阅读理解Sugar shocked. That describes the reaction of many Americans this week following revelations that, 50 years ago, the sugar industry paid Harvard scientists for research that shifted the focus away from sugar’s role in heart disease—and put the spotlight (注意的中心) squarely on dietary fat. What might surprise consumers is just how many present-day nutrition studies are still funded by the food industry. Nutrition scholar Marion Nestle of New York University spent a year informally tracking industry-funded studies on food. "Roughly 90% of nearly 170 studies favored the sponsor’s interest," Nestle tells us. Other systematic reviews support her conclusions. For instance, studies funded by Welch Foods—the brand behind Welch’s 100% Grape Juice—found that drinking Concord grape juice daily may boost brain function.Another, funded by Quaker Oats, concluded, as a Daily Mail story put it, that "hot oatmeal (燕麦粥) breakfast keeps you full for longer. " Last year, The New York Times revealed how Coca-Cola was funding well-known scientists and organizations promoting a message that, in the battle against weight gain, people should pay more attention to exercise and less to what they eat and drink. Coca-Cola also released data detailing its funding of several medical institutions and associations between 2010 and 2015. "It’s certainly a problem that so much research in nutrition and health is funded by industry," says Bonnie Liebman, director of nutrition at the Center for Science in the Public Interest. "When the food industry pays for research, it often gets what it pays for. " And what it pays for is often a pro-industry finding. Given this environment, consumers should be skeptical (怀疑的) when reading the latest finding in nutrition science and ignore the latest study that pops up on your news feed. "Rely on health experts who’ve reviewed all the evidence," Liebman says, pointing to the official government Dietary Guidelines, which are based on reviews of hundreds of studies. "And that expert advice remains pretty simple," says Nestle. "We know what healthy diets are— lots of vegetables, not too much junk food, balanced calories. Everything else is really difficult to do experimentally. "

阅读理解Questions 31 to 40 are based on the following passage

阅读理解Questions 81 to 90 are based on the following passage

阅读理解Questions 71 to 80 are based on the following passage

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阅读理解Questions 61 to 70 are based on the following passage

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作文题For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay titled "Is technology making people lazy? ".You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.

作文题Suppose your university student union is planning to hold a speech contest. You are now to write a proposal for organizing the contest. The proposal may include the topic, aim , procedure and selectio

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阅读理解Questions 1 to 10 are based on the following passage