单选题 春联(the spring couplet)是中国一种独特的文学形式。它由贴在门两侧的两个对立的(antithetical)句子和贴在门上方的横批(horizontal scroll)组成，横批通常是一个吉祥的(auspicious)短语。随着春节的来临，无论城市还是农村，家家户户都要精选一副大红春联贴在门上。在中国人的传统观念里，一年中有个好的开端是最惬意、最吉利的事，所以他们就用贴春联来表达自己在过去一年中的美好感受和对未来的一种美好期盼。

单选题 Car crashes are the leading cause of injury and death among U. S. children, and though most of us now think of car seats as standard baby equipment, about half of all children under the age of four who died in vehicle accidents last year were no restrained. It is calculated that only about two-thirds of children aged five to fifteen buckle their seat belts. Moreover, the traffic-safety agency estimates that even among parents who always strap their children in, 85% are not doing it properly. They often don't know where best to place the kids, don't use the proper restraint for their age and weight, or don't install the safety seats properly. Despite the reports about front seats collapsing onto back seats when certain car models get in accidents, the safest place in the car for any child up to the age of 12 is still the back seat. Babies up to 9 kg and one year old should ride in rear-facing infant seats. Never place a child under age 12 in the front seat with a working passenger-side air bag. These devices are discharged at 320 km/h and can be triggered by low-speed fender benders. They have killed 77 kids in the U. S. since 1993. If you must place a child in front, make sure the passenger-side bag is switched off. Children over age one should ride in forward-facing safety seats with a five-point harness system. A child who weighs at least 18 kg or at least I m high can graduate to a booster seat that elevates her so that the standard shoulder and lap belt fits properly.

单选题 Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the importance of being a civilized tourist. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.

单选题 2010年，微电影(micro film)《老男孩》被贴在一个视频网站并大受欢迎。从此，微电影开始盛行。微电影的长度从3分钟到半小时不等。成本低廉，拍摄过程简单，这使得很多草根艺人(grassroots artist)得以有机会来拍摄。人们喜欢在线观看电视节目的偏好也为微电影的发展提供了绝佳的机会。在这个快节奏的社会里，微电影正好可以解决人们没有太多时间来娱乐的问题。

单选题 Instinctively, the first thing we want to know about a disease is whether it is going to kill us. Twenty-five years ago, this was the only question about AIDS we could answer with any certainty; now, it is the only question we really cannot answer well at all. By now, those of us in the AIDS business long term have cared for thousands of patients. No one with that kind of personal experience can doubt for a moment the deadly potential of HIV or the life-saving capabilities of the drugs developed against it. But there are also now hundreds of footnotes and exceptions and modifications to those two facts that make the big picture ever murkier (扑朔迷离). We have patients scattered at every possible point., men and women who cruise on their medications with no problems at all, and those who never become stable on them and die of AIDS; those who refuse them until it is too late, and those who never need them at all; those who leave AIDS far behind only to die from lung cancer or breast cancer or liver failure, and those few who are killed by the medications themselves. So, when we welcome a new patient into our world, one whose fated place in this world is still unclear, and that patient asks us, as most do, whether this illness is going to kill him or not, it often takes a bit of mental stammering before we hazard an answer. Now, a complete rundown of all the news from the front would take hours. The statistics change almost hourly as new treatments appear. It is all too cold, too mathematical, too scary to dump on the head of a sick, frightened person. So we simplify. 'We have good treatments now,' we say. 'You should do fine.' Once, not so long ago, we were working in another universe. Now we have simply rejoined the carnival (嘉年华) of modern medicine, noisy and encouraging, confusing and contradictory, fueled by the eternal balancing of benefits and risks. You can win big, and why shouldn't you, with the usual fail-safe combination of luck and money. You have our very best hopes, so step right up: we sell big miracles but, offer no guarantees.

单选题Language barriers present a variety of challenges for children of any age. In Houston alone, bilingual education programs have helped many grade-school students 27 the trials that accompany not being able to speak English. In the past, such vital curriculum was not always readily 28 for children who needed it. One person who experienced the 29 of school life without a bilingual program was UH education professor Yolanda Padrón. As a child, Padrón and her family moved from Cuba to the United States. Settling in Landover, Mass., she was placed into elementary school, but had no working 30 of English. With that, she found herself at a 31 disadvantage. 'When I came here, I was in the fifth grade, but because I didn't speak English, they put me back a year,' she said. 'We lived there for about six months before we moved to Houston. When I came here, I still didn't speak English, so I was placed back another grade. At the time, that was the 32 to how to deal with children who didn't speak the language.' Despite the awkwardness of being placed back two grade levels, Padrón 33 some much-needed attention from concerned teachers. After being 34 , it was learned that she was on par with other students of her 35 age despite not knowing English. By the eighth grade, Padrón was 36 able to join students in her peer group. A. available B. basically C. difficulties D. finally E. happiness F. impossible G. knowledge H. little I. lost J. major K. overcome L. own M. received N. response O. tested

单选题 Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write on the topic EQ (Emotional Quotient). You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.

单选题 Computers and Humans The ideal companion machine—the computer—would not only look, feel, and sound friendly but would also behave in a pleasant manner. Its informal conversational style make interaction comfortable, and yet the machine would remain slightly unpredictable (不可预知的) and therefore very interesting. In its first encounter it might be somewhat hesitant, but as it came to know the user it would progress to a more relaxed and intimate style. The machine would not be a passive participant but would add its own suggestions, information, and opinions; it would sometimes take the initiative in developing or changing the topic and would have a personality of its own. Friendships are not made in a day, and the computer would be more acceptable as a friend if it imitated the gradual changes that occur when one person is getting to know another. At an appropriate time it might also express the kind of affection that stimulates attachment and intimacy. The whole process would be accomplished in a subtle way to avoid giving an impression of over-familiarity that would be likely to produce irritation (恼怒). After experiencing a wealth of powerful, well-timed friendship indicators, the user would be very likely to accept the computer as far more than a machine and might well come to regard it as a friend. An artificial relationship of this type would provide many of the benefits that people obtain from interpersonal friendships. The computer would participate in interesting conversation that could continue from previous discussions. It would have a familiarity with the user's life as revealed in earlier contact, and it would be understanding and good-humored. The computer's own personality would be lively and impressive, and it would develop in response to that of the user. With features such as these, the computer might indeed become a very attractive social partner.

单选题 As parents, we want our children to reach their full academic potential. We read to them, encourage their special talents, and support them when they have problems. If they choose to participate in music or sports, we also help them reach their potential in those areas. These are all good goals. There is, however, an even more important goal. It is a goal more difficult than excellence in arithmetic or soccer or the violin. Parents are responsible for providing their children with a moral compass. They need to nurture and treasure goodness in their children. Every child has the capacity to become a good, decent human being. To fulfill this capacity, children need the guidance and support of parents and other adults. Raising good, moral children is the most important job we will have. What is a good, decent human being? While we may differ on some details, most would agree that respect for others, kindness and caring, honesty and honor, and a reverence (尊重) for life are key. Good, decent human beings are people with a firm sense of direction and purpose—a moral compass—to guide their lives. Children need our help to develop these characteristics and values. While most people try to act with honor and kindness, doing so consistently is difficult and requires lifelong effort. Goodness is not easy for an adult, and it is even more difficult for a child. They do not have the knowledge, experiences, or cognitive skills to understand the impact and consequences of their actions. Reinforcement is sometimes an efficient approach to building positive behavior. The child behaves in a desired way and the parents provide reinforcement. The behavior then typically increases in frequency. This approach works for teaching 'Please' and 'Thank you'. The new behavior is maintained, because it helps the child get along in the world. Loving, everyday interactions are the beginning of raising moral children. The child who falls and receives adult concern learns how to treat others kindly when they stumble (绊倒). The child who makes a mistake and is encouraged to try again learns how to support others. When parents intercede (调解）graciously for their child, the child can see the basis for friendship. When we treat children with respect and care, we provide a positive model of how to behave. These early experiences establish patterns for their treatment of others.

单选题 有一个事实我们不得不相信，那就是科技的发展已经彻底改变了我们的生活方式。以前，我们从没想到过生活质量会和科技之间有着如此紧密的联系。现如今，几乎人人都在使用网络，通过这个平台，我们学习、交朋友、获取信息的方式得以发生天翻地覆的转变。而且，大家普遍认为，这样的现象将会一直持续到未来很长一段时间。