“汉语桥”比赛旨在激发各国学生学习汉语的兴趣及加强世界对汉语和中国文化的了解。

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Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteanessaybasedonthepicturebelow.YoushouldstartyouressaywithabriefdescriptionofthepictureandthencommentonTheTrustbetweenIndividuals.Youshouldgivesoundargumentstosupportyourviewandwriteatleast120butnomorethan180words.

Who doesn't love being in love? A true love listens to you talk about work, lets you have that last【C1】______of pie, and usually remembers to take out the trash. He is ready to forget all kinds of【C2】______. And he always thinks you' re beautiful, even without【C3】______. Scientists have long been keen to prove that love gives us health【C4】______too. Researchers can't say for sure that a lover is more important than a loving family or warm friendship when it comes to wellness. But they are learning more about how a romantic partner makes us【C5】______, with health gains that【C6】______from faster healing and better control over illnesses to living longer. The benefits of love are【C7】______and measurable. A study last year from the University of Pittsburgh found that women in good marriages have a much lower risk of heart disease than those in high-stress relationships. The National Love and Health Study has been【C8】______more than a million subjects since 1979. The study shows that married people live longer, have fewer heart attacks and lower cancer rates, and even get pneumonia less frequently than singles. A new study from the University of Iowa also found that cancer patients with a strong sense of connection to others and in【C9】______relationship were better able to fight off cancer. It seems that love helps people【C10】______their immune system.A)range B)makeup C)stronger D)righteousE)tracking F)slice G)health H)strengthenI)benefits J)refreshing K)misunderstandings L)designingM)satisfying N)suggested O)explicit

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{{B}}Part Ⅳ Translation{{/B}}

中国传统婚礼反映着中国的哲学思想。婚礼上总是用红色的东西来表达祝福和尊重。这是因为中国人将红色看作是幸福、成功和好运的象征。婚姻不仅是一对新人的结合，也象征着两个家庭的结合。邀请亲朋好友来参加婚礼体现着人与人之间的关系和礼节(formality)。婚礼上奏乐的声音通常很响，响到足以让自然“听到”，同时也证明婚姻的重要性。

Topic Interest Counts For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled Interest Counts by commenting on the saying, "A burden of one's choice is not felt." You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.

{{B}}Part II Listening Comprehension{{/B}}

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汉语水平考试 (the HSK)于1992年正式成为我国国家级考试。它是为测试母语为非汉语者的汉语 水平 (proficiency)而设立的考试。它重点考查 考生 (examinee)在日常生活、学习和工作中运用汉语进行交流的能力。考试每年定期在国内和国外举行。目前，HSK共有50个国内考点和66个国外考点。这些考点通常设置在一些高等院校内。到目前为止，已有来自120多个国家的36万人次参加了HSK考试。

桂林是中国著名的风景旅游城市。它位于广西东北部，面积有2．78万平方公里，人口500万。拥有2000多年历史的桂林还是一个历史文化名城。自 北宋 (the Northern Song Dynasty)以来，桂林就已成为广西的政治、经济及文化中心。桂林山水以山青、水秀、洞奇、石美闻名天下；桂林的交通、通讯和住宿都非常便利发达。因此每年有成千上万的国内外游客来到桂林旅游。

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It's very interesting to note where the debate about diversity (多样化) is taking place. It is taking place primarily in political circles. Here at the College Fund, we have a lot of contact with top corporate (公司的) leaders; none of them is talking about getting rid of those instruments that produce diversity. In fact, they say that if their companies are to compete in the global village and in the global market place, diversity is an imperative. They also say that the need for talented, skilled Americans means we have to expand the pool of potential employees. And in looking at where birth rates are growing and at where the population is shifting, corporate America understands that expanding the pool means promoting policies that help provide skills to more minorities, more women and more immigrants. Corporate leaders know that if that doesn't occur in our society, they will not have the engineers, the scientists, the lawyers, or the business managers they will need. Likewise, I don't hear people in the academy saying. "Let's go backward. Let's go back to the good old days, when we had a meritocracy (不拘一格选人才)" (which was never true—we never had a meritocracy, although we've come closer to it in the last 30 years). I recently visited a great little college in New York where the campus has doubled its minority population in the last six years. I talked with an African American who has been a professor there for a long time, and she remembers that when she first joined the community, there were fewer than a handful of minorities on campus. Now, all of us feel the university is better because of the diversity. So where we hear this debate is primarily in political circles and in the media—not in corporate board rooms or on college campuses.

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明朝前期 (the early Ming Dynasty)，中国是世界上最发达的国家之一。1405年到1433年间，明政府七次派郑和率领大规模船队出使 西洋 (the Western Ocean)。郑和拜访了 东南亚 (Southeast Asia)、南亚和东非等地区的30多个国家和地区。他用珍贵的礼物表达中国与他们友好交往的愿望，得到了各国的热情回应。郑和下西洋传播了中国文明，加强了明政府与世界各国的联系，促进了中国与其他国家文化与经济的交流。

Child psychologists—and kindergarten teachers—have long known that when children first show up for school, some of them speak a lot more fluently than others. Psychologists also know that children's socioeconomic status tends to be closely connected with their language facility. The better off and more educated a child's parents are, the better vocabulary ability that child tends to have by school age—and vocabulary skill is a key predictor for success in school. Children from low-income families, who may often start school knowing significantly fewer words than their better-off peers, will struggle for years to make up that ground. Previous studies have shown that wealthier, educated parents talk to their young children more, using more complex vocabulary and sentences, than parents of lesser means. And these differences may help explain why richer kids start school with richer vocabularies. But what goes on before children can talk, during that phase—familiar to any parent—when communication takes the form of pointing, waving, grabbing and other kinds of baby sign language? Do well—off parents also gesture more to their kids? Indeed they do, say psychologists Susan Goldin-Meadow and Meredith Rowe of the University of Chicago. The researchers found that at 14 months of age, babies already showed a wide range of "speaking" ability through gestures, and that those differences were closely linked with their socioeconomic background and how frequently their parents used gestures to communicate. High-income, better-educated parents gestured more frequently to their children to convey meaning and new concepts, and in turn, their kids gestured more to them. When researchers tested the same children at 54 months of age, they found that those early gesturers turned out to have better vocabulary ability than other students. At 14 months of age, researches say, pointing toward an object is the way most kids use gestures. If a parent responds to that gesture by identifying the object in words—by saying, "That's a doll," for example—children get a head start on growing their original vocabularies. "That's a teachable moment, and mothers are teaching the kids the word for an object," says Goldin-Meadow.