他带领的军队占领了许多地方，并给这些地域造成了巨大破坏。

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Preparing Children to Be Safe at College[A] Money can buy many things to help children excel academically, like tutors and private school educations. But as those children go off to college, the one thing otherwise protective parents typically do not spend money on is making sure their children do not become victims of a crime. One reason is cost. The price of protection ranges from consultations billed at several hundred dollars an hour to Ostrander International's security assessment and training program, mainly for the children of international business executives, royalty and celebrities, which starts at $41,000 for the first year.[B] Parents may believe that security at college is not something they have to worry about. But just because you are paying tens, if not hundreds, of thousands of dollars for your child's education does not mean the university is a safe place.[C] A report released this week by Insite Security is sure to shake parents' confidence. The security firm analyzed crime statistics on and around the campuses of the eight Ivy League colleges as well as Duke, Stanford, the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and the University of Chicago. This study was unique because it looked not only at the on-campus statistics that colleges are required to report, it also took into account crime in the areas where students socialize off campus.[D] The Insite report said three-quarters of the colleges and their surrounding areas had sex offense rates that were 83 percent higher than the national average, with Dartmouth having the highest rate. It said that Harvard had the highest rate of stealing among the 12. "Keeping kids safe or making a wise decision about where your kids go to school is more complicated than reviewing the police log at the college security office," said Christopher Falkenberg, president of Insite.[E] In response to the report, Sylvia Spears, dean of Dartmouth, said, "Increased reporting is not necessarily an indicator of increased sexual violence on campus but may indicate better education about sexual violence and increased awareness of various services and offices on a campus that are available to a victim." A spokesman for Harvard said, "It is important to note that how property crimes are classified and reported varies from school to school, and when you look at property crime statistics as a whole, Harvard does not lead in the rankings."[F] For prominent families, the costs of a security plan to reduce these risks are part of life, but for most affluent families, such security is prohibitively expensive—even though their children may be easily harmed by crime. Several security advisers here offered advice to wealthy families considering security plans while also providing tips to parents of more modest means.Top threats[G] Curtis Ostrander, the founder of Ostrander International and former vice president for risk management and public safety at Cornell, said the biggest threat he sought to counter was students' belief that nothing was going to happen to them. His business focuses on the top targets for campus crime: international students and children from wealthy homes. It might seem obvious that someone adjusting to a new culture while getting used to college could run into problems. But children from families who are upper-middle class and higher on the wealth ladder are often innocent about personal security, and that makes them targets for theft, alcohol-related crimes and sexual assault (攻击). "If you grew up in a poorer neighborhood, you'd be more aware of someone coming up behind you and stealing your bag," Mr. Ostrander said. He added that the very rich were the least prepared: "Having security growing up makes it worse because they never had to consider the threats."[H] Mr. Falkenberg said a new trick illustrated this problem. It starts with an attractive, older woman pretending to fall in love with a wealthy male student in the hope of getting pregnant, if not married, and laying claim to his family's money. "They're only innocent kids, and the story is always the same," he said. "It's really hard because you have to tell the kid this is not the love of his life."Student responsibility[I] Regardless of the threat, the key is to work with students before they leave for college. And this is where the fees for one-on-one preparation start to climb. Mr. Ostrander, for example, has a psychologist and a self-defense instructor on staff, and he will work personally with the student in the home country or on campus. Thomas Ruskin, president of CMP Protective and Investigative Group, said his agents had accompanied clients' children on trips, pretending tour guides or drivers, but had also done simple things like monitoring tracking technology on their cellphones. "It's about teaching them how to leave the nest but also to teach them what they've been protected from," Mr. Ruskin said.[J] Short of hiring an expensive consultant, parents themselves can do more to prepare children for what can happen on campus. For male students, the main worries are being beaten up or involved in an alcohol-related crime, and for women, the concerns center on sexual assault. Yet Mr. Ostrander says parents usually do not do enough to prepare children for theft and computer frauds. These include the infamous Nigerian prince asking for money and more personalized frauds devised from the abundance of personal information on the Web. "Some of us say that's just common sense, but not for people without a lot of life experience," he said.Parental anxiety[K] Thinking about what could happen to your child is enough to send the most level-headed parent into overprotective mode. Yet the experts offered some simple steps for parents to take. For example, encourage your daughter to use campus escorts (护送者) at night. The worst thing a parent can do for a child, the experts agreed, is send a bodyguard to class. The same goes for the middle-class parent repeatedly warning a child not to drink That could lead to worse behavior. "We don't say, 'Don't drink,'" Mr. Ostrander said. "We say, 'If you drink, here are some of the possible problems.'" He added, "I teach these kids in classes, but these are the same skills they will use the rest of their lives to be safe." And that is what any parent wants from college.

For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay commenting on the saying "Misfortune may be an actual blessing." You can cite examples to illustrate the benefit that misfortune may bring. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.

{{B}}Part III Reading Comprehension{{/B}}

这个小岛位于城市的东南方向，面积20平方公里，人口3．8万，以其美丽的景色出名。

一个好的厨师总是努力在谷物、肉类和蔬菜三者之间取得平衡。

灯笼(lantern)是中国传统的手工艺品(handicraft)，是中国的象征。它源于汉代(the Han Dynasty)，在唐宋时期(the Tang and Song Dynasties)最为繁盛。起初，人们在门口悬挂灯笼只是用来辟邪。后来在节假日时也悬挂灯笼以增添喜庆的气氛。灯笼的样式很多，除了圆形和方形外，还有花、鸟、鱼的形状，通常以纸和丝绸为主要制作原料。每年的元宵节(the Lantern Festival)，全国各地的人们制作出漂亮的灯笼来欢庆节日。

{{B}}Part II Listening Comprehension{{/B}}

元代 (the Yuan Dynasty)是中国 瓷器 (porcelain)发展史上一个重要的时期。基于先前朝代的烧制技术，景德镇成功地制作出 青花瓷 (the blue and white porcelain)。元青花瓷富丽雄浑，其风格与传统的瓷器大相径庭。元青花瓷的出现也使景德镇成为当时世界制瓷业的中心。元青花瓷制作精美而且传世极少，因此异常珍贵。青花瓷的制作在 明清两朝 (the Ming and Qing Dynasties)得到进一步发展，其中的精品是许多收藏家的终极目标。

For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled Should Smoking Be Banned in Public Places? You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words following the outline given below. Write your essay on Answer Sheet 1.1.近年来越来越多的公共场所禁烟2.这项举措在受到拥护的同时也引发了争议3.我的看法Should Smoking Be Banned in Public Places?

舞龙(dragon dance)是中华文化中一种传统的舞蹈表演形式。传统上来讲，其表演动作象征着龙的历史地位，展示了力量与尊贵。舞龙起源于汉代(the Han Dynasty)。人们认为它最初是作为耕作收成文化的一部分；同时也是一种治病防病的方法起源。舞龙在宋代(the Song Dynasty)已十分盛行，成为了一项民间活动，且最常见于各种节日庆典中。舞龙是世界各地唐人街举办春节庆典的一个重头戏。

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For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the following topic. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.

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{{B}}Section C{{/B}}

NottoBeSnobbishForthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteanessaybasedonthePicturebelow.Youshouldstartyouressaywithabriefdescriptionofthepictureandthencommentonclassreunion.Youshouldwriteatleast,120wordsbutnomorethan180words.

For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled How to Be Creative by commenting on the remark, "To live a creative life, we must lose our fear of being wrong." You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.

Astrology A) Astrology is the study of how the sun, the moon, planets, and stars are supposedly related to life and events on the earth. It is based on the belief that the heavenly bodies form patterns that can reveal a person's character or future. Many people throughout the world believe in astrology. These people base important decisions on the advice of an astrologer (a person who tells fortunes by studying the stars). Other people declare there is no scientific basis for astrology, and they consider it a form of entertainment. B) Astrology differs from astronomy. Astrology developed from a set of principles that originated more than 2,000 years ago. At that time, astronomy was also based on those same principles. But during the 1500's and 1600's, several astronomers, including Nicolaus Copernicus of Poland and Tycho Bra-he of Denmark, made discoveries about the heavenly bodies that conflicted with the principles of astrology. As a result, astrology and astronomy became widely different in their methods and purposes. Today, astrologers observe the heavenly bodies to understand things that happen on the earth. Astronomers seek scientific knowledge about the various objects in space. C) The basic principle of astrology is that the heavenly bodies influence what happens on the earth. Astrologers learn about this influence by casting (drawing) a circular chart called a horoscope or birth chart A horoscope shows the position of the planets in relation to both the earth and the stars at a certain time. In most cases, it shows the position of these bodies at the time of a person's birth. The system used by astrologers to cast a horoscope is based on a special view of the universe. This view involves four elements: the earth, the planets, the zodiac (黄道), and the houses. D) In casting a horoscope, astrologers place the earth at the center of the solar system. Therefore, all heavenly bodies revolve around the earth rather than around the sun. Astrologers use this arrangement to determine the positions of the heavenly bodies in relation to the earth. They believe that the study of the positions of the heavenly bodies can reveal a person's character and future. In astrology, the moon and the sun are considered planets, along with Jupiter, Mars, Neptune, Pluto, Saturn, Uranus, and Venus. Each planet supposedly represents a force that affects people in a certain way. Astrologers believe the planets influence a person more than any other heavenly bodies do. E) The zodiac is a band of stars that appear to encircle the earth. It is divided into 12 equal parts, called signs. Each sign of the zodiac has certain characteristics, which are determined by a particular planet and other factors. Astrologers believe the signs determine how the planets affect a person's character. The houses. Like the zodiac, the earth's surface is divided into 12 parts. Each of these parts, called houses, represents certain characteristics of an individual's life. Astrologers believe the houses determine how the planets and the signs influence a person's daily life. F) Astrology began sometime before 2000 B.C. in Babylonia (now southeastern Iraq). Astrologers of that time knew of five planets—Jupiter, Mars, Mercury, Saturn and Venus. They believed that the sun, the moon, and planets sent out different forces, which had certain characteristics. For example, one of the planets—now known as Mars—appeared to be red. Astrologers linked it with anger, aggression and war. G) The zodiac was probably developed in ancient Egypt, and the Babylonians adopted it sometime after 1000 B.C. Astrologers gradually developed a system that linked seasonal changes with specific group of stars called constellations (星座). At that time, for example, heavy rainfall occurred in Babylonia when the sun was in a certain constellation. As a result, astrologers named the constellation Aquarius, the water bearer. H) At first, astrologers studied the heavenly bodies in making general predictions about the future. But between 600 B.C. and 200 B.C., they developed the system of casting individual horoscopes (以占星术算命 ). The ancient Greeks and Romans practiced astrology and greatly influenced its development. The Roman names for the planets and the signs of the zodiac are still used today. I) Interest in astrology declined in Europe with the coming of Christianity as people sought guidance from religious leaders rather than from astrologers. Astrology regained popularity during the A.D. 1100's. By the 1600's, it was particularly strong in England. Several astrological (历书) were published, and many other books either defended or attacked astrology. The number of followers of astrology fell in England during the 1700's, but the subject's popularity returned again in the early 1800's. By the late 1800's and early 1900's, interest in astrology had spread to many other nations. Newspapers in England began publishing horoscope columns during the 1930's. Such columns soon appeared in newspapers throughout the world, and people became increasingly interested in astrology. Today, astrology is followed more widely than ever before. J) Many people believe astrology is simply a superstition, and scientists declare that its whole basis is unscientific. Scientists point out that the earth's position has changed in space since ancient times. As a result, the signs of the zodiac used by astrologers no longer match the constellations for which they were named. Some people who believe in astrology support it in terms of magnetic fields, solar storms and other natural occurrences. Others, though they also believe in astrology, claim that it cannot be supported scientifically. They consider it a set of powerful symbols that can provide a deep understanding of human beings. They defend astrology by pointing out that, in many cases, it works.

它位于浙江省省会杭州，水域面积约6平方公里。