桂林是中国著名的风景旅游城市。它位于广西东北部，面积有2．78万平方公里，人口500万。拥有2000多年历史的桂林还是一个历史文化名城。自北宋(the Northern Song Dynasty)以来，桂林就已成为广西的政治、经济及文化中心。桂林山水以山青、水秀、洞奇、石美闻名天下；桂林的交通、通讯和住宿都非常便利发达。因此每年有成千上万的国内外游客来到桂林旅游。

{{B}}Section A{{/B}}

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Topic A Letter of Invitation For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a letter to invite a linguist from your department to be the guest speaker at a gathering of your club following the outline given below. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words. 1．表示邀请 2．说明活动的性质、内容及嘉宾的任务 3．表达希望嘉宾出席的愿望

{{B}}Part III Reading Comprehension{{/B}}

BSection C/B

BPart III Reading Comprehension/B

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在过去的几十年里，除夕夜吃饺子、放烟花、看一年一度的 央视春节联欢晚会 (CCTV Spring Festival Gala)已经成为许多中国家庭的过年习俗。春节联欢晚会时长四个多小时。据央视统计，晚会每年会吸引无数观众。今年观看春晚的人数就超过了7亿，春晚为世界上观看人数最多的电视 综艺节目 (variety show)。对大多数中国人而言，春节联欢晚会是现代文化的一部分。

What do dieting and energy policy have in common? The SnackWell effect. The name comes from those tasty little cookies that are【C1】______as being lower in fat and sugar. But they often lead dieters to eat more of them than【C2】______cookies and then wonder why they're not losing weight. It turns out there's a SnackWell effect for energy use too—and it may make it tougher for us to cut back on carbon. When【C3】______conscious consumers buy an energy-efficient dishwasher, for example, they may feel less guilty about【C4】______the machine more often and as a result may not end up saving much on their utility bills. Likewise, studies indicate that people who【C5】______more-energy-efficient lights lose 5% to 12% of the expected savings by leaving them on longer. Much like dieters eating too many SnackWell's, we can fail in our attempts to save energy and money. So resist the【C6】______to raise your thermostat (恒温器) after you buy a more efficient furnace: lower the temperature by a degree and shave another 1% off your heating bill. But even if we do what Jimmy Carter did and wear a 70s-style sweater all winter, we may end up spending those energy savings somewhere else—like on a plane【C7】______to Bermuda A report estimated that【C8】______, this effect could reduce the savings from energy efficiency by 10% or more. That doesn't mean energy-efficiency measures are【C9】______—or that we should never go on vacation. But it does mean that cutting back on energy【C10】______, like dieting, is not an excuse to stuff ourselves on less guilty pleasures.A) acting E) globally I) ride M) specialB) advertised F) install J) route N) urgeC) consumption G) operated K) running O) uselessD) environmentally H) regular L) saving

他带领的军队占领了许多地方，并给这些地域造成了巨大破坏。

{{B}}Part I Writing{{/B}}

There is no denying that students should learn something about how computers work, just as we expect them at least to understand that the internal-combustion engine (内燃机) has something to do with burning fuel, expanding gases and pistons (活塞) being driven. For people should have some basic idea of how the things that they use do what they do. Further, students might be helped by a course that considers the computer's impact on society. But that is not what is meant by computer literacy. For computer literacy is not a form of literacy; it is a trade skill that should not be taught as a liberal art. Learning how to use a computer and learning how to program one are two distinct activities. A case might be made that the competent citizens of tomorrow should free themselves from their fear of computers. But this is quite different from saying that all ought to know how to program one. Leave that to people who have chosen programming as a career. While programming can be lots of fun, and while our society needs some people who are experts at it, the same is true of auto repair and violin-making. Learning how to use a computer is not that difficult, and it gets easier all the time as programs become more "user-friendly". Let us assume that in the future everyone is going to have to know how to use a computer to be a competent citizen. What does the phrase "learning to use a computer" mean? It sounds like "learning to drive a car", that is, it sounds as if there is some set of definite skills that, once acquired, enable one to use a computer. In fact, "learning to use a computer" is much more like "learning to play a game", but learning the rules of one game may not help you play a second game, whose rules may not be the same. There is no such a thing as teaching someone how to use a computer. One can only teach people to use this or that program and generally that is easily accomplished.

{{B}}Part II Listening Comprehension{{/B}}

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With the world's population estimated to grow from six to nine billion by 2050, researchers, businesses and governments are already dealing with the impact this increase will have on everything from food and water to infrastructure (基础设施) and jobs. Underlying all this【C1】______ will be the demand for energy, which is expected to double over the next 40 years. Finding the resources to meet this demand in a【C2】______ and sustainable way is the cornerstone (基石) of our nation's energy security, and will be one of the major【C3】______ of the 21st century. Alternative forms of energy-bio-fuels, wind and solar, to name a few are【C4】______ being funded and developed, and will play a growing【C5】______ in the world's energy supply. But experts say that even when【C6】______ , alternative energy sources will likely meet only about 30% of the world's energy needs by 2050. For example, even with【C7】______ investments, such as the $ 93 million for wind energy development【C8】______ in the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act, important alternative energy sources such as wind and bio-fuels【C9】______ only about 1% of the market today. Energy and sustainability experts say the answer to our future energy needs will likely come from a lot of【C10】______ both traditional and alternative.A) stable I) exactlyB) solutions J) consistC) significant K) compriseD) role L) competitionsE) progress M) combinedF) marvelous N) challengesG) included O) certainly H) growth

瓷器，和丝绸一样，是享誉海外的中国特产。

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每年的农历九月初九是中国的传统节日重阳节(the Double Ninth Festival)。重阳节有2 000多年的历史，早在唐朝时期就正式被定为民间节日。皇帝和百姓，都根据礼仪和风俗庆祝重阳节。随着时间的流逝，重阳节逐渐形成一些庆祝习俗，如出游、登高、插茱萸(cornel)。重阳节那天，全家人通常在一起庆祝节日，而离家的人则会倍加思乡。汉族的传统观念认为，数字9代表健康长寿，因此中国政府于1 989年将农历九月初九定为“老人节”。

Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestouniteashortessay.Youshouldstartyouressaywithabriefaccountofstudent'sincreasingrelianceontechnologytosolveproblems,andthenexplaintheconsequenceofover-dependenceonit.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsbutnomorethan180words.