听力题M: Erm..

听力题It was on August 14, 1945, that Japan communicated to the Allied powers that it would surrender. The official announcement from Tokyo came the (36)________day. It was the day-after Tokyo sent its surrender notice to the Allies that its own people learned the news. On August 15, 1945, Japan''s national radio network (37)________ the power of its transmitters for an unprecedented broadcast address of the "Voice of the Crane"—the emperor. Until that (38)________day, ordinary Japanese had never heard their emperor speak. Speaking in archaic (39)________ language understood by few of his subjects, Emperor Hirohito told Japan that the (40)________of battle had not necessarily developed to the nation''s advantage. While most Japanese reacted with (41)________ silence, there was jubilation across Asia as countries quickly realized they were being liberated from a long period of (42)________ and militarism. Sixty years on, Japan still seems to have difficulty (43)________ to grips with its defeat. The media focus here every August is on the U. S. atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki (44)________________________. Every year on August 15, some cabinet ministers visit Tokyo''s Yasukuni Shrine, setting off protests by Asian governments, (45)________________________. Although August 14 and 15 are celebrated as the end of the war, it was not until September 2, 1945, that (46)________________________.

听力题The motel, or motor inn, is the (36)____kind of place in which people who are away from home can (37)____. The first motel opened, it is said, in (38)____in Arizona. It was called Askin''s Cottage Camp. Later it was known as Askin''s Auto Camp, and motel is still in (39)____there. It is believed that the (40)____was first used in 1925 by the Milestone Motel. When the owner was (41)____the name of the place on a sign and saw that he had not allowed enough room on the (42)____to have "Milestone Motor Hotel", he (43)____it to "Milestone Motel". From the early days (44)_________________, motels have grown until today (45)_______________. Moreover, motel owners provide more and more for the guests'' comfort and pleasure, (46)_______________.

听力题M: Hello. W: Hello, Sam...this is Paula Hansen

听力题M: Hi, Helen

听力题It came as something of a surprise when Diana

听力题M: Oh

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听力题In February last year, my wife lost her job

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听力题Canada is a welfare state

听力题 An Arab prince had heard that in a certain town there was a judge who was clever in discovering truth. The prince disguised himself as a merchant and set off for the town to test the ability of the judge personally. On his way to the town, a beggar asked the prince for money and wanted to ride on the prince’s horse. Therefore, the prince let him sit behind him on the horse. When they got to the town, the beggar suddenly said the horse was his. They argued. They came to the judge and each one said the horse was his. “Leave the horse here and come back tomorrow,” the judge said. Next morning, the judge took them, one by one, to a stable where there were many horses. Each of them recognized the horse without difficulty. Then the judge said to the prince, “The horse is yours,” and ordered the beggar was given fifty blows with a whip. The prince wondered how the judge decided the case. The judge said, “When you went to the stable, I saw the horse turned his head to look at you. When the beggar approached the horse, the horse raised one foot and looked in the other direction indifferently. Thus I knew the horse belonged to you.” An Arab prince had heard that in a certain town there was a judge who was clever in discovering truth. The prince disguised himself as a merchant and set off for the town to test the ability of the judge personally. On his way to the town, a beggar asked the prince for money and wanted to ride on the prince’s horse. Therefore, the prince let him sit behind him on the horse. When they got to the town, the beggar suddenly said the horse was his. They argued. They came to the judge and each one said the horse was his. “Leave the horse here and come back tomorrow,” the judge said. Next morning, the judge took them, one by one, to a stable where there were many horses. Each of them recognized the horse without difficulty. Then the judge said to the prince, “The horse is yours,” and ordered the beggar was given fifty blows with a whip. The prince wondered how the judge decided the case. The judge said, “When you went to the stable, I saw the horse turned his head to look at you. When the beggar approached the horse, the horse raised one foot and looked in the other direction indifferently. Thus I knew the horse belonged to you.”

听力题 Today I''m going to discuss transportation and communication in the early 19th century in the United States. At that time, inland waterways provided North America''s most popular form of long distance transportation. Travel by river was often more convenient than taking a wagon over primitive country roads, especially when shipping heavy loads of farm products or household goods. Where the natural waterways were inadequate, shallow canals were built. The Erie Canal, opened in 1825, connected the Great Lakes with the upper Hudson River. It allowed settlers in the Great Lakes region to send their crops eastward to New York City at the mouth of the Hudson at a much lower cost. From there, crops could be shipped to other Atlantic ports. The construction of the Erie Canal also encouraged westward migration along inland waterways and helped populate the frontier. The City of Detroit grew up between two of the Great Lakes. Later a canal joined the Great Lakes with the Mississippi river system and Chicago became a thriving city. Politically the waterway system united the nation in a way few had imagined possible. By the mid-1800''s faster and cheaper railroads became more popular and the canal system declined. Railroads could be used year round whereas canals were often frozen in the winter. During the first third of the century, however, transportation on rivers, lakes and canals aided greatly in the growth of the United States. Next week we''ll discuss the railroads in greater detail. Today I''m going to discuss transportation and communication in the early 19th century in the United States. At that time, inland waterways provided North America''s most popular form of long distance transportation. Travel by river was often more convenient than taking a wagon over primitive country roads, especially when shipping heavy loads of farm products or household goods. Where the natural waterways were inadequate, shallow canals were built. The Erie Canal, opened in 1825, connected the Great Lakes with the upper Hudson River. It allowed settlers in the Great Lakes region to send their crops eastward to New York City at the mouth of the Hudson at a much lower cost. From there, crops could be shipped to other Atlantic ports. The construction of the Erie Canal also encouraged westward migration along inland waterways and helped populate the frontier. The City of Detroit grew up between two of the Great Lakes. Later a canal joined the Great Lakes with the Mississippi river system and Chicago became a thriving city. Politically the waterway system united the nation in a way few had imagined possible. By the mid-1800''s faster and cheaper railroads became more popular and the canal system declined. Railroads could be used year round whereas canals were often frozen in the winter. During the first third of the century, however, transportation on rivers, lakes and canals aided greatly in the growth of the United States. Next week we''ll discuss the railroads in greater detail.

听力题 There are three groups of English learners: beginners, intermediate learners and learners of special English. Beginners need to learn the basics of English. Students who have reached an intermediate level benefit from learning general English skills. But what about students who want to learn specialist English for their work or professional life? Most students who fit into this third group have a clear idea about what they want to learn. A bank clerk, for example, wants to use the specialist vocabulary and technical terms of finance. But for teachers, deciding how to teach specialist English is not always so easy. For a start, the variety is enormous. Every field from airline pilots to secretaries has its own vocabulary and technical terms. Teachers also need to have an up-to-date knowledge of that specialist language. And not many teachers are exposed to working environments outside the classroom. These issues have influenced the way specialist English is taught in schools. This type of course is usually known as English for Specific Purposes or ESP. And there is an ESP course for almost every area of professional and working life. In Britain, for example, there are courses which teach English for doctors, lawyers, reporters, travel agents and people working in the hotel industry. By far the most popular ESP courses are for business English. There are three groups of English learners: beginners, intermediate learners and learners of special English. Beginners need to learn the basics of English. Students who have reached an intermediate level benefit from learning general English skills. But what about students who want to learn specialist English for their work or professional life? Most students who fit into this third group have a clear idea about what they want to learn. A bank clerk, for example, wants to use the specialist vocabulary and technical terms of finance. But for teachers, deciding how to teach specialist English is not always so easy. For a start, the variety is enormous. Every field from airline pilots to secretaries has its own vocabulary and technical terms. Teachers also need to have an up-to-date knowledge of that specialist language. And not many teachers are exposed to working environments outside the classroom. These issues have influenced the way specialist English is taught in schools. This type of course is usually known as English for Specific Purposes or ESP. And there is an ESP course for almost every area of professional and working life. In Britain, for example, there are courses which teach English for doctors, lawyers, reporters, travel agents and people working in the hotel industry. By far the most popular ESP courses are for business English.

听力题Fred telephoned his wife

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听力题 I had to go to Amsterdam last week for a conference. I arrived at the airport in plenty of time and checked in, but I only had one small case so I decided to take it on the plane as hand luggage. As the flight was not due to board for 45 minutes, I went to a cafe, sat down, and ordered a cup of coffee. While I was sitting there drinking my coffee and reading the paper, I was vaguely aware of a woman and her child coming to sit at the next table. I did not pay much attention to them, though, and when my flight was called I reached for my case and left. An hour later, the plane was in the air and I decided to look at the conference program to see what I wanted to attend. Imagine my horror when I opened the case and found that it was full of picture books and children''s toys—and imagine what the woman must have thought about a case full of men''s clothes and scientific papers! I had to go to Amsterdam last week for a conference. I arrived at the airport in plenty of time and checked in, but I only had one small case so I decided to take it on the plane as hand luggage. As the flight was not due to board for 45 minutes, I went to a cafe, sat down, and ordered a cup of coffee. While I was sitting there drinking my coffee and reading the paper, I was vaguely aware of a woman and her child coming to sit at the next table. I did not pay much attention to them, though, and when my flight was called I reached for my case and left. An hour later, the plane was in the air and I decided to look at the conference program to see what I wanted to attend. Imagine my horror when I opened the case and found that it was full of picture books and children''s toys—and imagine what the woman must have thought about a case full of men''s clothes and scientific papers!

听力题 We have all heard about the importance of a balanced diet and seen poster after poster illustrating the four basic food groups and advising us to eat something from each group every day. Medical research has shown that the lack of a balanced diet can cause any number of physical problems, from fatigue to headaches to cancer. But if we take a wider view we realize that it is not the lack of a balanced diet that causes problems. A bad diet is the symptom of more deeply rooted social, cultural, and economic problems. When people don’t eat right, it is often because they can not afford to do so or because they have been so inundated with ads for fast food that they find convenience more attractive than good health. It may be because the stress of competing for success in school or at work has them seeking the comfort of candy bars, alcohol, and perhaps even drugs. Poverty, mass-marketing, and aggressive competition: these are the real causes of all the diet-related diseases. Putting posters of the four food groups in our classrooms will not begin to solve the real problems, which are too large to reduce to pictures on the wall. We have all heard about the importance of a balanced diet and seen poster after poster illustrating the four basic food groups and advising us to eat something from each group every day. Medical research has shown that the lack of a balanced diet can cause any number of physical problems, from fatigue to headaches to cancer. But if we take a wider view we realize that it is not the lack of a balanced diet that causes problems. A bad diet is the symptom of more deeply rooted social, cultural, and economic problems. When people don’t eat right, it is often because they can not afford to do so or because they have been so inundated with ads for fast food that they find convenience more attractive than good health. It may be because the stress of competing for success in school or at work has them seeking the comfort of candy bars, alcohol, and perhaps even drugs. Poverty, mass-marketing, and aggressive competition: these are the real causes of all the diet-related diseases. Putting posters of the four food groups in our classrooms will not begin to solve the real problems, which are too large to reduce to pictures on the wall.

听力题M: Have you done the lab for physiology yet — the one on taste? W: Yeah, it was kind of fun — mapping the taste buds. Didn''t you think so? M: I''m doing it this afternoon. How long will it take? W: It went pretty quickly — under an hour, anyway. See, first you mix up the four solutions. M: You take water and add either sugar, lemon juice, salt, or... uh... What was it? W: Bitter kwinnine. M: That''s it... uh ... then what? W: Then all you have to do is taste each sample and describe where each flavor seems most intense. M: Is that hard? W: Not really. One thing to remember though — not all the taste buds are on the tongue. M: Right. I''ll keep that in mind. And thanks for going over this with me. Maybe we could talk about this after I''ve tried it — we could get a pizza or something. W: Great. Give me a call. M: Have you done the lab for physiology yet — the one on taste? W: Yeah, it was kind of fun — mapping the taste buds. Didn''t you think so? M: I''m doing it this afternoon. How long will it take? W: It went pretty quickly — under an hour, anyway. See, first you mix up the four solutions. M: You take water and add either sugar, lemon juice, salt, or... uh... What was it? W: Bitter kwinnine. M: That''s it... uh ... then what? W: Then all you have to do is taste each sample and describe where each flavor seems most intense. M: Is that hard? W: Not really. One thing to remember though — not all the taste buds are on the tongue. M: Right. I''ll keep that in mind. And thanks for going over this with me. Maybe we could talk about this after I''ve tried it — we could get a pizza or something. W: Great. Give me a call.

听力题 One of the biggest problems in developing countries is hunger. An organization called Heifer International is working to improve this situation. The organization sends farm animals to families and communities around the world. An American farmer Dan West developed the idea for Heifer International in the 1930s. Mr. West was working in Spain where he discovered a need for cows. Many families were starving because of the Civil War in that country. So Mr. West asked his friends in the United States to send some cows. The first Heifer animals were sent in 1944. Since that time more than 4,000,000 people in 115 countries have had better lives because of Heifer animals. To receive a Heifer animal, families must first explain their needs and goals. They must also make a plan which will allow them to become self-supporting. Local experts usually provide training. The organization says that animals must have food, water, shelter, health care and the ability to reproduce. Without them the animals will not remain healthy and productive. Heifer International also believes that families must pass on some of their success to others in need. This belief guarantees that each person who takes part in the program also becomes a giver. Every family that receives a Heifer animal must agree to give that animal''s first female baby to other people in need. Families must also agree to pass on the skills and training they received from Heifer International. This concept helps communities become self-supporting. One of the biggest problems in developing countries is hunger. An organization called Heifer International is working to improve this situation. The organization sends farm animals to families and communities around the world. An American farmer Dan West developed the idea for Heifer International in the 1930s. Mr. West was working in Spain where he discovered a need for cows. Many families were starving because of the Civil War in that country. So Mr. West asked his friends in the United States to send some cows. The first Heifer animals were sent in 1944. Since that time more than 4,000,000 people in 115 countries have had better lives because of Heifer animals. To receive a Heifer animal, families must first explain their needs and goals. They must also make a plan which will allow them to become self-supporting. Local experts usually provide training. The organization says that animals must have food, water, shelter, health care and the ability to reproduce. Without them the animals will not remain healthy and productive. Heifer International also believes that families must pass on some of their success to others in need. This belief guarantees that each person who takes part in the program also becomes a giver. Every family that receives a Heifer animal must agree to give that animal''s first female baby to other people in need. Families must also agree to pass on the skills and training they received from Heifer International. This concept helps communities become self-supporting.