智能手机日益渗入人们的生活。许多年轻人似乎一刻也离不开它。在大街上，经常可以看到一些年轻人不停地用智能手机拍照，添加一段说明，然后放到微博(microblog)或微信(WeChat)上。的确，智能手机为人们的沟通提供了前所未有的便利,它让人们能随时随地与朋友互动，分享新鲜事。但是，相关学者对此也表示了担忧。因为智能手机反而使身边的人疏远了。

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For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay commenting on the saying "Persistent people begin their success where others end in failure." You can cite examples to illustrate the importance of perseverance. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.

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对于大多数年轻人来说，结婚意味着独立组建家庭，然而物价的不断上涨使这一切变得越来越困难。

特别值得一提的是，司马迁不仅参考皇家的历史记录，还走遍中国求证信息的真伪。

Topic Better Act Now than Later For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled Better Act Now than Later by referring to the saying, "Don't put off till tomorrow what should be done today." You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.

中国国家深海基地 (the China National Deep Sea Center)将于明年对中国和世界开放以进行深海探索。基地将占地26 公顷 (hectare)，征用海域62．7公顷。该中心将作为一个连接科学家需求与技术研究及发展的桥梁。基地将为深海设备提供技术支持和维护保养，而科学家们则可以申请使用这些深海装备。随着对深海基地建设的集中关注，中国正在努力加速海洋勘探。

此外，即便在市中心某些地方，也没有将自行车道及机动车道分隔开的清晰标识。

Need a Brain Boost? Exercise!A) If you spend your workday at a desk, you know that familiar and dreaded feeling: the mid-afternoon slump. E-mails take a bit longer to compose, documents take longer to read. It's expected, given that you spend most of your time in a chair. To combat your mental fatigue, you reach for artificial stimulation in the form of caffeine, sugar or energy drinks.B) However, all you need to sharpen your mental acuity (敏锐) is something you already own: your legs. This should come as little surprise. Mental fatigue sets in after you've been sitting for an extended period of time and walking around is an easy way to temporarily increase your alertness. But a few types of extended physical activity can have measurable impact on your mental acuity.C) According to recent research, a single workout can immediately boost higher-order thinking skills, making you more productive and efficient as you labor through your workday. When you exercise your legs, you also exercise your brain; this means that a lunchtime workout can improve your cognitive performance, thanks to blood flow and brain food. Brain-derived neurotrophic (神经营养的) factor, or BDNF, is a protein that facilitates the growth of neurons and nourishes existing ones. It improves executive function, a type of higher-order thinking that allows people to formulate arguments, develop strategies, creatively solve problems and synthesize information. BDNF sits idly at the synapses (神经键) of your brain neurons and crosses the synapses only with the increased blood flow that comes with exercise.D) Writers have long used exercise to unleash their creative powers. William Wordsworth composed his poems while walking. According to Adam Sisman, author of "The Friendship: Wordsworth not a word of it waswritten down before they reached Bristol, and not a line altered afterwards." Novelist Susan Henderson often goes hiking for two or three hours. " For my first draft, I'll go into the woods," she says. "I'll go with a specific question or dilemma, and talk it out into the voice recorder on my phone." Craig Finn of the band the Hold Steady uses running as a way to gather song ideas; "Long runs are a very meditative time. My mind gets to a crazy, unique place once I get above 10 miles. It's a time for some very clear thinking. I don't know that it's conscious, but I always feel inspired to write after I run."E) Fortunately, you don't have to run 10 miles to boost your executive function. Several studies have shown that a short aerobic (有氧的) workout gives your brain an immediate boost According to Charles Hillman, professor of kinesiology and community health at the University of Illinois, as little as 20 minutes of aerobic exercise at 60 to 70 percent of your maximum heart rate is enough.F) Your choice of exercise also makes a difference. A calm mind is key. The less you pay attention to external stimuli—like a book or your environment—the greater the benefit later, because any activity that requires extended concentration involves the same higher-order thinking skills you need after the run. In other words, the more rested your mind during exercise, the better your post-workout problem-solving skills.G) This is bad news if you like to read while exercising. But it's even worse for people who combine their gaming fix with exercise. Hillman said that in a recent study, treadmill runners fared better on post-exercise tests than those who played Wii Fit. "With Wii Fit, you're exercising, but you're also cognitively responding to, and accounting for, things in your environment, he says. "This is much like the urban environment, where you have to stop for traffic and pedestrians. You have a busy mind to go along with that busy body."H) The concept of the calm mind is why you might not even need to elevate your heart rate to reap the benefits. All you have to do is head for the hills, or at least the trail, and get away from the concrete jungle. According to a 2008 study from the University of Michigan, nature stimulates creativity and strengthens cognitive powers better than urban environments. This is the idea behind Attention Restoration Theory, which assumes that a strong mind always needs time to be refreshed. In an urban environment, your mind is never at ease. You have to pay attention to all sorts of external stimuli, such as cars in crosswalks and people on sidewalks. It's survival mode. What you need is a workout that involves involuntary attention. This type of attention requires no extra work on your brain's part. You use it when you notice the cherry blossoms or the beauty of Rock Creek Park. It doesn't take any extra effort to notice the pretty things; you just do it. According to the researchers at University of Michigan, natural environments are much better than urban environments at restoring and improving cognitive functioning.I) A natural environment gives the directed-attention part of your brain some vacation time, allowing it to refresh. " Simple and brief interactions with nature can produce marked increasein cognitive control," according to the researchers. The best part? The participants in the study were walkers, not runners. For most people, walking is a more practical option.J) Don't like to run, or even walk? No problem. You can be flexible in your workout routine. Literally. Yoga may also improve cognitive functioning, according to a recent study. One of the authors, Neha Gothe, an assistant professor of education at Wayne State University, said that when you practice yoga, you're not only moving, you're in touch with your body movements. " This awareness might be the reason why you keep distracting parts away and focus on the task at hand," she says. So while yoga involves focus, it's a different kind: It requires a mind-body connection, not a connection to external stimuli. In this way, yoga allows your mind time to rest by keeping external thoughts like workplace stress at bay.K) No matter your workout, most researchers agree that the cognitive benefits last for at least an hour after exercise. So the next time you need to give your brain a boost, skip the energy drink and grab your workout gear.

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它收藏的无数珍宝对于研究西藏的政治、经济、历史和文化都具有重大的价值。

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2010年， 微电影 (micro film) 《老男孩》 (Old Boy)被贴在一个视频网站并大受欢迎。从此，微电影开始盛行。微电影的长度从3分钟到半小时不等。成本低廉，拍摄过程简单，这使得很多 草根艺人 (grassroots artist)得以有机会来拍摄。人们喜欢在线观看电视节目的偏好也为微电影的发展提供了绝佳的机会。在这个快节奏的社会里，微电影正好可以解决人们没有太多时间来娱乐的问题。

A remarkable variety of insects live in this planet. More species of insects exist than all other animal species together. Insects have survived on earth for more than 300 million years, and may possess the ability to survive for millions more. Insects can be found almost everywhere—on the highest mountains and on the bottom of rushing streams, in the cold South Pole and in bubbling hot springs. They dig through the ground, jump and sing in the trees, and run and dance in the air. They come in many different colors and various shapes. Insects are extremely useful to humans, pollinating (授粉) our crops as well as flowers in meadows, forests, deserts and other areas. But ticks and some insects, such as mosquitoes and fleas, can transmit disease. There are many reasons why insects are so successful at surviving. Their amazing ability to adapt permits them to live in extreme ranges of temperatures and environments. The one place they have not yet been found to any major extent is in the open oceans. Insects can survive on a wide range of natural and artificial foods—paint, pepper, glue, books, grain, cotton, other insects, plants and animals. Because they are small, they can hide in tiny spaces. A strong, hard but flexible shell covers their soft organs and is resistant to chemicals, water and physical impact. Their wings give them the option of flying away from dangerous situations or toward food or mates. Also, insects have an enormous reproductive capacity: An African ant queen can lay as many as 43,000 eggs a day. Another reason for their success is the strategy of protective color. An insect may be right before our eyes, but nearly invisible because it is cleverly disguised like a green leaf, lump of brown soil, gray lichen (青苔), a seed or some other natural object. Some insects use bright, bold colors to send warning signals that they taste bad, sting or are poison. Others have wing patterns that look like the eyes of a huge predator, confusing their enemies. Some insects also imitate bitter-tasting insects; hungry enemies are fooled into avoiding them.

For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the topic "If you want to understand today, you have to search yesterday." You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.

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