可以代表“单身”，还能表示“唯一”，所以这一天也成了一些人的爱情告白日。而有些人则选择在这个日子结婚。

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数世纪来，无数的外国人到中国旅行。他们都被中国迷人的风景和灿烂的文化所深深吸引。中国拥有高耸的山峰、炙热的沙漠、无垠的草原以及富饶的海洋。有着5000年历史的中国文明是世界上最古老的文明之一。古建筑、传统节日和 手工艺品 (handicraft)都展示着中国特有的文化。中国还有着50多个独特的民族以及他们各式各样的传统生活方式。