阿房宫(Epang Palace)是秦始皇(the First Emperor of the Qin)击败六国后兴建的新宫殿。据历史记载，阿房宫是一座宏伟辉煌的建筑。根据司马迁的描述，阿房宫建于公元前212年，长693米，宽116．5米。据说在秦朝末年(the last years of the Qin Dynasty)，项羽烧毁了阿房宫。因此，我们今天所能看到的只是它的遗址。阿房宫遗址现位于陕西西安。然而，有专家认为阿房宫并未修建完成，而项羽烧毁的是另一座宫殿。

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进行中国传统绘画和书法的文人都很注重这些用具的选择。

Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteanessaybasedonthepicturebelow.Youshouldstartyouressaywithabriefdescriptionofthepictureandthencommentonwaystocorrectlearningattitudes.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsbutnomorethan180words.

Adults who had been fed plenty of fruit when they were children are less likely to suffer from certain types of cancer, British scientists said on Wednesday. A medical study of【C1】______4,000 men and women showed that the more fruits the adults had eaten when they were【C2】______the less likely they were to suffer from lung, bowel and breast cancer. "This study shows that childhood fruit consumption may have a long term【C3】______effect on cancer risk in adulthood," Dr. Maria Maynard of the Medical Research Council in London said. All of the adults in the study had filled in a food【C4】______during the 1930s for a research study looking into the eating habits of families in【C5】______and urban areas of England and Scotland. Maynard and her colleagues studied the medical records of the group up to July 2000, by which time 483 cases of cancer had been【C6】______. In addition to fewer cases of cancer, a high consumption of fruit was【C7】______with a lower death rate from all causes. Fruits are loaded with antioxidants, vitamins and other nutrients, which can help to prevent genetic【C8】______that can lead to the development of cancer. The scientists also studied the【C9】______of vitamins C, E and beta carotene on cancer but they did not find any【C10】______that individual antioxidants were as protective as fruit. A. impact B. efficiency C. associated D. insert E. protective F. furthermore G. decent H. diagnosed I. damage J. young K. inventory L. rural M. nearly N. evidence O. grab

{{B}}Part III Reading Comprehension{{/B}}

中国饮茶的传统可以追溯到公元前3000多年，但“下午茶”的概念却是到 17世纪中叶 (the mid 17thcentury)才在英国出现的。当时那里时兴的晚餐时间是晚上8点，所以一位 公爵夫人 (Duchess)养成了在下午4点约朋友吃糕点的习惯。很快下午茶成为当时的社会潮流。随着东西方文化交流的加深，这个英国传统逐渐进入中国。如今，下午茶在国内日渐流行起来，尤其是在广东和福建地区。

The End of AIDS?[A] On June 5th 1981 America's Centres for Disease Control and Prevention reported the outbreak of an unusual form of pneumonia (肺炎) in Los Angeles. When, a few weeks later, its scientists noticed a similar cluster of a rare cancer called Kaposi's sarcoma (肉瘤) in San Francisco, they suspected that something strange and serious was coming. That something was AIDS.[B] Since then, 25m people have died from AIDS and another 34m are infected. The 30th anniversary of the disease's discovery has been taken by many as an occasion for hand-wringing. Yet the war on AIDS is going far better than anyone dared hope. A decade ago, half of the people in several southern African countries were expected to die of AIDS. Now, the death rate is dropping. In 2005 the disease killed 2.1m people. In 2009, the most recent year for which data are available, the number was 1.8m. Some 5m lives have already been saved by drug treatment. In 33 of the worst-affected countries the rate of new infections is down by 25% or more from its peak.[C] Even more hopeful is a recent study which suggests that the drugs used to treat AIDS may also stop its transmission. If that proves true, the drugs could acliieve much of what a vaccine (疫苗) would. The question for the world will no longer be whether it can wipe out the plague, but whether it is prepared to pay the price.The appliance of science[D] If AIDS is defeated, it will be thanks to an alliance of science, activism and unselfishness. The science has come from the world's drug companies, which leapt on the problem. In 1996 a batch of similar drugs, all of them inhibiting the activity of one of the AIDS virus's crucial enzymes (霉素), appeared almost simultaneously. The effect was miraculous, if you (or your government) could afford the $15,000 a year that those drugs cost when they first came on the market.[E] Much of the activism came from rich-world gays. Having persuaded drug companies into creating the new medicines, the activists bullied them into dropping the price. That would have happened anyway, but activism made it happen faster. The unselfishness was aroused as it became clear by the mid-1990s that AIDS was not just a rich-world disease. Three-quarters of those affected were—and still are—in Africa. Unlike most infections, which strike children and the elderly, AIDS hits the most productive members of society: businessmen, civil servants, engineers, teachers, doctors, nurses. Thanks to an enormous effort by Western philanthropists (慈善家) and some politicians (this is one area where even the left should give credit to George Bush junior), a series of programmes has brought drugs to those infected.[F] The result is unsatisfactory. Not enough people—some 6.6m of the 16m who would most quickly benefit—are getting the drugs. And the pills are not a cure. Stop taking them, and the virus bounces back. But it is a huge step forward from ten years ago.[G] What can science offer now? A few people's immune systems control the disease naturally, which suggests a vaccine might be possible, and antibodies have been discovered that neutralise the virus and might thus form the basis of AIDS-clearing drugs. But a cure still seems a long way off. Prevention is, for the moment, the better bet.A question of money[H] In the early days scientists were often attacked by activists for being more concerned with trying to prevent the epidemic spreading than treating the affected. Now it seems that treatment and prevention will come in the same pill. If you can stop the virus reproducing in someone's body, you not only save his life, you also reduce the number of viruses for him to pass on. Get enough people on drugs and it would be like vaccinating them: the chain of transmission would be broken.[I] That is a huge task. It is not just a matter of bringing in those who should already be on the drugs (the 16m who show symptoms or whose immune systems are critically weak). To prevent transmission, treatment would in theory need to be expanded to all the 34m people infected with the disease. That would mean more effective screening, which is planned already, and also a willingness by those without the symptoms to be treated. That willingness might be there, though, if it would protect people's uninfected lovers.[J] Such a programme would take years and also cost a lot of money. About $16 billion a year is spent on AIDS in poor and middle-income countries. Half is generated locally and half is foreign aid. A report in this week's Lancet suggests a carefully crafted mixture of approaches that does not involve treating all those without symptoms would bring great benefit for not much more than this—a peak of $22 billion in 2015, and a fall thereafter. Moreover, most of the extra spending would be offset by savings on the treatment of those who would have been infected, but were not—some 12m people, if the scientists have done their sums right. At $500 per person per year, the benefits would far outweigh the costs in purely economic terms: though donors will need to compare the gain from spending more on knocking out AIDS against other worthy causes, such as eliminating malaria (疟疾).[K] For the moment, the struggle is to stop some rich countries giving less. The Netherlands and Spain are cutting their contributions to the Global Fund, one of the two main distributors of the life-saving drugs, and Italy has stopped paying altogether. On June 8th the United Nations meets to discuss what to do next. Those who see the UN as a mere talking-shop should remember that its first meeting on AIDS launched the Global Fund. It is still a long haul. But AIDS can be beaten. A plague that 30 years ago was blamed on man's wickedness has ended up showing him in a better, more inventive and generous light.

剩女(leftover women)通常指那些30岁或以上还单身的女性。在城市里，越来越多受过良好教育的职业女性加入到剩女的行列，所以剩女大多有着高收入。虽然一些剩女宣称“我单身，我快乐”，剩女问题却开始引起人们广泛关注，成为一个社会问题。为此，中国的一些地方政府开始着手安排相亲(matchmaking)活动，希望未婚女性在那里能遇到自己心仪的对象。

{{B}}Section C{{/B}}

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这本书是为非英语专业学生提高阅读水平设计的。

For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled Good Wine Needs No Bush? following the outline given below. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words． 1．“酒香不怕巷子深”是什么意思 2．人们对它持什么看法 3．我的看法……

Never before has so much money been made by a single firm in such a short period of time. On January 27th Tim Cook, the boss of Apple, announced that it had made $ 18 billion in its latest financial quarter. Apple's telephone-number-sized profit stemmed largely from sales of its hugely popular iPhone, which accounted for over two-thirds of its $74.6 billion revenue. Chief executives rarely admit to being shocked by their companies' performance, but Mr. Cook said it was "hard to comprehend" the extent of the interest in Apple's products. He noted that, on average, 34,000 iPhones were bought every hour of every day during the latest quarter. Apple is the world's largest company by market capitalization(总值)as well as its most profitable. Strikingly, it has risen to greatness using a rather old-fashioned business model: selling highly desirable objects at fat gross margins, which hit almost 40% in the latest quarter. The tech industry has bred numerous software-based firms, such as Google and Facebook, that don't have to worry about shifting goods around, yet they make much less than the Colossus of Cupertino. Amazon handles lots of physical goods, but loses money. Another thing that sets Apple apart from the tech pack is its success in conquering China. While rivals have been frustrated there, Apple has just become the largest force in China's smartphone market measured by units shipped, according to Canalys, a market-research firm. Any failure in China could hurt Apple. The company's overall dependence on the iPhone is another risk. But these are early days for the iPhone 6, Apple's latest device, whose bigger screen takes the firm into the "phablet"(平板手机)category of larger phones that are wildly popular with customers. Some iFans also point out that Apple's share of the smartphone market is small compared with devices using Google's Android operating system. So it has plenty of room to grow. Mr. Cook said this week that its much-anticipated smartwatch will go on sale in April. Tim Bajarin of Creative Strategies, a consulting firm, thinks Apple could sell 22m-24m in the first 12 months after the launch, producing billions of dollars of new revenue. Sanford C. Bernstein, a research firm, reckons the watches will have a nigher-than-average gross margin, which predicts good profits. Apple should be able to make more money from software and services, too.

BSection A/B

预计到2050年，全国将有三分之一的人口超过60岁。

甲骨文(oracle bone script)是中国现存最早的文字。这些刻在龟甲(tortoise shell)或兽骨上的文字已相当成熟。没认识甲骨文之前，人们都把这些甲骨当作药材。清代(the Qing Dynasty)学者王懿荣偶然发现了这些龟甲和兽骨。在仔细研究之后，他认为这些刻在甲骨上的符号是3000多年前商代(the Shang Dynasty)的文字。从这些文字中可以大致了解商代统治者的日常生活情况。甲骨文为研究汉字起源提供了重要的资料。

在中国，孩子的满月酒(One-Month-Old Feast)是其人生中第一个重要仪式。孩子满月那天，家人邀请亲朋好友来一起庆祝。通常孩子穿上狗头帽(dog hat)、虎头鞋，象征着孩子能幸运一生。孩子周岁那天的抓周仪式(One-Year-Old Catch)也很有特色。家里人会摆上书、笔、墨、纸、钱币、食物、玩具等物品任孩子随意挑选。根据孩子抓的东西来预测孩子可能存在的兴趣爱好和将来从事的职业。