填空题This passage gives a general description of the benefits of wind energy.

填空题Women in 2011 made no significant gains in winning more top us business jobs, according to a study, but the head of the study said women are poised to make (36) in the year ahead. The number of women who were board directors, corporate officers or top earners at Fortune 500 companies remained (37) unchanged, said the study by Catalyst, a nonprofit group that (38) opportunities for women in business. The percentage of companies with women on the board of directors was 15.1 percent this year, compared with 14.8 percent in 2010, Catalyst said. Also, the percentage of corporate officer positions (39) by women was 15.7 percent in 2011 and 15.4, percent in 2010, it said. The percentage of top earners in 2011 who were women was 6.2 percent, compared to 6.7 percent in 2010, it said. The research on the Fortune 500 companies was (40) on data as of March 31, 2011. The slight changes in the numbers are not considered (41) significant, Catalyst said. Nevertheless, given the changes in U.S. politics, the future for women in business looks more (42) , said Ilene Lang, president and chief executive (43) of Catalyst. "Overall we're (44) to see change next year," Lang said. "When we look at shareholders, decision makers, the general public, they're looking for change. " "What they're basically saying is, 'Don't give us (45) of the status quo(现状). Get new ideas in there, get some fresh faces,'" she said. A．officer I．essentially B．changes J．strides C．based K．promotes D．positions L．statistically E．more M．Confused F．promising N．held G．businesslike O．expecting H．surveying

填空题Contrary to the old warning that time waits for no one, time slows down when you are on the move. It also slows down more as you move faster, which means astronauts (宇航员) someday may (26) so long in space that they would return to an Earth of the (27) future. If you could move at the speed of light, your time would stand still. If you could move faster than light, your time would (28) . Although no form of matter yet (29) moves as fast as or faster than light, (30) experiments have already confirmed that accelerated (31) causes a traveler's time to be stretched. Albert Einstein predicted this in 1905, when he (32) the concept of relative time as part of his Special Theory of Relativity. A search is now under way to confirm the suspected existence of particles of matter that move at a speed greater than light, and therefore, might (33) our passports to the past. An obsession (沉迷) with time—saving, gaining, wasting, losing, and (34) it—seems to have been a part of humanity for as long as humans have existed. Humanity also has been obsessed with trying to capture the meaning of time. Einstein used a definition of time for (35) , as that which is measured by a clock. Thus, time and time's relativity are measurable by any hourglass, alarm clock, or an atomic clock that can measure a billionth of a second.Contrary to the old warning that time waits for no one, time slows down when you are on the move. It also slows down more as you move faster, which means astronauts (宇航员) someday may (26) so long in space that they would return to an Earth of the (27) future. If you could move at the speed of light, your time would stand still. If you could move faster than light, your time would (28) . Although no form of matter yet (29) moves as fast as or faster than light, (30) experiments have already confirmed that accelerated (31) causes a traveler's time to be stretched. Albert Einstein predicted this in 1905, when he (32) the concept of relative time as part of his Special Theory of Relativity. A search is now under way to confirm the suspected existence of particles of matter that move at a speed greater than light, and therefore, might (33) our passports to the past. An obsession (沉迷) with time—saving, gaining, wasting, losing, and (34) it—seems to have been a part of humanity for as long as humans have existed. Humanity also has been obsessed with trying to capture the meaning of time. Einstein used a definition of time for (35) , as that which is measured by a clock. Thus, time and time's relativity are measurable by any hourglass, alarm clock, or an atomic clock that can measure a billionth of a second.

填空题Reading Literature Makes Us Smarter and Nicer A. Gregory Currie, a professor of philosophy at the University of Nottingham, recently argued in the New York Times that we ought not to claim that literature improves us as people, because there is no "convincing evidence that suggests that people are morally or socially better for reading Tolstoy" or other great books. B. Actually, there is such evidence. Raymond Mar, a psychologist at York University in Canada, and Keith Oatley, a retired professor of cognitive (认知的) psychology at the University of Toronto, reported in studies published in 2006 and 2009 that individuals who often read fiction appear to be better able to understand other people, empathize (有同感) with them and view the world from their perspective. This link persisted even after the researchers factored in the possibility that more empathetic individuals might choose to read more novels. A 2010 study by Mar found a similar result in young children: the more stories they had read to them, the keener their "theory of mind," or mental model of other people"s intentions. C. "Deep reading"—as opposed to the often superficial reading we do on the Web—is an endangered practice, one we ought to take steps to preserve as we would a historic building or a significant work of art. Its disappearance would cause damage to the intellectual and emotional development of generations growing up online, as well as the perpetuation of a critical part of our culture: the novels, poems and other kinds of literature that can be appreciated only by readers whose brains, quite literally, have been trained to understand them. D. Recent research in cognitive science, psychology and neuroscience has demonstrated that deep reading—slow, immersive, rich in sensory detail and emotional and moral complexity—is a distinctive experience, different in kind from the mere understanding of words. Although deep reading does not, strictly speaking, require a conventional book, the built-in limits of the printed page are uniquely beneficial to the deep reading experience. A book"s lack of hyperlinks (超链接), for example, frees the reader from making decisions—Should I click on this link or not?—allowing her to remain fully focus on the narrative. E. That immersion is supported by the way the brain handles language rich in detail, implication and metaphor (暗喻): by creating a mental representation that draws on the same brain regions that would be active if the scene were displayed in real life. The emotional situations and moral dilemmas that are the stuff of literature are also vigorous exercise for the brain, prompting us inside the heads of fictional characters and even, studies suggest, increasing our real-life capacity for empathy. F. None of this is likely to happen when we"re visiting TMZ (美国名人消息网). Although we call the activity by the same name, the deep reading of books and the information-driven reading we do on the Web are very different, both in the experience they produce and in the capacities they develop. A growing body of evidence suggests that online reading may be less engaging and less satisfying, even for the "digital natives" for whom it is so familiar. G. In May 2013, for example, Britain"s National Literacy Trust released the results of a study of 34,910 young people aged 8 to 16. Researchers reported that 39% of children and teens read daily using electronic devices, but only 28% read printed materials every day. Those who read only onscreen were three times less likely to say they enjoy reading very much and a third less likely to have a favorite book. The study also found that young people who read daily only onscreen were nearly two times less likely to be above-average readers than those who read daily in print or both in print and onscreen. H. To understand why we should be concerned about how young people read, and not just whether they"re reading at all, it helps to know something about the way the ability to read evolved. "Human beings were never born to read," notes Maryanne Wolf, director of the Center for Reading and Language Research at Tufts University and author of Proust and the Squid: The Story and Science of the Reading Brain . Unlike the ability to understand and produce spoken language, which under normal circumstances will show up according to a program dictated by our genes, the ability to read must be acquired by each individual through effort. The "reading circuits" we construct are recruited from structures in the brain that evolved for other purposes—and these circuits can be weak or they can be strong, depending on how often and how vigorously we use them. I. The deep reader, protected from distractions and adapted to the tiny differences of language, enters a state that psychologist Victor Nell, in a study of the psychology of pleasure reading, likens to a hypnotic trance (催眠性迷睡). Nell found that when readers are enjoying the experience the most, the pace of their reading actually slows. The combination of fast, fluent decoding of words and slow, unhurried progress on the page gives deep readers time to enrich their reading with reflection, analysis, and their own memories and opinions. It gives them time to establish an intimate relationship with the author, the two of them engaged in an extended and passionate conversation like people falling in love. J. This is not reading as many young people are coming to know it. Their reading is practical and instrumental: the difference between what literary critic Frank Kermode calls "carnal (肉体的) reading" and "spiritual reading." If we allow our offspring to believe carnal reading is all there is—if we don"t open the door to spiritual reading, through an early insistence on discipline and practice—we will have cheated them of an enjoyable, even extremely exciting experience they would not otherwise have. And we will have deprived them of an enlightening experience that will enlarge them as people. Observing young people"s attachment to digital devices, some progressive educators and tolerant parents talk about needing to "meet kids where they are," guiding them around their onscreen habits. This is mistaken. We need, rather, to show them someplace they"ve never been, a place only deep reading can take them.

填空题No matter what the methods we use, the final result is that we will need to decrease CO2emissions by 70% to 80% simply to stabilize ______.

填空题He hurried to the railway station,______ (却发现火车已开走了).

填空题Individuals always overgrazed "the common land" because their own lands are not fertile enough.

填空题Buying clothes ______ (是一件很耗时的工作), because those clothes that a person likes are rarely the ones that fit him or her.

填空题Speaking of pizzas, _________________ (并非所有意大利人都喜欢吃).

填空题Ancient cave art and more recent paintings and sculpture illustrate only people's fear about bears.

填空题just, justice, justify, adjust

填空题In the 1980s; the amount of money one made appeared to be the only measurement of his or her success.

填空题Only about two percent of Antarctica peeks through the thick sheets of ice that blanket the continent. In the winter, the lowest recorded temperatures (without wind chill) have reached -89℃ (-129°F). The continent averages 2.4 kilometers in height (1.5 miles) above sea level, making it 1.5 kilometers (almost a mile) higher than the global average land height! Each year the South Pole receives less than an inch of water...in the form of snow, of course! This amount of precipitation is similar to that of another desert, the Sahara! Katabatic winds, reaching 300 kilometers per hour (185 miles/hour), blow out of the continental interior and make the Antarctic coastal regions rather breezy. Antarctica is an important part of Earth's system. By acting as a global heat sink, it helps control our climate and weather. The stability of the Antarctic ice sheets is of concern to those living in low-lying areas; they contain enough water to raise global sea level almost 70 meters. Antarctica holds 70% of Earth's freshwater, and 91% of Earth's ice! Antarctica influences our global ocean. Cold, dense, oxygen-rich water originates in Antarctica and replenishes the ocean's supply of bottom water, helping to drive ocean circulation. The sea surrounding Antarctica supports marine life from tiny ice- dwelling algae to the great whales. Through investigations of Antarctica we will develop a better understanding of how this vast, ice-covered continent responds to environmental change. This knowledge will better enable us to predict the response of all of Earth's systems to future environmental changes. Antarctica is located in the Southern Hemisphere (the half of the globe that is south of the equator). The continent overlies the south pole and covers 13,824,000 square kilometers (5,400,000 square miles). It is the fifth largest landmass on the globe. Early Greek geographers hypothesized the existence of Antarctica well before anyone actually saw the continent. They believed that a landmass must exist at the bottom of the world to balance the land in the Northern Hemisphere. They called the mythological land "Antarctica," meaning "opposite the Arctic." No one set foot on the continent until John Davis went ashore on the Antarctic Peninsula in 1820.