{{B}}Section A{{/B}}
[此试题无题干]
[此试题无题干]
10月23日，
三星电子公司
(Samsung Electronics)发表声明向中国消费者道歉，并作出对七款机型提供免费维修服务并延长保修期的承诺。三星希望通过道歉维持其在中国
智能手机
(smart phone)市场的主导地位。去年三星在中国销售了3000万台设备，市场占有率达到17．7％。三星并不是第一个作出道歉并承诺改善服务的公司。之前
苹果公司
(Apple)也做过同样事情并藉此开发了一大批新的消费者。
[此试题无题干]
中国的汽车业在近30年间取得了巨大的成就。在20世纪70年代，中国每年生产的轿车还不足3000辆。而在去年，我国轿车的产销量都突破了1000万辆，位居全球之首。中国的品牌车已经有了长足的进步。一些中国的一流厂家，如
上汽集团
(SAIC)和
吉利汽车
(Geely)，正开始在国外推出品牌。去年他们出口了90万辆轿车，而这个数量还会不断增加。
For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay on reasons of online game addiction and suggestions as to how to get rid of it. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.
[此试题无题干]
姚明是中国第一位国际篮球巨星，
身价
(personal wealth)超过10亿美元。前年，姚明因复发性足部和腿部伤病退出赛场。4个月后，他在上海一知名学府注册入校。学校为他量身定做了
学位课程
(degree program)，并主要采取单独授课的方式。据一家官方媒体报道，这位前篮球明星对学习有着强烈的愿望。不过姚明也表示恐怕事情太多，没那么多时间学习。
[此试题无题干]
OnChina'sNetizenPopulationForthispart,youareallowed30minutestouniteashortessayentitledOnChina'sNetizenPopulationbasedonthestatisticsprovidedinthechart.Pleasegiveabriefdescriptionofthechartfirstandthenmakecommentsonit.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsbutnomorethan180words.
[此试题无题干]
{{B}}Section C{{/B}}
[此试题无题干]
当铺(pawnshop)是中国最古老的金融行业之一。长期以来，它们为身处危急时刻的人们提供现金。然而在过去的几十年间，当铺渐渐消失了。如今它们正迎来一个繁荣发展的新时期。究其原因就是典当行能为顾客提供快速、便捷的金融服务。此外，黄金、珠宝(jewellery)、手表以及其他值钱的东西都可以典当。到前年底，全国已有5000多间典当行，总交易额(total transaction)超过2000亿人民币。
凡到过杭州的游客，肯定都在“白堤”(Bai Causeway)和“苏堤”(Su Causeway)这两条著名的长堤上面走过。据说，是曾在杭州担任地方官(local official)的中国古代著名诗人自居易和苏东坡分别主持修筑了这两道长堤。事实上，我们今天所见到的“苏堤”不完全是由苏东坡所建，而“白堤”则跟白居易没有关系。然而，人们为了表示对这两位地方官的敬意，还是用他们的名字为这两道堤岸命名。
[此试题无题干]
We've Been Imagining Mountains All Wrong, Say Scientists A)From the simplest sketches to the most advanced scientific models, illustrations of mountains pretty much all look the same. Their classic pyramid form, wider at the bottom and narrowing all the way up to the top, has been ingrained in the human mind, and scientists have always assumed that the land area in mountain ranges decreases the higher you climb. Until now, that is. B)New research published Monday in Nature Climate Change reveals a surprising discovery that not only changes the way we think about mountains but could also have big implications for how we understand, monitor and protect the organisms that call them home. It turns out mountain ranges don't just come in the familiar pyramid form—in fact, most of them have a different shape entirely. C)Researchers Morgan Tingley and Paul Elsen used satellite data on mountain ranges from around the globe to analyze how the amount of the land area changed with increasing elevation(海拔). They learned that pyramidal mountain ranges account for just 32 percent of the mountain ranges on Earth. Of the remaining mountain ranges, six percent have an inverse, or upside-down, pyramid form, with the land area increasing toward the top; 23 percent have an hourglass(沙漏)shape, being wider and at the bottom and top and pinched(挤压)in the middle; and 39 percent have a diamond form, with less land areas at the top and bottom and more available in the middle. D)"I did expect that we'd see some patterns that were not this classic pyramid," says Elsen, lead author and PhD student in Princeton University's ecology and evolutionary biology department. In fact, Elsen got interested in conducting the study while doing field research in the Himalayas. He noticed that as he hiked to the tops of the mountains, the land area seemed to increase, rather than decrease, at high elevations. Still, he says, "I had no idea that pyramid mountains would be the exception to the rule." E)It's hard to tell the true form of a mountain range just by looking at any given mountain peak, since most individual mountains still come to a point at the very top. But mountain ranges are so big, and their topography(地形)so complex, that it would be impossible to observe their true shapes just by looking at them. That's why the researchers had to analyze satellite data, looking at the total surface area in relation to elevation across the whole mountain range, to complete their study. The way the land area is distributed on a landscape scale—whether the greatest area lies at the top, bottom or in the middle when you take into account all the slopes, ravines and plateaus that make up the mountains—is what determines a mountain range's designation as a pyramid, inverse pyramid, diamond or hourglass. F)The finding doesn't just flip our view of mountain topography. More importantly, it changes our understanding of how climate change can affect mountain-dwelling species, the authors say. Organisms that live on mountains are in a particular pickle when it comes to climate change. These species tend to be highly specialized and do best in particular habitats and narrow temperature ranges. As global temperatures rise, the best way to find cooler spots is to move higher up on the mountain. But in pyramidal mountain ranges, which get narrower toward the top, moving higher also means losing the land area. Having less available space can cause populations to shrink and can put them at an increased risk of dying out entirely. G)But Elsen and Tingley's research shows that the pyramid model doesn't hold true for all, or even most mountain ranges, meaning space shortages might not always fall where scientists think they do. In hourglass mountains, for example, the most constricted(狭窄的)space will be in the middle of the mountain, rather than at the top. On the other hand, species on diamond mountains will see the widest spaces in the middle. And species on inverse pyramids will enjoy increasing land areas all the way up to the top of the mountain. H)"I think this is critical information that will really inform our understanding of mountain species," says Robert Guralnick, a biodiversity scientist and curator(馆长)at the University of Florida's natural history museum, who was not involved with the study. "The models we've been using are typically that mountain ranges are narrowing toward the top. " More realistic models and a better understanding of mountain topography can help conservationists make better decisions when monitoring and managing mountain species, the paper's authors say. "This is absolutely an important study for informing our conservation policy," Elsen says. Knowing where the land area is likely to be scarce can help conservationists target the right places and the right species. I)In some cases, new knowledge could even indicate that climate change doesn't threaten a species in quite the way scientists thought. The Himalayan monal, for example, is a colorful bird that lives in the Himalayan mountains, which have the hourglass form. Currently, the bird prefers an elevation that's right in the middle of the hourglass, says Morgan Tingley, senior author and assistant professor of ecology and evolutionary biology at the University of Connecticut. So space may be pinched for it now, but if warming temperatures force the bird into higher elevations, it will likely enjoy more space as it moves upward. J)On the other hand, a bright little bird called the beautiful nuthatch—which is already classified as a vulnerable species by the International Union for Conservation of Nature—lives just below the pinched part of the hourglass. If it were to flee to higher ground, it would lose the land area. "This current research is showing that there are potentially optimistic futures for some species, and it's also highlighting these bottleneck zones," Elsen says. K)The research is also relevant for species that move downslope in response to climate change, chasing the increased precipitation that comes with warmer temperatures. Before now, most scientists might have assumed that any species moving downhill would be able to take advantage of greater and greater land areas as it moved along. Now we know that in certain mountain ranges, these species may actually encounter a shortage in space as they move toward the base of the mountain, and their populations may shrink as a result.
科举制被证明是比它之前的任何考试制度都更公平、影响更深远。
Topic On Celebrities Accepted by Universities For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled On Celebrities Accepted by Universities following the outline given below. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words. 1．近年来，体育影视名人被大学破格录取的现象不少见 2．对此现象，有人认可有人反对 3．我的看法是……