他的成功有几个方面的原因：第一个原因是靠自身勤奋，第二个原因是得到他导师的指点。
Traditional Chinese music can be traced back to 7,000 -8,000 years ago based on the discovery of a bone flute made in the Neolithic Age. In the Xia, Shang and Zhou Dynasties, only royal families and dignitary officials could enjoy music made on chimes and bells. During the Tang Dynasty, dancing and singing entered the mainstream, spreading from the royal court to the common people. With the introduction of foreign religions such as Buddhism and Islam, religious melodies were absorbed into Chinese music and were enjoyed by the Chinese people at fairs organized by religious temples.
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月饼是我国各族人民喜爱的传统节日
特色食品
(specialty)。中秋节那天，人们一边赏月，一边吃月饼。一个圆圆的月饼全家分着吃，代表着家人团圆。吃月饼的习俗始于
唐代
(the Tang Dynasty)。当时，月饼作为皇家祭品于中秋节所食，至
明清时期
(the Ming and Qing Dynasties)成为全民共同的饮食习俗。时至今日，月饼的品种繁多，风味也因地各异，其中
广式月饼
(Cantonese-style mooncake)和京式月饼广受欢迎。
For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled On Personal Privacy in Cyberspace following the outline given blow. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words. 1．网络上个人隐私受侵犯的问题频出 2．产生这种问题的原因 3．解决的办法
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BSection A/B
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Of the millions of inventions, what are the eight greatest? A) I've drawn up a list. And there's one thing I know about this list: You won't agree with it. Some of you will write to tell me I forgot the gun, the airplane, or whatever. Which is fine: A top-eight list is all about starting a good argument. But to draw up such a list, you have to set some guidelines, and here are mine: I'm starting at the year zero. Otherwise, we'd never get out of prehistory. And I'm limiting inventions to physical devices. The scientific method, the university and electricity don't count—they are, respectively, a concept, a social system, and something we discovered but which existed all along. B) This is a list of end products. That is, I'm excluding components with no independent function. Take the gear, for example. A groundbreaking bit of technology to be sure. Without it, we'd scarcely have any machines at all. But we never say, "Oh, damn, I'm out of gears! " Ditto microchips, transistors, and ball bearings. Here, then, in no particular order, are my nominees as the eight greatest inventions. 1. The Mechanical Clock C) Before this invention, time was inseparable from events, the main one being the Sun crossing the sky. Only local time existed, no universal river of time. If you agreed to meet someone at sunset, you had to say where, because the Sun is always setting somewhere. Then, mechanical clocks came around. Gradually, as these clocks all came to be coordinated, they created public time, a thing in itself: one single, universal current flowing everywhere throughout the universe, always at the same pace. People could now communicate with each other by coordinating to this universal frame of reference. Thus, clocks made factories, offices, schools, meetings, and appointments possible. 2. The Printing Press D) Unoriginal, I know, but still it's true. Gutenberg's press, with its movable type, launched publishing. In the short term, this made the Reformation possible by putting a Bible in the hands of anybody who wanted one. The Church lost its lock on truth, and the sovereign individual soon emerged as the key unit of Western society. In the longer term, publishing universalized literacy. Before this invention, so few could read that, effectively, even those few lived in a world of oral tradition and memory. Humanity's consensual picture of reality was shaped by stories, told and retold. In this fluid world, if the big picture shifted, no one knew, because they had nothing to check it against. The proliferation of text fixed objective reality. Now, when two people disagree about what happened yesterday, they can look it up. Our modern collective picture of reality is founded on facts archived as text. 3. Immunization and Antibiotics E) Three centuries ago, almost everyone died of infectious diseases. When the plague broke out in 1347, it killed nearly half of Europe—in about two years. When diseases such as smallpox reached North America, they reduced the indigenous population by about 90 percent within a century. As late as 1800, the leading cause of death in the West was tuberculosis. Hardly anyone died of old age back then, one reason why elders were revered. Today, elders are a dime a dozen: nothing unusual about surviving past 70. In the United States, 73 percent of people die of heart failure, cancer, and stroke. It's a different world, folks. 4. The Telephone F) Lots of people imagined the telephone before any telephone existed. Once the device was invented, and businessmen had wrested it away from the inventors, the Network began to form. That's the actual invention—the Network. It enables anyone to talk to anyone anywhere at any given moment. So today, anyone's real-time group includes people not physically present, and they could be anywhere. The infrastructure took some time to develop, but the telephone implied all this from the start 5. The Electrical Grid G) Electricity existed all along, but the system of devices needed to generate this force and distribute it to individual buildings was an invention, launched initially by Edison: He effectively turned electricity into a salable commodity and his Pearl Street station was the world's first electric power station. Nikola Tesla's invention of alternating current (AC) technology then made it possible to transmit electricity over long distances, leading to the nationwide grid we know today. Now, anyone in the West and throughout most of the world can tap into the grid to power everything from light bulbs to computers. We are, in fact, a social organism animated by electricity. 6. The Automobile H) Once cars were invented, roads were improved. Once roads were improved, cities sprouted suburbs, because people could now live in the country, yet work in the city. And thus we have become a nation of sprawl, rather than density. Furthermore, as cars grew popular, the oil industry boomed. Oil became a key to power and wealth—and one of the major factors for political and economic unrest in the Middle East. And here we are today. 7. The Television I) Wherever a television set is on, it absorbs attention like no other piece of furniture. Jane Healy, in her book Endangered Minds, says television has changed the human brain itself. Our neural networks are not hardwired at birth but continue to develop for several years, new circuits forming in response to our first interactions with the environment. In much of the developed world, young children interact largely with television, so their neural networks can accommodate its warm, oneway, pacifying, activity-dampening stimulus. 8. The Computer J) My deepest, richest, most diverse, and rewarding relationship is with my computer. It plays games with me, tells me jokes, plays music to me, and does my taxes. I have great conversations with it, too. These conversations appear as e-mail and take on the personalities of supposed "friends," but the human embodiments of those "friends" are rarely with me. My concrete relationship is with this object on my desk (or in my lap).
京杭大运河(the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal)是中国古代劳动人民创造的一项伟大工程。有着2500多年历史的大运河是世界上最古老、工程最大、里程最长的运河。春秋时期(the Spring and Autumn Period)，吴国(the State of Wu)开凿了从扬州到淮安的运河。后来历经几个朝代的翻修扩建，才形成现今的京杭大运河。运河北通北京南至杭州，全长约1794公里。它对中国南北地区经济、文化发展与交流起了巨大作用。
兼职对全日制学生很有用，他们不但能赚到钱，还可以获得职业经验。
{{B}}Part II Listening Comprehension{{/B}}
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YouCanDoMorethanClicking"Like"!Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessay.Youshouldstartyouressaywithabriefdescriptionofthepictureandthenexpressyourviewsonthesentence"Youcandomorethanclicking'Like'."Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsbutnomorethan180words.
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