填空题Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one wordfor each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passagethrough carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter.Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line throughthe centre. {{U}}You may not use anv of the words in the bank more than once.{{/U}}Female cheetahs (猎豹) at the Bronx Zoo in New York just love Calvin Klein's Obsession forMen perfume (香水). No, they don't {{U}} {{U}} 1 {{/U}} {{/U}}their favorite perfume behind their ears, but they do enjoyrubbing up against tree stumps sprayed with the scent. This is part of a program of the Wildlife Conservation Society, which {{U}} {{U}} 2 {{/U}} {{/U}}New York City'szoos and aquariums, to keep animals healthy and happy. "We want to enrich the daily lives of theanimals, both {{U}} {{U}} 3 {{/U}} {{/U}}and psychologically," Diana Reiss, a senior research scientist at the ConservationSociety, told the reporter. "One of the ways we do that is offering our animals different kinds ofscents to give them {{U}} {{U}} 4 {{/U}} {{/U}}." The scents provide a way to {{U}} {{U}} 5 {{/U}} {{/U}}the animals. Reiss said smell is essential to the lives ofanimals. "With our cheetahs at the Bronx Zoo, we worked from inexpensive perfumes to expensiveperfumes," she said. "The one they respond to the most is Calvin Klein Obsession for Men. Butthey also respond to {{U}} {{U}} 6 {{/U}} {{/U}}perfumes." The wildlife workers test the animals' {{U}} {{U}} 7 {{/U}} {{/U}}to various scents by {{U}} {{U}} 8 {{/U}} {{/U}}tree stumps with differentperfumes or placing cinnamon or other spices (香料) in the animals'{{U}} {{U}} 9 {{/U}} {{/U}}. "We'll observe howmuch time they spend in that area," Reiss said. But not all animals have {{U}} {{U}} 10 {{/U}} {{/U}}tastes when it comes toscents, Reiss said. Female cheetahs at the Bronx Zoo may rank Obsession for Men as their favoriteperfume. But forget that for the pumas and lynx at the Queens Zoo. They like something that reallysmells. A. physically F. response [K] environment B. spend G. spraying [L] activity C. apply [H] high-class [M] variety D. stimulate [I] mentally [N] establishes E. inexpensive [J] operates [O] showering

填空题It is useful to lecture your kids about spending, saving and sharing when doing out their pocket money if you spend every free weekend afternoon at the mall.

填空题When the European settlers came to America, the cities there were described as bad places to live in some books.

填空题The United States is the world's No.1 emitter of greenhouse gases.

填空题It was Mexicans that first used poinsettias on the hearth to celebrate Christmas.

填空题Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the hank more than once.Many parents depend on punishment as a way of disciplining their children or punishing them for misbehaviour. Punishment can take many {{U}} {{U}} 1 {{/U}} {{/U}}. Some parents physically punish their children in different ways. Other parents {{U}} {{U}} 2 {{/U}} {{/U}}punish their children, for example, by threatening or shouting at them. Still others use various punishments, such as making their children sit in a comer. Research {{U}} {{U}} 3 {{/U}} {{/U}}shows that punishing children may work in the short run, but it does not work in the long run. In the short run, it stops {{U}} {{U}} 4 {{/U}} {{/U}}behaviour. Children will generally stop using bad words, for example, if they are scolded seriously, punished with a slap on the behind, or not given the dessert. The dramatic {{U}} {{U}} 5 {{/U}} {{/U}}that often follows punishment can immediately reinforce an adult. More often than not, this success can tempt a parent to use the punishment {{U}} {{U}} 6 {{/U}} {{/U}}. The tricky condition comes later, however, often well after the punishing {{U}} {{U}} 7 {{/U}} {{/U}}is over. In the long run, punishment is likely to cause several problems. One is that to be effective, punishment must be rather {{U}} {{U}} 8 {{/U}} {{/U}}. A mother's shaking her head in mild disapproval is {{U}} {{U}} 9 {{/U}} {{/U}}to stop children from fighting; for some, only loud words and physical punishment will work. But serious punishment does great {{U}} {{U}} 10 {{/U}} {{/U}}to a young child — a thorough spanking (用手掌打屁股) risks physical harm and abuse and can be a humiliating (屈辱的) experience. A．likely B．verbally C．unlikely D．measures E．unwanted F．failure G．incident H．harm I．success J．consistently K．condition L．repeatedly M．serious N．forms O．unwelcome

填空题After the slavery was ended, two major types of music developed from Negroes' work songs.

填空题Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2. Exercise to Protect Aging Bodies—and Brains A. We all know that exercise is good for you. Staying physically active helps keep your heart healthy and your muscles strong, and in cancer patients it has even been shown to ward off relapse (复发). Now a series of independently conducted studies on the effects of exercise on healthy older adults, published in the Archives of Internal Medicine, confirms that logging time at the gym not only helps maintain good health but may even prevent the attack of chronic diseases, such as heart disease, osteoarthritis and dementia. B. In one surprising trial, researchers led by Dr Teresa Liu-Ambrose at the University of British Columbia randomly assigned 155 aging women to three separate groups and directly compared the cognitive effects of two types of exercise: resistance training, done once or twice weekly, in which participants worked out with free weights and weight machines and did squats and lunges, versus toning and balance exercises, which participants did twice a week. C. By the end of the yearlong study, the women who weight-trained saw an improvement in their performance on cognitive tests of memory and learning as well as in executive functions such as decision-making and conflict resolution—women who trained once a week improved their scores in executive functioning by 12.6%—while those who did balance and toning exercises showed no such improvement. The muscle-strengthening exercise also helped the volunteers, ages 65 to 75, boost their walking speed, a commonly used indicator of overall health status in the elderly, as faster pace has been linked with lower mortality. D. The Canadian researchers' findings were somewhat unexpected, given that previous studies on the issue have typically focused on aerobic exercise, which experts believe enhances cognitive function by promoting blood flow to the brain. Liu-Ambrose says her team speculated that anaerobic weight training would have a similar effect for other reasons. First, a resistance-training regimen requires a considerable amount of learning, especially for elderly people who may not be accustomed to the equipment. To learn how to use dumbbells, a leg press or a latissimus pull-down machine correctly, for example, the volunteers were required to focus on the task at hand, master new techniques and retain new information about proper and safe use of equipment. Previous studies have shown that such learning can help older adults maintain mental acuity. E. The women also had to remember their weight settings and adjustments to the seats and keep track of the number of repetitions they completed, says Liu-Ambrose. "There is a lot more learning involved that may not occur if you take up a walking program," she says, noting that it took the volunteers a good two months to get comfortable with the equipment and the training regimen. In addition, Liu-Ambrose says, other studies have found that people who weight-train show an increase in blood levels of a growth factor that is important for maintaining skeletal mass. This factor, it turns out, also promotes nerve growth, which could be another way that resistance training boosts mental function. F. In a second brain-function study, published in the same journal, scientists in Germany found that increased physical activity was associated with a lower incidence of dementia. In this study, researchers recruited 3,485 elderly residents in Bavaria and asked them about their physical activity. None of the participants had dementia at the start of the analysis, but after two years of follow-up, researchers found that those who exercised at least three times a week were half as likely to have developed dementia, compared with the people who reported no physical activity. Based on his results, says lead author Dr Thorleif Etgen, a professor of psychiatry and psychotherapy at München University, "it doesn't make a big difference if you have moderate or high physical activity. The important message is that you do any activity. And even if you start late in life, at 60 or 70, there is a benefit, for it's never too late to start exercising." G. The key words are "moderate or high", according to another study that was published in the Archives of Internal Medicine. Dr Qi Sun, a researcher at Harvard School of Public Health, analyzed 13,000 women participating in the Nurses' Health Study and found that when it came to exercise, more was better. Compared with women who jogged for 20 minutes a week, those who jogged three hours a week or walked briskly for five hours a week were 76% more likely to age successfully, free of chronic illnesses such as cancer and heart disease, as well as mental and physical impairment. Sun's group found that this benefit occurred across all weight divisions, meaning that even among those who were overweight or obese, women who exercised improved their odds of aging without chronic disease. The effects may apply across different age groups as well; the women were at least 60 years old by the time they enrolled in the study, and while Sun was not able to determine how long they had been exercising prior to that, the results suggest that the health benefits are not limited to the young. H. That was the same message of the final exercise paper in the journal, by researchers at University of Erlangen-Nuremberg in Germany. In this trial, a group of 246 elderly women were randomly assigned to an 18-month exercise regimen or wellness program. The women participating in the four-times-weekly exercise sessions, which involved aerobics and balance and muscle training, improved their bone mineral density by nearly 2%. The women in the wellness group, which focused on walking, muscle relaxation and breathing skills, had a 0.33% increase in bone mineral density over the same time period. I. Despite the positive evidence, however, not all researchers are ready to suggest that exercise is a sure-fire prescription against mental decline or chronic disease in healthy people. To make that claim, a large, longer-term, controlled trial would be needed, in which participants are randomly assigned to exercise or not, and are then followed for the development of chronic conditions such as cancer, heart disease or dementia. Still, says Dr Marco Pahor, director of the Institute on Aging at the University of Florida and author of a commentary on the studies appearing in the journal, "if you pool all the evidence together, the benefits of exercise seem promising."

填空题If one has a larger vocabulary, he or she will be a better thinker and a better ______.

填空题_________________ (要是情况到极点), we will find a smaller apartment to move into.

填空题Is it a bird? Is it a plane? Is it superman? Investors can't seem to figure out whether the recent leaps in stock prices represent a brief increase in a falling market or Something more (36) , even the start of a brand-new bull run. After all, there have been five other countertrend moves since the bear market began in October 2007, and they all (37) away within a couple of months as the (38) backdrop continued to deteriorate (恶化). Most analysts believe the economic mess has hardly been cleaned up: the American consumer is still deep in (39) , housing inventories continue to mount across the world and green shoots are sprouting (发芽) only because of massive government spending. Herein lies the key. The trillions of dollars in spending programs can (40) stimulate the economy, at least for a few quarters, reviving growth this year. The broad consensus is that the US-led (41) economy faces too many structural obstacles to enter a meaningful expansion phase, and that likely will be correct, but in the long (42) . The road map for the United States today is similar to that of Japan in the 1990s; but (43) to popular perception, that does not mean an unabated (不减弱的) dip in stocks and the economy. Japanese stocks participated in some significant rallies during that decade, including three jumps of about 50 percent, all of which (44) with a temporary economic upturn. These recoveries were (45) by government spending packages or export-led growth when the global economy was strong. A. coincided F. indeed K. contrary B. fundamental G. advantage L. never C. term H. triggered M. global D. meaningful I. debt N. emerged E. destroyed J. faded O. apparent

填空题During Shakespeare's time, lots of people went to live in the city probably to have a rest.

填空题Many of the most damaging and life threatening types of weather--torrential rains, severe thunderstorms, and tornadoes--begin quickly, strike suddenly, and disappear rapidly, destroying small regions while leaving neighboring areas untouched. Such event as a tornado struck the northeastern section of Edmonton, Alberta, in July 1987. Total damages from the tornado exceeded ＄250 million, the highest ever for any Canadian storm. Conventional computer models of the atmosphere have limited value in predicting short lived local storms like the Edmonton tornado, because the available weather data are generally not detailed enough to allow computers to study carefully the subtle atmospheric changes that come before these storms. In most nations, for example, weather-balloon observations are taken just once every twelve hours at locations typically separated by hundreds of miles. With such limited data, conventional forecasting models do a much better job predicting general weather conditions over large regions than they do forecasting specific local events. Until recently, the observation intensive approach needed for accurate, very short-range forecasts, or "Nowcasts", was not feasible. The cost of equipping and operating many thousands of conventional weather stations was extremely high, and the difficulties involved in rapidly collecting and processing the raw weather data from such a network were hard to overcome. Fortunately, scientific and technological advances have overcome most of these problems. Radar systems, automated weather instruments, and satellites are all capable of making detailed, nearly continuous observation over large regions at a relatively low cost. Communications satellites can transmit data around the world cheaply and instantaneously, and modem computers can quickly compile and analyze this large volume of weather reformation. Meteorologists (气象学者) and computer scientists now work together to design computer programs and video equipment capable of transforming raw weather data into words, symbols, and vivid graphic displays that forecasters can interpret easily and quickly. As meteorologists have begun using these new technologies in weather forecasting offices, Nowcasting is becoming a reality.

填空题______ work would destroy the scheme.

填空题We"re now witnessing the emergence of an advanced economy based on information and knowledge. 1 , raw materials, and capital are no longer the key ingredients in the creation of wealth. Now, the 2 raw material in our economy is knowledge. Tomorrow"s wealth depends on the development and exchange of knowledge. And 3 entering the workforce offer their knowledge, not their muscles. Knowledge workers get paid for their education and their ability to learn. Knowledge workers 4 mind work. They deal with symbols, words, figures and data. What does all this mean for you? As a future knowledge worker, you can expect to be 5 , processing, as well as exchanging information. 6 , three out of four jobs involve some form of mind work, and that number will increase sharply in the future. Management and employees alike will be making 7 in such areas as product development, quality control and customer satisfaction. In the new world of work, you can 8 being in constant training to acquire new skills that will help you keep up with improved technologies and 9 . You can also expect to be taking greater control of your career. Gone are the nine-to-five jobs, lifetime security, predictable promotions, and even the 10 workplace, as you are familiar with. Don"t expect the companies will provide you with a clearly defined career path. And don"t wait for someone to "empower" you. You have to empower yourself.

填空题Education in America and that in the author's country are different and American education puts more emphasis on hands than on books.