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For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic Cyber Crimes. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words, and base your composition on the outline given in Chinese below:1.随着互联网的普及和应用,网络犯罪开始摆在世人面前。2.应该如何预防和打击网络犯罪成为人们必须要解决的一个难题。3.作为大学生,你应该怎么做。
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Some pessimistic experts feel that the automobile is bound to fall into disuse. They see a day in the not-too-distant future when all autos will be abandoned and allowed to rust. Other authorities, however, think the auto is here to stay. They hold that the car will remain a leading means of urban travel in the foreseeable future. The motorcar will undoubtedly change significantly over the next 30 years. It should become smaller, safer, and more economical, and should not be powered by the gasoline engine. The car of the future should be far more pollution-free than present types. Regardless of its power source, the auto in the future will still be the main problem in urban traffic congestion (拥挤). One proposed solution to this problem is the automated highway system. When the auto enters the highway system, a retractable (可伸缩的) arm will drop from the auto and make contact with a rail, which is similar to those powering subway trains electrically. Once attached to the rail, the car will become electrically powered from the system, and control of the vehicle will pass to a central computer. The computer will then monitor all of the car's movements. The driver will use a telephone to dial instructions about his destination into the system. The computer will calculate the best route, and reserve space for the car all the way to the correct exit from the highway. The driver will then be free to relax and wait for the buzzer (蜂鸣器) that will warn him of his coming exit. It is estimated that an automated highway will be able to handle 10,000 vehicles per hour, compared with the 1,500 to 2,000 vehicles that can be carried by a present-day highway.
The American economic system is organized around a basically private-enterprise, market-oriented economy in which consumers largely determine what shall be produced by spending their money in the marketplace for those goods and services that they want most. Private businessmen, striving to make profits, produce these goods and services in competition with other businessmen; and the profit motive, operating under competitive pressures, largely determines how these goods and services are produced. Thus, in the American economic system it is the demand of individual consumers, coupled with the desire of businessmen to maximize profits and the desire of individuals to maximize their incomes, that together determine what shall be produced and how resources are used to produce it. An important factor in a market-oriented economy is the mechanism by which consumer demands can be expressed and responded to by producers. In the American economy, this mechanism is provided by a price system, a process in which prices rise and fall in response to relative demands of consumers and supplies offered by seller-producers. If the product is in short supply relative to the demand, the price will be bid up and some consumers will be eliminated from the market. If, on the other hand, producing more of a commodity results in reducing its cost, this will tend to increase the supply offered by seller-producers, which in turn will lower the price and permit more consumers to buy the product. Thus, price is the regulating mechanism in the American economic system. The important factor in a private-enterprise economy is that individuals are allowed to own productive resources (private property), and they are permitted to hire labor, gain control over natural resources, and produce goods and services for sale at a profit. In the American economy, the concept of private property embraces not only the ownership of productive resources but also certain rights, including the right to determine the price of a product or to make a free contract with another private individual.
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客家山歌
(Hakka hill song)是中国民歌的一种,用客家方言演唱,主要流传于广东、广西、台湾等客家人聚居的地方。客家山歌起源于
唐代
(the Tang Dynasty),已有1000多年的历史。客家山歌继承了
《诗经》
(TheBook of Songs)的传统风格,表现出浓郁的乡土气息。客家山歌广泛的内容和生动的语言构成了独具特色的客家文化。它是客家文化艺术的瑰宝,吸引了世人的目光。
BSection C/B
In the second half of the twentieth century, many countries of the South(发展中国家)began to send students to the industrialized countries for further education. They urgently needed supplies of highly trained personnel to implement a concept of development based on modernization. But many of these students decided to stay on in the developed countries when they had finished their training. At the same time, many professionals who did return home but no longer felt at ease there also decided to go back to the countries where they had studied. In the 1960s, some Latin American countries tried to solve this problem by setting up special "return" programs to encourage their professionals to come back home. These programs received support from international bodies such as the International Organization for Migration, which in 1974 enabled over 1,600 qualified scientists and technicians to return to Latin America. In the 1980s and 1990s, "temporary return" programs were set up in order to make the best use of trained personnel occupying strategic positions in the developed countries. This gave rise to the United Nations Development Program' s Transfer of Knowledge through Expatriate(移居国外的)Nationals, which encourages technicians and scientists to work in their own countries for short periods. But the brain drain from these countries may well increase in response to the new laws of the international market in knowledge. Recent studies forecast that the most developed countries are going to need more and more highly qualified professionals around twice as many as their educational systems will be able to produce. As a result, there is an urgent need for developing countries which send students abroad to give preference to fields where they need competent people to give muscle to their own institutions, instead of encouraging the training of people who may not come back because there are no professional outlets for them. And the countries of the South must not be content with institutional structures that simply take back professionals sent abroad, they must introduce flexible administrative procedures to encourage them to return. If they do not do this, the brain drain is bound to continue.
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颐和园
(the Summer Palace)始建时便是一个
御花园
(imperial garden)。在
清朝后期
(the late QingDynasty),颐和园遭到了严重破坏。而后清朝的统治者挪用建设军队的经费重建了颐和园。目前,颐和园是世界上建筑规模最大、保存最完整的皇家园林之一,吸收了中国各地建筑的特色。近年来,中国政府几次对园内建筑进行修缮。现在,这个古老御花园的面貌焕然一新,成为公众最喜欢的公园之一。
景泰蓝
(Jing Tai Lan/Chinese cloisonne)是中国的一种传统艺术品。因其在
明朝
(the Ming Dynasty)景泰年间盛行,而且以蓝色为主,故而得名“景泰蓝”。它采用一些贵重金属作为原材料,集绘画、工艺、艺术为一体。景泰蓝典雅精美,具有独特的民族风格和浓厚的文化韵味。在
明清两朝
(the Ming and Qing Dynasties),景泰蓝都是皇家专用的器物饰品,象征着尊贵与财富。景泰蓝也在此时开始随着商船走向海外。
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For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled A Famous University Graduate's Embarrassment following the outline given below. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words. 1.名校毕业不一定能找到满意的工作 2.导致这种尴尬现象的原因是…… 3.名校大学生可以做什么努力
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崇左市因其美丽的跨国瀑布(transnational waterfalls)和独具魅力的民族文化吸引了大量的游客。
圆明园继承了中国园林建筑的传统,把不同风格的园林建筑融为一体,充分体现出和谐与完美。
同传统犯罪相比,网络犯罪(cyber crime)具有成本低、传播迅速、传播范围广等特点。网络犯罪隐蔽性高,取证困难,对社会造成了严重的危害,扰乱了社会经济秩序,对国家安全、社会文化等构成威胁。网络犯罪与时代发展息息相关,它是借助网络高科技的一种新型犯罪。打击网络犯罪、维护网络安全、营造绿色网络环境是我们共同的责任。
