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For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay commenting on the topic "Unhealthy Habits of College Students". You can cite examples to illustrate your point. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.

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Directions: It is very common that many young people hold several credit cards to solve their financial problems. Those people who have to pay the debt each month are called "card slave". Please write an short essay entitled On Card Slave. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.

Topic The Importance of Mutual Understanding For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled The Importance of Mutual Understanding by commenting on the remark, "In every great faith and tradition, one can find the values of tolerance and mutual understanding." You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.

毛笔，是一种源于中国的传统书写工具，也逐渐成为传统绘画工具。毛笔是汉族人民在生产实践中发明的。随着人类社会的不断发展，勤劳智慧的汉民族又不断地总结经验，存其精华，弃其糟粕，勇于探索，敢于创新。几千年以来，它为创造汉族民族光辉灿烂的文化，为促进汉民族与世界各族的文化交流，做出了卓越的贡献。毛笔是汉民族对世界艺术宝库提供的一件珍宝。

Roll-Call System on Campus 1．“点名制度”在大学中一直被老师们使用 2．学生们对此褒贬不一 3．在我看来……

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Many of the people who appear most often and most gloriously in history books are great conquerors and generals and soldiers, whereas the people who really helped civilization forward are often never mentioned at all. We do not know who first set a broken leg, or launched a seaworthy boat, or calculated the length of the year; but we know all about the killers and destroyers. People think a great deal of them, so much so that on all the highest pillars in the great cities of the world you will find the figure of a conqueror or a general or a soldier. And I think most people believe that the greatest countries are those that have beaten in battle the greatest number of other countries and ruled over them as conquerors. It is just possible they are, but they are not the most civilized. Animals fight; so do savages; hence to be good at fighting is to be good in the way in which an animal or a savage is good, but it is not to be civilized. Even being good at getting other people to fight for you and telling them how to do it most efficiently—this, after all, is what conquerors and generals have done—is not being civilized. People fight to settle quarrels. Fighting means killing, and civilized people ought to be able to find some way of setting their disputes other than by seeing which side can kill off the greater number of the other side, and then saying that that side which has killed most has won. And not only has it won, but, because it has won, it had been in the right. For that is what going to war means; it means saying that might is right.

中国银行 (Bank of China)是中国四大国有商业银行之一。它在全球范围内为个人和企业客户提供全面、优质的金融服务。自1912年成立以来，中国银行一直在中国的金融史上扮演着十分重要的角色。中国银行的业务范围涵盖商业银行、投资银行、保险和 航空租赁 (aircraft leasing)。中国银行在世界各大金融中心都开设了分支机构，并在全球30多个国家和地区建立起机构网络。

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What If You Could Learn Everything?[A] Imagine every student has a tireless personal tutor, an artificially intelligent and inexhaustible companion that magically knows everything, knows the student, and helps her learn what she needs to know. '"You guys sound like you're from the future,'" Jose Ferreira, the CEO of the education technology startup Knewton, says. "That's the most common reaction we get from others in the industry."[B] Four years ago, this kind of talk sounded like typical Silicon Valley boast from another childish founder of a technology startup. Today, Knewton says they can deliver the kinds of breakthroughs: several million data points generated daily by each of 1 million students from elementary school through college, using Knewton's "adaptive learning" technology to study math, reading, and other fundamentals. Peter Thiel, the PayPal co-founder, Facebook investor, and an early investor in Knewton, told Knewton's staff recently that the company has two key characteristics he looks for in a deal. "Before they happen, everybody thought it was impossible. Afterwards it's too late for anyone else, because they've already done it."[C] Adaptive learning is an increasingly popular saying indicating educational software that customizes its presentation of material from moment to moment based on the user's input. It's being hailed as a "revolution" by both venture capitalists and big, established education companies. Starting this fall, Knewton's technology will be available to the vast majority of the nation's colleges and universities and K-12 school districts through new partnerships with three major textbook publishers: Pearson, MacMillan, and Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. And Ferreira's done all this even though he says neither his investors nor his competition, to say nothing of the public or the press, really understand what Knewton can do.[D] But here's the vision. Within 5 or 10 years, the paper textbook and mimeographed (油印的) worksheet will be dead. Classroom exercises and homework—text, audio, video, games—will have shifted entirely to the iPad or equivalent. And adaptive learning will help each user find the exact right piece of content needed, in the exact right format, at the exact right time, based on previous patterns of use.[E] In an age of swelling class sizes, teacher layoffs, and students with a vast grouping of special needs and learning styles, some reformers greet these adaptive learning software systems as a savior that could make learning more customized and effective and teaching more efficient. While battle lines are sharp in K-12 school reform over issues from charters to the Common Core national curriculum standards, digital innovations have fans across the political scope for their power to engage students and bring the classroom into the 21st century.[F] Knewton, at base, is a recommendation engine but for learning. The recommendation engine is a core technology of the Internet, and probably one you encounter every day. Google uses recommendations: other people who entered these search terms clicked on this page, so we'll show it to you first. The more you use one of these websites, the more it knows about you—not just about your current behavior, but about all the other searches and clicks you've done. In theory, as you spend more time with a site its recommendations will become more personalized.[G] Rather than the set of all Web pages or all movies, the learning data set is, more or less, the universe of all facts. Ferreira calls these facts "atomic concepts," meaning that they're indivisible into smaller concepts. When a textbook publisher like Pearson loads its curriculum into Knewton's platform, each piece of content—it could be a video, a test question, or a paragraph of text—is tagged with the appropriate concept or concepts.[H] The platform forms a personalized study plan based on that information and decides what the student should work on next, feeding the student the appropriate new pieces of content and continuously checking the progress. A dashboard (仪表盘) shows the student how many "mastery points" have been achieved and what to do next. Teachers, likewise, can see exactly which concepts the student is struggling with, and not only whether the homework problems have been done but also how many times each problem was attempted or how many hints were needed. The more people use the system, the better it gets: and the more you use it, the better it gets for you.[I] In a traditional class, a teacher moves a group of students through a predetermined sequence of material at a single pace. Reactions are delayed—you don't get homework or pop quizzes back for a day or two. Some students are bored: some are confused. You can miss a key idea, fall behind, and never catch up. Software-enabled adaptive learning flips all of this on its head. Students can move at their own speed. They can get hints and instant feedback. Teachers, meanwhile, can spend class time targeting their help to individuals or small groups based on need.[J] The Knewton system uses its analytics to keep students motivated. If it notices that you seem to have a confidence problem, because you too often blow questions that should be easy based on previous results, it will start you off with a few questions you're likely to get right. If you're stuck, choosing the wrong answer again and again, it will throw out broader and broader hints before just showing you the right answer. It knows when to drill you on multiplication and when to give you a fun animated video to watch.[K] These are early days, and the questions are mounting. Research indicates that emotional qualities like courage, persistence, and motivation may be even more important to students' success than the knowledge or skills they acquire, and they all depend heavily on human relationships. Knowledge acquisition is the only aspect of education that today's digital technology seems especially well adapted to. So far, most software applications, platforms, apps, and games, including Knewton's, have been optimized for transferring quantitative, bounded bodies of facts in fields like math, science, or engineering, as well as basic literacy and grammar. An adaptive-learning platform like Knewton's is helpless to analyze a student's insight in class discussions, the special brilliance of an essay, or creativity in a group presentation. In a rare moment of modesty, Ferreira agrees. "In the end," he says, "maybe Knewton is just a tool."

Official health advice that said household chores help keep you active has been proved wrong by the research, which shows that the people who do the most housework are also the most overweight. A study of the physical activity habits of 4,563 adults, carried out by Professor Marie Murphy at the University of Ulster found that women and older people were particularly likely to list "【C1】______physical activity as a significant proportion of their moderate to【C2】______physical activity". Murphy said: "We found housework was reversely【C3】______to leanness, which suggests that either people are overestimating the amount of moderate-intensity physical activity they do through housework or are eating too much to【C4】______for the amount of activity undertaken." Kevin Fenton, director of health and wellbeing at Public Health England, suggested the study could【C5】______evidence that some people thought they were healthier than they actually were. "At an individual level there may be a【C6】______to overestimate the level of 'good behaviour' we're doing and this is reflected when people use food diaries, pedometers (计步器) or apps to measure more【C7】______what they have achieved." he said. But he defended everyday tasks as genuinely useful. He added: "From an individual【C8】______, physical activities such as housework, doing the shopping and walking to collect children from school, can have【C9】______impacts on physical and mental wellbeing. People who are even more active will often see greater benefits and it is important to recognise that healthy weight is just one of the potential【C10】______of physical activity."A) account E) domestic I) perspective M) relatedB) adjusted F) gentle J) positive N) tendencyC) causes G) objectively K) practically O) vigorousD) compensate H) outcomes L) reinforce

舞龙(the dragon dance)广受全国各民族人民的喜爱。早在商代(the Shang Dynasty)，就已经出现了人们聚在一起祭龙求雨的记载；此后各朝代的诗文中都有大量关于舞龙的描述。时至今日，舞龙仍是喜庆节日场合最常见的娱乐方式。全国的舞龙有上百种，表演形式越来越丰富多彩。舞龙体现了中国人团结、奋进的精神，是中华民族宝贵的文化遗产，中国文化的标志之一。

The number of speakers of English in Shakespeare's time is estimated to have been about five million. Today it is estimated that some 260 million people speak it as a native language, mainly in the United States, Canada, Great Britain, Ireland, South Africa, Australia and New Zealand. In addition to the standard varieties of English found in these areas, there are a great many regional and social varieties of the language, as well as various levels of usage that are employed both in its spoken and written forms. It is virtually impossible to estimate the number of people in the world who have acquired an adequate working knowledge of English in addition to their own language. The purposes for which English is learned and the situations in which such learning takes place are so varied that it is difficult to define and still more difficult to assess what constitutes an adequate working knowledge for each situation. The main reason for the widespread demand for English is its present-day importance as a world language. Besides serving the infinite needs of its native speakers, English is a language in which some of the most important works in science, technology, and other fields are being produced, and not always by native speakers. It is widely used for such purposes as meteorological and airport communications, international conferences, and the dissemination (传播) of information over the radio and television networks of many nations. It is a language of wider communication for a number of developing countries, especially former British colonies. Many of these countries have multilingual populations and need a language for internal communication in such matters as government, commerce industry, law and education as well as for international communication and for access to the scientific and technological development in the West.

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An Invitation to a Keynote Lecture For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a letter to invite Prof. Smith from Oxford University to give a keynote lecture in the 7th International Symposium on English Learning and Teaching. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.

Topic How to Protect Consumers' Rights? For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled How to Protect Consumers' Rights? following the outline given below. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words. 1．消费者的权益经常受到侵害，如…… 2．保护消费者权益可以从几个方面做起