它采用一些贵重金属作为原材料，集绘画、工艺、艺术为一体。
[此试题无题干]
BPart II Listening Comprehension/B
今天星期五。
Beauty and Body Image in the MediaA)Images of female bodies are everywhere. Women—and their body parts—sell everything from food to cars. Popular film and television actresses are becoming younger, taller and thinner. Some have even been known to faint on the set from lack of food. Women' s magazines are full of articles urging that if they can just lose those last twenty pounds, they'll have it all—the perfect marriage, loving children, great sex, and a rewarding career.B)Why are standards of beauty being imposed on women, the majority of whom are naturally larger and more mature than any of the models? The roots, some analysts say, are economic. By presenting an ideal difficult to achieve and maintain, the cosmetic and diet product industries are assured of growth and profits. And it' s no accident that youth is increasingly promoted, along with thinness, as an essential criterion of beauty. If not all women need to lose weight, for sure they're all aging, says the Quebec Action Network for Women's Health in its 2001 report. And, according to the industry, age is a disaster that needs to be dealt with.C)The stakes are huge. On the one hand, women who are insecure about their bodies are more likely to buy beauty products, new clothes, and diet aids. It is estimated that the diet industry alone is worth anywhere between 40 to 100 billion(U.S.)a year selling temporary weight loss(90% to 95% of dieters regain the lost weight). On the other hand, research indicates that exposure to images of thin, young, air-brushed female bodies is linked to depression, loss of self-esteem and the development of unhealthy eating habits in women and girls.D)The American research group Anorexia Nervosa & Related Eating Disorders, Inc. says that one out of every four college-aged women uses unhealthy methods of weight control—including fasting, skipping meals, excessive exercise, laxative(泻药)abuse, and self-induced vomiting. The pressure to be thin is also affecting young girls: the Canadian Women' s Health Network warns that weight control measures are now being taken by girls as young as 5 and 6. American statistics are similar. Several studies, such as one conducted by Marika Tiggemann and Levina Clark in 2006 titled "Appearance Culture in 9-to-12-Year-Old Girls: Media and Peer Influences on Body Dissatisfaction," indicate that nearly half of all preadolescent girls wish to be thinner, and as a result have engaged in a diet or are aware of the concept of dieting. In 2003, Teen magazine reported that 35 percent of girls 6 to 12 years old have been on at least one diet, and that 50 to 70 percent of normal weight girls believe they are overweight. Overall research indicates that 90% of women are dissatisfied with their appearance in some way. Media activist Jean Kilbourne concludes that, "Women are sold to the diet industry by the magazines we read and the television programs we watch, almost all of which make us feel anxious about our weight."E)Perhaps the most disturbing is the fact that media images of female beauty are unattainable for all but a very small number of women. Researchers generating a computer model of a woman with Barbie-doll proportions, for example, found that her back would be too weak to support the weight of her upper body, and her body would be too narrow to contain more than half a liver and a few centimeters of bowel. A real woman built that way would suffer from chronic diarrhea(慢性腹泻)and eventually die from malnutrition. Jill Barad, President of Mattel(which manufactures Barbie), estimated that 99% of girls aged 3 to 10 years old own at least one Barbie doll. Still, the number of real life women and girls who seek a similarly underweight body is epidemic, and they can suffer equally devastating health consequences. In 2006 it was estimated that up to 450,000 Canadian women were affected by an eating disorder.F)Researchers report that women's magazines have ten and one-half times more ads and articles promoting weight loss than men's magazines do, and over three-quarters of the covers of women's magazines include at least one message about how to change a woman's bodily appearance—by diet, exercise or cosmetic surgery. Television and movies reinforce the importance of a thin body as a measure of a woman' s worth. Canadian researcher Gregory Fouts reports that over three-quarters of the female characters in TV situation comedies are underweight, and only one in twenty are above average in size. Heavier actresses tend to receive negative comments from male characters about their bodies("How about wearing a sack?), and 80 percent of these negative comments are followed by canned audience laughter.G)There have been efforts in the magazine industry to buck(抵制，反抗)the trend. For several years the Quebec magazine Coup de Pouce has consistently included full-sized women in their fashion pages and Chatelaine has pledged not to touch up photos and not to include models less than 25 years of age. In Madrid, one of the world's biggest fashion capitals, ultra-thin models were banned from the runway in 2006. Furthermore Spain has recently undergone a project with the aim to standardize clothing sizes through using a unique process in which a laser beam is used to measure real life women' s bodies in order to find the most true to life measurement.H)Another issue is the representation of ethnically diverse women in the media. A 2008 study conducted by Juanita Covert and Travis Dixon titled "A Changing View: Representation and Effects of the Portrayal of Women of Color in Mainstream Women's Magazines" found that although there was an increase in the representation of women of color, overall white women were over-represented in mainstream women' s magazines from 1999 to 2004.I)The barrage of messages about thinness, dieting and beauty tells "ordinary" women that they are always in need of adjustment—and that the female body is an object to be perfected. Jean Kil-bourne argues that the overwhelming presence of media images of painfully thin women means that real women's bodies have become invisible in the mass media. The real tragedy, Kilbourne concludes, is that many women internalize these stereotypes, and judge themselves by the beauty industry's standards. Women learn to compare themselves to other women, and to compete with them for male attention. This focus on beauty and desirability "effectively destroys any awareness and action that might help to change that climate."
客家山歌(Hakka hill song)是中国民歌的一种，用客家方言演唱，主要流传于广东、广西、台湾等客家人聚居的地方。客家山歌起源于唐代(the Tang Dynasty)，已有1000多年的历史。客家山歌继承了《诗经》(TheBook of Songs)的传统风格，表现出浓郁的乡土气息。客家山歌广泛的内容和生动的语言构成了独具特色的客家文化。它是客家文化艺术的瑰宝，吸引了世人的目光。
[此试题无题干]
改革开放以来，大量农村青年进城打工，将老人留在家里，即所谓的“留守人员”。农村留守老人群体的不断扩大，带来的一系列社会问题，如经济收入低，生活质量差，安全隐患多。这些问题若得不到解决，将会影响到他们的晚年生活与身体健康，在外打工的子女也难以安心。要真正破解留守老人面临的问题，需要政府、社会各界给予更多的关怀和支持。
几年前，北京的
打工族们
(migrant workers)经常抱怨买不起房子。令他们意想不到的是，现在租房子也变成了难事。相关部门发布的最新数据显示，今年9月，北京
住房租金
(housing rent)同比上涨4．5％，已经
连续55个月
(55 consecutive months)上涨。由于房租飞涨，越来越多的年轻人不得不放弃在北京的就业机会，选择回到家乡工作。对一个城市的长久发展来说，这无疑是一个损失。
{{B}}Section C{{/B}}
它被翻译成20多种语言并在全世界广为流传。
Sex prejudices are based on and justified by the ideology (意识形态) that biology is destiny (命运). According to the ideology, basic biological and psychological differences exist between the sexes. These differences require each sex to play a separate role in social life. Women are the weaker sex—both physically and emotionally. Thus, they are naturally suited much more so than men, to the performance of domestic duties. A woman's place, under normal circumstances, is within the protective environment of the home. Nature has determined that women play care-taker roles, such as wife and mother and homemaker. On the other hand men are best suited to go out into the competitive world of work and politics, where serious responsibilities must be taken on. Men are to be the providers; women and children are "dependents". The idea also holds that women who wish to work outside the household should naturally fill these jobs that are in line with the special capabilities of their sex. It is thus appropriate for women, not men, to be employed as nurses, social workers, elementary school teachers, household helpers, and clerks and secretaries. These positions are simply an extension of women's domestic role. Informal distinctions between "women's work" and "men's work" in the labor force, according to the ideology, are simply a functional reflection of the basic differences between the sexes. Finally, the ideology suggests that nature has worked her will in another significant way. For the human species to survive over time, its members must regularly reproduce. Thus, women must, whether at home or in the labor force, make the most of their physical appearance. So goes the ideology. It is, of course, not true that basic biological and psychological differences between the sexes require each to play sex-defined roles in social life. There is much evidence that sex roles vary from society to society, and those role differences that do exist are largely learned. But to the degree people actually believe that biology is destiny and that nature intended for men and women to make different contributions to society, sex-defined roles will be seen as totally acceptable.
BSection A/B
Topic Good Wine Needs No Bush? For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled Good Wine Needs No Bush? following the outline given below. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words. 1．“酒香不怕巷子深”是什么意思 2．人们对它持什么看法 3．我的看法……
[此试题无题干]
[此试题无题干]
Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessaybasedonthepicturebelow.YoushouldstartyouressaywithabriefaccountofthepictureandthengiveyourcommentsonOptimismandPessimism.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsbutnomorethan180words.
On a more mundane (世俗的) level, third-generation mobile telephones, despite all the delays and the billions squandered on 3G licenses by telecom firms, are still expected to offer consumer highspeed, always-on mobile internet access, complete with video, in the next few years. Rapidly proliferating "wi-fi" (无线局域网) networks already offer wireless access on a local basis. Tiny tracking chips called radio-frequency identification devices are being used as passports. Soon they will be small, powerful and cheap enough to be implanted into everything. Sensors of every kind, including video cameras, should also become much smaller and cheaper. Forrester Research, a technology consultancy, predicts that 14 billion such devices will be connected to the internet by 2005. How rapidly such new technology is introduced will depend on a number of factors—the state of the economy, the supply of investment capital and the appetite of consumers for new products or services! Fortunes will be made and lost many times over. But whatever happens, the power of computing and communications looks set to continue to grow, and its price to fall, at a steady rate for the next few decades. That will make it possible, at least in rich countries, to record most human interactions, wherever and whenever they take place, and to store and analyze this ocean of data at low cost. For the sake of argument, this survey will assume that we are heading towards a networked society of ubiquitous (到处存在的), mobile communication capable of constant monitoring. Whether this arrives in 20, 30 or 40 years does not really matter. The point is that the destination seems not merely possible, but probable, so it is not too soon to ask: What do we want this technology to do? The internet has already thrown up a host of legal and political problems, but these are only a small foretaste of the dilemmas—about privacy, security, intellectual property and the nature of government itself—that will have to be faced over the coming decades. The debate has already begun. This survey will outline some of main issues, and speculate on the way they are likely to go.
[此试题无题干]
英语的分数由150分减为100分，而语文由150分增至180分。