听力题 You can tell the age of a tree by counting its rings, but these records of a tree''s life really say a lot more. Scientists are using tree rings to learn what''s been happening on the sun''s surface for the last ten thousand years. Each ring represents a year of growth. As a tree grows, it adds a layer to its trunk, taking up chemical dements from the air. By looking at the elements in the tings from a given year, scientists can tell what elements were in the air that year.
Doctor Stevenson is analyzing one element--carbon-14 in rings from both living and dead trees. Some of the rings go back almost ten thousand years to the end of the Ice Age. When Stevenson followed the carbon-14 trail back in time, he found carbon-14 levels change with the intensity of solar burning. You see, the sun has cycles. Sometimes it burns fiercely; at other times it''s relatively calm. During the sun''s violent periods, it throws off charged particles in fast moving streams called "solar winds". The particles interfere with the formation of carbon-14 on earth. When there''s more solar wind activity, less carbon-14 is produced. Ten thousand years of tree rings show that the carbon-14 level rises and falls about every 420 years. The scientists concluded that solar wind activity must follow the same cycle.
You can tell the age of a tree by counting its rings, but these records of a tree''s life really say a lot more. Scientists are using tree rings to learn what''s been happening on the sun''s surface for the last ten thousand years. Each ring represents a year of growth. As a tree grows, it adds a layer to its trunk, taking up chemical dements from the air. By looking at the elements in the tings from a given year, scientists can tell what elements were in the air that year.
Doctor Stevenson is analyzing one element--carbon-14 in rings from both living and dead trees. Some of the rings go back almost ten thousand years to the end of the Ice Age. When Stevenson followed the carbon-14 trail back in time, he found carbon-14 levels change with the intensity of solar burning. You see, the sun has cycles. Sometimes it burns fiercely; at other times it''s relatively calm. During the sun''s violent periods, it throws off charged particles in fast moving streams called "solar winds". The particles interfere with the formation of carbon-14 on earth. When there''s more solar wind activity, less carbon-14 is produced. Ten thousand years of tree rings show that the carbon-14 level rises and falls about every 420 years. The scientists concluded that solar wind activity must follow the same cycle.
听力题The earth is composed of several layers
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听力题M: Hello, Mrs. Kelly
听力题 For years scientists have been worried about the effects of air pollution on the earth''s natural conditions. Some believe the air inside many houses may be more dangerous than the air outside. It may be one hundred times worse.
Indoor air pollution can cause a person to feel tired, to suffer eye-pain, headache and other problems. Some pollutants can cause breathing disorders, diseases of blood and even cancer. Most scientists agree that every modern house has some kind of indoor pollution. People began to notice the problem in the early 1970s. It is that when builders began making houses and offices they did not waste energy. To do this they built buildings that limited the flow of air between inside and outside. They also began using man-made building materials. These materials are now known to let out harmful gases. As the problem became more serious, scientists began searching for a way to deal with it. They discovered a natural pollution control system for building -green plants. Scientists do not really know how plants control air pollution. They believe that a plant''s leaves absorb or take in the pollutants. In exchange the plant lets out oxygen through its leaves and through its tiny organizations on its roots. Scientists suggest that all buildings should have one large plant or several small plants inside for every nine square meters of space. Studies of different plants show that each absorbs different chemicals. So the most effective way to clean the air is to use different kinds of plants. Having green plants inside your house can make it a prettier and safer place.
For years scientists have been worried about the effects of air pollution on the earth''s natural conditions. Some believe the air inside many houses may be more dangerous than the air outside. It may be one hundred times worse.
Indoor air pollution can cause a person to feel tired, to suffer eye-pain, headache and other problems. Some pollutants can cause breathing disorders, diseases of blood and even cancer. Most scientists agree that every modern house has some kind of indoor pollution. People began to notice the problem in the early 1970s. It is that when builders began making houses and offices they did not waste energy. To do this they built buildings that limited the flow of air between inside and outside. They also began using man-made building materials. These materials are now known to let out harmful gases. As the problem became more serious, scientists began searching for a way to deal with it. They discovered a natural pollution control system for building -green plants. Scientists do not really know how plants control air pollution. They believe that a plant''s leaves absorb or take in the pollutants. In exchange the plant lets out oxygen through its leaves and through its tiny organizations on its roots. Scientists suggest that all buildings should have one large plant or several small plants inside for every nine square meters of space. Studies of different plants show that each absorbs different chemicals. So the most effective way to clean the air is to use different kinds of plants. Having green plants inside your house can make it a prettier and safer place.
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听力题Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard
听力题If the earth gets hotter in the new century
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听力题 When Iraqi troops blew up hundreds of Kuwaiti oil wells at the end of the Gulf War, scientists feared an environmental disaster. Would black powder and the smoke from the fires circle the globe and block out the sun? Many said "No way. Rain would wash the black powder from the atmosphere." But in America, air sampling balloons have detected high concentrations of particles, similar to those collected in Kuwait. Now that the fires are out, scientists are turning attention to yet another threat: the oil did not catch fire. It has formed huge lakes in the Kuwaiti deserts. They trap insects and birds and poison a variety of other desert animals and plants. The only good news is that the oil lakes have not affected the underground water resources. So far, the oil has not been absorbed because of the hard sand just below the surface.
Nothing, however, stops the oil from evaporating. The resulting poisonous gas are choking nearby residents. Officials are trying to organize a quick cleanup, but they are not sure how to do it. One possibility is to burn the oil. Get those black powder detectors ready!
When Iraqi troops blew up hundreds of Kuwaiti oil wells at the end of the Gulf War, scientists feared an environmental disaster. Would black powder and the smoke from the fires circle the globe and block out the sun? Many said "No way. Rain would wash the black powder from the atmosphere." But in America, air sampling balloons have detected high concentrations of particles, similar to those collected in Kuwait. Now that the fires are out, scientists are turning attention to yet another threat: the oil did not catch fire. It has formed huge lakes in the Kuwaiti deserts. They trap insects and birds and poison a variety of other desert animals and plants. The only good news is that the oil lakes have not affected the underground water resources. So far, the oil has not been absorbed because of the hard sand just below the surface.
Nothing, however, stops the oil from evaporating. The resulting poisonous gas are choking nearby residents. Officials are trying to organize a quick cleanup, but they are not sure how to do it. One possibility is to burn the oil. Get those black powder detectors ready!
听力题 An elderly woman yesterday made a legal claim against a department store because it had wrongly accused her of stealing a Christmas card. Mrs. Doss white, 72 years old, is claiming $ 3,000 damages from the store for wrongful arrest and false imprisonment. Mrs. White said. "This man, a total stranger, suddenly grasped my bag and asked if he could look in it". She was taken back to the store and shut in a small room in full view of shoppers for 20 minutes until the police arrived. At the police station she was body-searched and nothing was found. Her lawyer said that the department store sent an insincere apology and they insisted that she may have been stealing. The hearing continues today. An elderly woman yesterday made a legal claim against a department store because it had wrongly accused her of stealing a Christmas card. Mrs. Doss white, 72 years old, is claiming $ 3,000 damages from the store for wrongful arrest and false imprisonment. Mrs. White said. "This man, a total stranger, suddenly grasped my bag and asked if he could look in it". She was taken back to the store and shut in a small room in full view of shoppers for 20 minutes until the police arrived. At the police station she was body-searched and nothing was found. Her lawyer said that the department store sent an insincere apology and they insisted that she may have been stealing. The hearing continues today.
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听力题 When a sleepy driver has trouble in keeping his eyes on the road and gets too close to another car, an alarm sound will warn the driver. If nothing is done, the car will automatically come to a stop and in this way prevent an accident. This is a new device which will soon be tested in an experimental car in Japan. The computer warning system keeps track of a driver’s condition by monitoring his heartbeat with signals transmitted from a band round his wrist.
The wristband records the driver’s pulse which measures the heart beat. Each pulse in the wrist sends a signal to the computer. By analyzing the pulse rate, the computer can determine whether a driver is drunk, sleeping or ill. Devices in other parts of the car can also tell the computer if the car is too close to another vehicle or is moving dangerously. The computer will sound the alarm when a problem arises, and will automatically stop the car if the driver ignores the warning.
When a sleepy driver has trouble in keeping his eyes on the road and gets too close to another car, an alarm sound will warn the driver. If nothing is done, the car will automatically come to a stop and in this way prevent an accident. This is a new device which will soon be tested in an experimental car in Japan. The computer warning system keeps track of a driver’s condition by monitoring his heartbeat with signals transmitted from a band round his wrist.
The wristband records the driver’s pulse which measures the heart beat. Each pulse in the wrist sends a signal to the computer. By analyzing the pulse rate, the computer can determine whether a driver is drunk, sleeping or ill. Devices in other parts of the car can also tell the computer if the car is too close to another vehicle or is moving dangerously. The computer will sound the alarm when a problem arises, and will automatically stop the car if the driver ignores the warning.
听力题The chief of operations for all of Asia, Joe Hatfield has been with Wal-Mart for 31 years, 11 of them in Shenzhen, China, where he typically works 12-to 14-hour a day.
In this city of seven million people just across the border from Hong Kong, Wal-Mart operates 11 (36)________ stores. They are the large big-box buildings (37)________ of Wal-Mart stores worldwide.
Mr. Hatfield is (38)________over a major expansion. With 47 stores in China, Wal-Mart is in the process of doubling its China operations. Its work force of 25,000 is (39)________ expected to double during the next two years.
China is (40)________ US-based Wal-Mart is expanding fastest. But Mr. Hatfield says there is no shortage of American companies that, like Wal-Mart, see fast-growing, (41)________ China as a tremendous opportunity.
"I mean Pizza Huts are in cities that I would have never thought about here in China today," he said. "That I would have never dreamed of, in these (42)________cities. And (43)________ it does is increase shareholder wealth. And many of those shareholders are based in the U. S. "
(44)________________________. In America (45)________________________.
In Hong Kong, some business executives complain that (46)________________________. Wal-Mart operated in Hong Kong during the 1990s, but closed its Wal-Mart and Sam''s Club stores after just a few years.
听力题M: Jean
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听力题 Sports and games are very useful for character training. In their lessons at school, boys and girls may learn about such virtues as unselfishness, courage, discipline and love of one’s country. But what is learned in books cannot have the same deep effect on a child’s character as what is learned by experience. As most of the pupils’ time is spent in classes studying lessons, the ordinary day school can’t give much practical training for their lives in the future. So it is what the pupils do in the spare time that really prepares them to take their places in society as citizens when they grow up. If each of them learns to work for his team, and not for himself on the football field, he will later find it natural to work for the good of his country instead of only for his own benefit. Sports and games are very useful for character training. In their lessons at school, boys and girls may learn about such virtues as unselfishness, courage, discipline and love of one’s country. But what is learned in books cannot have the same deep effect on a child’s character as what is learned by experience. As most of the pupils’ time is spent in classes studying lessons, the ordinary day school can’t give much practical training for their lives in the future. So it is what the pupils do in the spare time that really prepares them to take their places in society as citizens when they grow up. If each of them learns to work for his team, and not for himself on the football field, he will later find it natural to work for the good of his country instead of only for his own benefit.
听力题Do you have a tough math test coming up
听力题Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
听力题 I flew to San Francisco to take care of some business with Mr. Jordan. But as soon as I arrived, I got sick and couldn’t meet with him. I had to call our appointment off. Then, when I felt better I thought about visiting him at his home, but he lived too far away. I tried to telephone him during office hours, but he was busy. The receptionist said that Mr. Jordan would call me back, but he didn’t. I gave up trying to make a new appointment because it would take more time and effort than I wanted to spend.
A few days later, I saw a man on the street who looked like Mr. Jordan, and I called out to him. It was someone else. When I returned to my hotel that day, I found a message, which said that Mr. Jordan had gone out of town on some sudden unexpected business. I was sorry I had missed seeing him, but I really enjoyed my sightseeing in San Francisco.
I flew to San Francisco to take care of some business with Mr. Jordan. But as soon as I arrived, I got sick and couldn’t meet with him. I had to call our appointment off. Then, when I felt better I thought about visiting him at his home, but he lived too far away. I tried to telephone him during office hours, but he was busy. The receptionist said that Mr. Jordan would call me back, but he didn’t. I gave up trying to make a new appointment because it would take more time and effort than I wanted to spend.
A few days later, I saw a man on the street who looked like Mr. Jordan, and I called out to him. It was someone else. When I returned to my hotel that day, I found a message, which said that Mr. Jordan had gone out of town on some sudden unexpected business. I was sorry I had missed seeing him, but I really enjoyed my sightseeing in San Francisco.