BSection B/B

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Faces, like fingerprints, are unique. Did you ever wonder how it is possible for us to recognize people? Even a skilled writer probably could not describe all the features that make one face different from another. Yet a very young child—or even an animal, such as a pigeon—can learn to recognize faces, we all take this ability for granted. We also tell people apart by how they behave. When we talk about someone' s personality, we mean the ways in which he or she acts, speaks, thinks and feels that make that individual different from others. Like the human face, human personality is very complex. But describing someone' s personality in words is somewhat easier than describing his face. If you were asked to describe what a "nice face" looked like, you probably would have a difficult time doing so. But if you were asked to describe a "nice person", you might begin to think about someone who was kind, considerate, friendly, warm, and so forth. There are many words to describe how a person thinks, feels and acts. Gordon Allport, an American psychologist, found nearly 18,000 English words characterizing differences in people's behavior. And many of us use this information as a basis for describing or typing his personality. Bookworms, conservatives, military types-people are described with such terms. People have always tried to "type" each other. Actors in early Greek drama wore masks to show the audience whether they played the villain's(坏人)or the hero's role. In fact, the words "person" and "personality" come from the Latin persona, meaning "mask". Today, most television and movie actors do not wear masks. But we can easily tell the "good guys" from the "bad guys" because the two types differ in appearance as well as in actions.

The medical world is gradually realizing that the quality of the environment in hospitals may play a significant role in the process of recovery from illness. As part of a nationwide effort in Britain to bring art out of the galleries and into public places, some of the country's most talented artists have been called in to transform older hospitals and to soften the hard edges of modern buildings. Of the 2,500 National Health Service hospitals in Britain, almost 100 now have significant collections of contemporary art in corridors, waiting areas and treatment rooms. These recent initiatives owe a great deal to one artist, Peter Senior, who set up his studio at a Manchester hospital in northeastern England during the early 1970s. He felt the artist had lost his place in modern society, and that art should be enjoyed by a wider audience. A typical hospital waiting room might have as many as 500 visitors each week. What better place to hold regular exhibitions of art? Senior held the first exhibition of his own paintings in the out-patients waiting area of the Manchester Royal Hospital in 1975. Believed to be Britain's first hospital artist, Senior was so much in demand that he was soon joined by a team of six young art school graduates. The effect is striking. Now in the corridors and waiting rooms the visitor experiences a full view of fresh colors, playful images and restful courtyards. The quality of the environment may reduce the need for expensive drugs when a patient is recovering from an illness. A study has shown that patients who had a view onto a garden needed half the number of strong pain killers compared with patients who had no view at all or only a brick wall to look at.

如今在中国，来自各方面的压力都在上升。据一家公司提供的数据显示，中国人的压力主要源于工作、个人财务和家庭三个因素。人们普遍表现出焦虑的症状。中国成为世界上压力最大的国家的原因或许如下：中国正在经历快速的经济发展，中国人不得不应对随之而来的巨大压力。此外，当前的社会保障体系还远不能满足人们的需求。

BSection B/B

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For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled On celebrity Making Mistakes following the outline given below. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words. 1．近年来，社会名人犯错曝光率越来越高 2．有人认为名人应该做好社会榜样，有人认为不应对名人过分严格要求 3．在我看来……

For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay on the advantages and disadvantages of new energy vehicles. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.

Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessaybasedonthepicturebelow.Youshouldstartyouressaywithabriefaccountofthefashionofplasticsurgeryandthenexplainwhypeopleseekplasticsurgery.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsbutnomorethan180words.

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文房四宝 (the Four Treasures of the Study)是中国古代书画用具的总称，指纸、墨、毛笔与 砚台 (inkstone).文房四宝的质量对绘画和 书法 (calligraphy)起着决定性的作用。因此进行中国传统绘画和书法的文人都很注重这些用具的选择。 唐宋时期 (the Tang and Song Dynasties)的文房四宝因其质量优良与制作精美，为后世学者高度称颂。在某种程度上来说，“文房四宝”是促进中国传统文化发展的一个重要因素。

BSection A/B

中国实行在公共场所禁止吸烟的规定。此举旨在遏制死于与吸烟有关的疾病(smoking-related diseases)的人数，并保护那些不抽烟民众的健康。然而禁烟令的有效性却遭到了质疑，因为它没有明确规定如何处罚那些违反规定的人。在中国，大约有3亿烟民。很多商家因为抽烟客人的抱怨并不欢迎禁烟令。禁烟令涉及的公共场所包括酒店、饭店、剧院和火车站候车室等，却不包括办公场所(workplace).

The United States' predominance in science and technology is fading, a report released this month by the National Science Board warns. The report underlines what a powerhouse the United States【C1】______in knowledge- and technology-intensive industries, including high-tech manufacturing, energy and drug industry. All in all, those industries【C2】______for about 40 percent of American economic output, more than in any other developed country, it finds. But with the rise of increasingly【C3】______emerging economies, the report suggests, underinvestment in research and development might translate into a less【C4】______, less productive American economy in the future. The world is【C5】______a "dramatic shift in the global scientific: landscape," said Dan E. Arvizu, chairman of the National Science Board. "Emerging economies understand the【C6】______science and innovation play in the global marketplace and in economic competitiveness and have increasingly placed a【C7】______on building their capacity in science and technology," he said. The Asian economies now perform a larger【C8】______of global research and development than the United States does. China carries out about as much high-tech manufacturing as the United States does, the report found. But the report also highlights some important market sectors where the United States appears to be falling behind. More【C9】______, the report finds that the United States might be【C10】______in the research and development spending that scientists say is the most important fuel for future innovation. Moreover, many countries spend larger and faster-growing proportions of their economic output on research.A) account E) directly I) limited M) shareB) competitive F) dominant J) priority N) undergoingC) concern G) effect K) remains O) worryinglyD) decays H) lagging L) role

昆曲 (Kunqu)是中国最古老的戏曲剧种之一，起源于 元朝末年 (the late Yuan Dynasty)江苏昆山地区。昆曲的表演有它独特的体系和风格。它最大的特点就是感情丰富，歌唱和舞蹈巧妙结合。许多昆曲剧目都是歌颂浪漫的古代爱情故事。昆曲代表作 《牡丹亭》 (The Peony Pavilion)是中国戏曲文学中的不朽之作。如今人们对保护传统文化的呼吁将有助于昆曲重新走向繁荣。

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