填空题Pulling an All-nighter Affects Your Body There"s been a lot of talk on Wall Street lately about the grueling (令人精疲力竭的) hours that junior staff, interns, and analysts, have to work in order to get ahead. Bank of America, Goldman Sachs, and J.P. Morgan have all announced that they"ll start encouraging their young employees to take more time off. It"s an effort to improve their 11 of life so they don"t jump ship for other companies in and out of the financial space once they"ve been 12 . It could be 13 to make this new policy stick, because on Wall Street, the all-nighter (通宵；熬夜) is almost a rite of passage. Here"s how it works—You"re on an important project, and your boss 14 there"s a mistake in the data, or the client pushes up a meeting, or you"re just 15 on a deadline. The project has to get done, so you"re not going home. 16 , spending the night deep in Excel instead of deep under your covers isn"t just killer for your social life, it also 17 your body. According to study in the US National Library of Medicine and National Institute of Health, lack of sleep affects your brain"s frontal lobes (大脑额叶), 18 down their communications. Meanwhile, scientists tested subjects for speed and 19 after an all-nighter. They found, because of their inability to concentrate, that subjects had to be fast or accurate. They were 20 to do both. In fact, the disadvantages of an all-nighter are far more than these. A. accuracy E. Fortunately I. Obviously M. Suddenly B. crashing F. hard J. quality N. trained C. capable G. hurts K. realizes O. unable D. feasible H. majority L. slowing

填空题I____________(可能告诉过你)about it, but I don't remember it now.

填空题Barack and Michelle Obama understand the heavy burden of student loan debt. The Obamas did not pay off their student loans until Obama's best-selling books earned them millions of dollars. With the cost of a college education (47) , more than 60% of students take out loans to fund their undergraduate education. On average, students who borrow graduate with debts of 22,700--a (48) of more than 18% from 2000. But some of those with a newly acquired bachelor's degree are restrained with debts of 40,000 or more. You think this economy's tough? Try finding a job with the (49) of repaying tens of thousands of dollars in debt. Now, a new federal program--Income-Based Repayment--is making it (50) to pay back these loans. If a student chooses to repay her or his loan with this plan, payments are then readjusted--based on their income to something they can (51) afford. All debt will be forgiven after 25 years. A graduate who earns less than 150% of the (52) line won't have to make any payments. This is in addition to the year-old Public Service Loan For-giveness program for those (53) in jobs such as law enforcement, public health and social work. Their loans will be forgiven after 10 years. This (54) isn't perfect; the loans have to be federal loans, not (55) But students with more than one federal student loan can combine them under the program. In some cases, borrowers with large debt and low-to- moderate incomes may benefit at the end of 25 years, with the (56) of their debt forgiven. Others with higher incomes, though, will pay more.A) earningB) StateC) risingD) jumpE) pressureF) initiativeG) povertyH) publicI) balanceJ) raising K) private L) barely M) easier N) working O) reasonably

填空题The computer has brought about surprising changes__________________(在我们处理信息的方式上).

填空题Today, ______(逐渐认识到) the fact that China must exercise positive influence on international affairs.

填空题Not until he got a serious illness ______ (他才认识到健康的重要性).

填空题I had great difficulty _________________________ (说服他做正确的事).

填空题Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph, is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2. Ancient Egyptian Sculpture A. In order to understand ancient Egyptian art, it is vital to know as much as possible of the elite Egyptians' view of the world and the functions and contexts of the art produced for them. Without this knowledge we can appreciate only the formal content of Egyptian art, and we will fail to understand why it was produced or the concepts that shaped it and caused it to adopt its distinctive forms. B. In fact, a lack of understanding concerning the purposes of Egyptian art has often led it to be compared unfavorably with the art of other cultures: Why did the Egyptians not develop sculpture in which the body turned and twisted through space like classical Greek statuary? Why do the artists seem to get left and right confused? And why did they not discover the geometric perspective as European artists did in the Renaissance? The answer to such questions has nothing to do with a lack of skill or imagination on the part of Egyptian artists and everything to do with the purposes for which they were producing their art. C. The majority of three-dimensional representations, whether standing, seated, or kneeling, exhibit what is called frontality: they face straight ahead, neither twisting nor turning. When such statues are viewed in isolation, out of their original context and without knowledge of their function, it is easy to criticize them for their rigid attitudes that remained unchanged for three thousand years. Frontality is, however, directly related to the functions of Egyptian statuary and the contexts in which the statues were set up. Statues were created not for their decorative effect but to play a primary role in the cults of the gods, the king, and the dead. They were designed to be put in places where these beings could manifest themselves in order to be the recipients of ritual actions. Thus it made sense to show the statue looking ahead at what was happening in front of it, so that the living performer of the ritual could interact with the divine or deceased recipient. D. Very often such statues were enclosed in rectangular shrines or wall niches whose only opening was at the front, making it natural for the statue to display frontality. Other statues were designed to be placed within an architectural setting, for instance, in front of the monumental entrance gateways to temples known as pylons, or in pillared courts, where they would be placed against or between pillars: their frontality worked perfectly within the architectural context. E. Statues were normally made of stone, wood, or metal. Stone statues were worked from single rectangular blocks of material and retained the compactness of the original shape. The stone between the arms and the body and between the legs in standing figures or the legs and the seat in seated ones was not normally cut away. From a practical aspect this protected the figures against breakage and psychologically gives the images a sense of strength and power, usually enhanced by a supporting back pillar. By contrast, wooden statues were carved from several pieces of wood that were pegged together to form the finished work, and metal statues were either made by wrapping sheet metal around a wooden core or cast by the lost wax process. F. The arms could be held away from the body and carry separate items in their hands; there is no back pillar. The effect is altogether lighter and freer than that achieved in stone, but because both perform the same function, formal wooden and metal statues still display frontality. G. Apart from statues representing deities, kings, and named members of the elite that can be called formal, there is another group of three-dimensional representations that depicts generic figures, frequently servants, from the non-elite population. The function of these is quite different. Many are made to be put in the tombs of the elite in order to serve the tomb owners in the afterlife. Unlike formal statues that are limited to static poses of standing, sitting, and kneeling, these figures depict a wide range of actions, such as grinding grain, baking bread, producing pots, and making music, and they are shown in appropriate poses, bending and squatting as they carry out their tasks. H. It is suggested that one choose something to read about the archaeology before he goes to carry on the research. It is interesting that many try to understand the old things in their own perspective. One tends to consider that the big bowl is for the ancient male and the small one for the female because that is basically the case in the world now. However, in most of the ancient time, female individuals use the bigger one instead of their husbands because there used to be a period—or there is in some remote areas-when the mother enjoys a greater respect over the father. That is very different from today's situation. I. No one is sure of the reason for setting the statues into the tomb. The first group thinks that the servants taking the forms of the statues would still be with those who died there, in the afterlife. There come the same cases in other Asian countries including China, Japan and India. And there may be something more horrific. In the ancient China, nobles seldom died lonely since shortly after their death, their emperors would choose some children to follow them. And this is said to set up a group of servants who would make service for the dead. However, the second group counters this opinion by saying that this may be a way to reserve the love from the living family members and from other friends. When laid in the tomb, the servants could represent those who love the dead and still be with them.

填空题When it comes to history, he always ________________ (总是将战争与此联系起来).

填空题Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet2 with a single line through the center. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once. Among the early Greeks, Aristotle was the first to watch living things and to try to {{U}} {{U}} 1 {{/U}} {{/U}}them to attempt to find out how life begins, and to write down his {{U}} {{U}} 2 {{/U}} {{/U}}. His methods of work with the catfish are typical of his {{U}} {{U}} 3 {{/U}} {{/U}}. He spent hour after hour in a small boat off the coast of Lesbos on the Aegean Sea leaning far out over the clear, shallow water, looking down at a catfish that was laying its eggs among the reeds (芦苇). As he watched, he held his boat steady with a strong pole .so that it would not {{U}} {{U}} 4 {{/U}} {{/U}}away. Later he made a record of what he had seen: "The catfish {{U}} {{U}} 5 {{/U}} {{/U}}its eggs in shallow water, generally close to roots or close to reeds. The eggs are sticky and adhere to the roots. "The female catfish, having laid her eggs, goes away. The male stays on, and watches over the eggs, keeping off all other little fishes that might steal the fish or fry (鱼苗). He thus continues for forty or fifty days, till the young are {{U}} {{U}} 6 {{/U}} {{/U}}grown to escape from the other fishes themselves. " After he had watched the breeding habits of the catfish for a long time, Aristotle began to study other things about fish. Modern scientists might think that Aristotle worked under great {{U}} {{U}} 7 {{/U}} {{/U}}. He had no books to consult, for no books on natural history had been written. He had no scientific training, noscientific instruments, no {{U}} {{U}} 8 {{/U}} {{/U}}. with whom he could discuss his findings. What he did have was {{U}} {{U}} 9 {{/U}} {{/U}}energy and enthusiasm and a love of living things. Sometimes when he wrote of his observations he drew diagrams to make his meaning clear-the first such diagrams in scientific writing. He {{U}} {{U}} 10 {{/U}} {{/U}}to them often in his writings; but unfortunately these diagrams have been lost. A. float I) disadvantages B. subordinate J) exclusively C. inexhaustible K) classify D. observations L) precautions E. deposits M) colleagues F. attributes N) procedures G. sufficiently O) referred H) compensations

填空题When you speak English, your pronunciation should be correct, _______________(否则人家就听不懂你的意思).

填空题 Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the main points in your own words. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written. In a competitive economy, the consumer usually has the choice of several different brands of the same product. Yet underneath their labels, the products are often nearly{{U}} (36) {{/U}}. One manufacturer's toothpaste tends to differ very little from another manufacture's. Thus, manufacturers are{{U}} (37) {{/U}}with a problem-how to keep sales high enough to stay in business. Manufacturers solve this problem by{{U}} (38) {{/U}}They try to{{U}} (39) {{/U}}consumers in various ways. In fact, advertisements may be{{U}} (40) {{/U}}into two types according to the kind of appeals they use. One type of advertisement tries to appeal to the consumer's reasoning mind. It may offer a{{U}} (41) {{/U}}that seems scientific. For example it may say that the dentists{{U}} (42) {{/U}}flash toothpaste. In selling a product, the truth of the advertising may be less important than the appearance of truth. A scientific{{U}} (43) {{/U}}gives the appearance of truth. Another type of advertisement tries to amuse the potential buyer. {{U}}(44) {{/U}}. One way of doing this is to make the products appear alive. For example, {{U}}(45) {{/U}}. Ads of this sort are silly, but they also tend to be amusing. {{U}}(46) {{/U}}.

填空题Today I want to help you with a study reading method known as SQ3R. The letters stand for five steps in the reading{{U}} (36) {{/U}}Survey, Question, Read, Review, Recite. Each of the steps should be done carefully and in the order mentioned. In all study reading, a survey should be the first step. Survey means to look quickly. In study reading, you need to look quickly at titles, words in darker or larger print, words with {{U}}(37) {{/U}}letters,{{U}} (38) {{/U}}, and charts. Don't stop to read complete sentences. Just look at the important{{U}} (39) {{/U}}of the materials. The second step is question. Try to form questions{{U}} (40) {{/U}} on your survey. Use the question words who, what, when, where, why and how. Now you are ready for the third step. Read. You will be reading the{{U}} (41) {{/U}}and important words that you looked at in the survey, but this time you will read the examples and{{U}} (42) {{/U}}as well. Sometimes it is useful to take notes while you read. I have had students who{{U}} (43) {{/U}}to underline, important points, and it seemed to be just as useful as note-taking. What you should do, whether you take notes or underline, is to read actively. {{U}} (44) {{/U}}.The fourth step is review. Remember the questions that you wrote down before you read the material. You should be able to answer them now. {{U}} (36) {{/U}}Concentrate on those. Also review material that you did not consider in your questions. The last step is recite.{{U}} (46) {{/U}}.

填空题The medicine should be kept that ________________________(孩子够不到的地方).

填空题We cannot______(不得不指控你) with neglecting your duty.