单选题The economic costs of noise are several. Airports are currently operating at less than 27 because of noise regulations which restrict their hours of operation. For instance, at Washington's National Airport no jet traffic is allowed from 11 p.m. to 7 a.m. Other airports restrict the use ofcertain runway. One estimate is that noise 28 reduce possible airport use by 20 percent. The 29 cargo trade is especially affected by night restrictions. In the case of airports, jet engines may be 30 to reduce their noise level, or insulation from air traffic noise may be provided by the purchase of land around airports or the insulation of buildings. One estimate is that $5.7 billion would be required to 31 all existing jet engines with noise control devices. However, 32 the current state of the art, even taking this step will not reduce noise levels at all points to 33 values. Some combination of methods is probably necessary. If all aircraft were made quieter by existing methods, there would be a number of economic benefits. An increase in airport capacity would 34 . Property values near airports might rise. Transportation costs to and from airports could be reduced since the airports now could be located closer to population center. Much research still needs to be done on the economic 35 of noise reduction and noise effects. Although some of the effects of noise pollution are known, more must be discovered about its effects on health, productivity, property values and the quality of life. 36 , the cost of noise pollution control to the economy as a whole needs to be investigated. A．identification B．equip C．profitable D．capacity E．pollution F．restrictions G．transformed H．significant I．Furthermore J．acceptable K．modified L．Accordingly M．considering N．occur O．aspects

单选题 Directions: For this part, you are allowed 80 minutes to write a short essay entitled On Network Literature following the outline given below. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words. 1.随着互联网的发展，网络文学开始盛行 2.分析网络文学的优缺点 3.谈谈你对网络文学的看法

单选题 For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay according to the following instructions. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words. Dama square dance culture has generated some controversy recently. On the one hand, Dama square dance reflects social progress and the increasingly colorful life of senior citizens. On the other hand, many citizens who live near the square are disturbed by the noise of Dama square dance. What's your opinion of Dama square dance? What's your suggestion toward the problem?

单选题The word Yoga itself comes from an ancient Sanskrit word meaning 'union'. What kind of union do you think the word refers to? Why would people want to have this kind of experience? Students of Yoga often study for as long as 20 years before becoming 33 , or Yogis. They learn many different 34 exercises. These exercises are designed to put the students in good physical condition. Then they can concentrate on deep religions thoughts without physical 35 . Many Yoga exercises 36 putting the body into difficult position. Some of them are very hard to learn. Have you ever tried to 37 your legs over one another? This is one of the 38 Yoga positions. It is called the lotus position. Most people find it difficult to stay in that position for even a few minutes. But Yogis train themselves to remain in the lotus position for hours or even days. They are taught to 39 the physical discomforts of holding these positions. Other exercises and 40 teach concentration. Yogis feel this is the key to 41 inner peace. This kind of concentration is called meditation. Yogis and many other people practice meditation They claim that it makes them feel relaxed and 42 . Some people say that it makes them feel better—just as good exercise does. But other people say that meditation helps them feel much closer to God. A. discomforts B. basic C. finding D. peaceful E. rules F. overcome G. physical H. enforcing I. involve J. intimate K. masters L. external M. fold N. interaction O. elaborately

单选题 Directions: For this part, you are allowed 80 minutes to write an essay. Suppose there are two views on the key to becoming a talented person: One is personal abilities and the other opportunities. You are to make a choice between the two. Write an essay to explain the reasons for your choice. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.

单选题 Babies cry to call attention to their immediate needs: food, or rest, or a diaper change or cuddles. But without intending to, crying babies might also provide insight into a defining trait that will develop later in life. As Matt Stevens of the New York Times reports, a new study has found that the pitch of a baby's cry could predict what he or she will sound like as an adult. Researchers in the U.K. and France wondered if vocal pitch might be determined even earlier than age seven—during infancy, perhaps, or even in the womb (子宫). To find out, the team recorded the cries of 15 French babies—six girls and nine boys, from two to five months old. Researchers then compared those recordings to recordings of the same children at age four or five. The team found that the pitch of babies' cries was a 'substantial predictor' of vocal pitch at four or five years of age. 'Differences in voice pitch,' the researchers conclude, 'may—at least partly—arise very early in life.' The authors of the study suggest that these differences might develop in the womb, when fetuses are exposed to varying levels of hormones. As Carl Engelking of Discover reports, the team also analyzed the children's 2D:4D digit ratio, or the ratio between the lengths of the index finger and the ring finger. Studies have suggested that this ratio can reveal how much testosterone (睾丸激素) a person was exposed to in the womb. Researchers found that 2D:4D digit ratio in the right hand correlated positively with differences in vocal frequency in both baby cries and children's speech (this is consistent with other studies showing that 2D:4D ratios are expressed more strongly in the right hand). In other words, as a statement announcing the new research explains, 'if the index finger on the right hand is longer than the ring finger, a baby will be likely to grow up to have a high-pitched voice. Conversely, if it is shorter, they will be more likely to have a lower-pitched voice.'

单选题 Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay commenting on Abraham Lincoln's famous remark 'Give me six hours to chop down a tree, and I wilt spend the first four sharpening the axe.' You can cite examples to illustrate the importance of preparation. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words. Good Preparation Is the Key to Success

单选题 Everyone must have had at least one personal experience with a computer error by this time. Bank balances are suddenly reported to have jumped from $379 into the millions, appeals for charitable contributions are mailed over and over to people with crazy sounding names at your address, department stores send the wrong bills, utility companies write that they're turning everything off, that sort of thing. If you manage to get in touch with someone and complain, you then get instantaneously typed, guilty letters from the same computer, saying, 'Our computer was in error, and an adjustment is being made in your account.' These are supposed to be the sheerest, blindest accidents. Mistakes are not believed to be the normal behavior of a good machine. If things go wrong, it must be a personal, human error, the result of fingering a button getting stuck, someone hitting the wrong key. The computer, at its normal best, is infallible (没有错误的). I wonder whether this can be true. After all, the whole point of computers is that they represent an extension of the human brain, vastly improved upon but nonetheless human, superhuman maybe. A good computer can think clearly and quickly enough to beat you at chess, and some of them have even been programmed to write obscure verse. They can do anything we can do, and more besides. It is not yet known whether a computer has its own consciousness, and it would be hard to find out about this. When you walk into one of those great halls now built for the huge machines, and standing listening, it is easy to imagine that the faint, distant noises are the sound of thinking, and the turning of the spools (线轴) gives them the look of wild creatures rolling their eyes in the effort to concentrate, choking with information. But real thinking and dreaming are other matters. On the other hand, the evidences of something like an unconscious, equivalent to ours, are all around, in every mail. As extensions of the human brain, they have been constructed the same property of error, spontaneous, uncontrolled, and rich in possibilities.

单选题 每年农历八月十五日，是传统的中秋佳节。中秋节是汉族和少数民族的传统节日。不同地区的人遵循不同的中秋习俗，但所有这些习俗都寄托着人们对美好生活无限的热爱和向往。今天，月下游玩的习俗，已远没有旧时盛行，但设宴赏月仍很盛行。宴席上人们把酒问月，庆贺美好的生活，或思念和祝愿远方的亲人和朋友。