25 years ago, Ray Anderson, a single parent with a one-year-old son【B1】______a terrible accident which took place when the driver of a truck ran a red light and【B2】______the car of Sandra Jenkins. The impact of the collision killed Sandra【B3】______. But her three-month-old daughter was left trapped in the burning car. While others looked on in horror, Anderson jumped out of his vehicle and crawled into the car through the【B4】______rear window to try to free the infant. Seconds later, the car was enclosed in flames. But to everyone's amazement, Anderson was able to pull the baby to safety. While the baby was all right, Anderson was seriously injured. Two days later he died. But his 【B5】______act was published widely in the media. His son was soon adopted by relatives. The most【B6】______part of the story unfolded only last week. Karen and her boyfriend Michael were 【B7】______some old boxes when they came across some old newspaper clippings. "This is me when I was a new born baby. I was rescued from a burning car. But my mother died in the accident," explained Karen. Although Michael knew Karen's mother had died years earlier, he never fully understood the【B8】______until he skimmed over the newspaper article. To Karen's surprise, Michael 【B9】______the details of the accident And he began to cry uncontrollably. Then he revealed that the man that pulled Karen from the flames was the father he never knew. The two【B10】______and shed many tears, recounting stories told to them about their parents.

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Back in the carefree days of the Noughties boom, Britain's youngsters were swept along by the buy-now-pay-later culture embraced by consumers up and down the country. During a decade of near-full employment, many【C1】______quickly from one job—and one credit card—to another, and rainy days were such a distant memory that they【C2】______seemed worth saving for. But with the supply of cheap credit【C3】______up and a generation of school and university leavers about to【C4】______the recession-hit job market, thousands of young people with no memory of the early 1990s recession are shocked into the【C5】______that the world of 2009 is very different. Katie Orme, 19, who lives in Birmingham, says she has decided never to get a credit card after seeing the problems that her parents and 22yearold sister have had with debt—just one of the【C6】______lessons that she has had to learn. Orme finished her A-levels a year ago, and has been searching for a job—and living at home with her parents—ever since. She has had to【C7】______on to support herself and is now on a 12-week internship(实习期)at the Prince's Trust to improve her【C8】______The Trust says that the number of calls from【C9】______people such as Orme has shot up by 50% over six months. "It's so hard to get a job at the moment," she says, "it's better to go and get more qualifications so when more jobs are【C10】______you will be better suited." A)sign B)skipped C)available D)mostly E)anxious F)mug G)hardly H)remedy I)realization J)dynamic K)resume L)tough M)neglected N)drying O)flood

Moving far more quickly than many had thought likely or possible, lawmakers in the 10-member House-Senate committee announced the agreement after less than 24 hours of negotiations. Senate Majority Leader Harry Reid: "Like any negotiation, this involved give and take, and if you don't mind my saying so that is an understatement." The agreement drops the total to $789 billion, while both Senate and House-passed measures exceeded $800 billion. A combination of low and middle income tax cuts, making up about 35 percent of the bill, and domestic spending, its supporters say it meets President Barack Obama's goal of creating or saving as many as 4 million jobs. Susan Collins of Maine was among only 3 moderate Senate Republicans who joined the Democratic majority there. She says money trimmed from the bill reflects an effort to focus it more sharply to help the economy. "It is a fiscally-responsible number that reflects our efforts to truly focus this bill on programs, and policies and tax relief that will help turn our economy around, create jobs and provide relief to the families of our country," she said. Collins also pointed out the agreement increases spending on infrastructure projects, more than $150 billion in the proposed measure. Republican opponents kept up their criticisms, primarily that the measure contains untargeted spending and not the right level of tax relief. House Republican leader John Boehner voiced disappointment with the agreement, repeating his assertion that the measure will not create jobs quickly enough. "It appears that they have made a bad bill worse by reducing the amount of tax relief for American families and small businesses, and adding more wasteful Washington spending," he said. But Senator Arlen Specter, another moderate Republican who worked with Democrats, said action was required. "This is obviously a very difficult vote in view of the large deficit and national debt which we have, but I believe it is indispensable, that strong action be taken," he said. White House aides, including Chief of Staff Rahm Emanuel, joined in the negotiations on Capitol Hill. Lawmakers behind the agreement hope a final conference report will be ready in the next 2 days that the House and Senate will vote on. Approval would send the legislation to President Obama for signature. An eventual Senate vote is expected to mirror earlier results in which majority Democrats, with help from the 3 Republicans, achieved the 60 votes needed to overcome any procedural block. It remains to be seen how a vote will turn out in the House, where no Republicans supported a House-passed measure, but where Democrats hold a strong enough majority to pass measures easily. House Republican leaders declined to predict Wednesday how many in their party might support final legislation.

黄河流域(basin)是中国古代文明的发祥地，因此黄河被称作中华民族的母亲河、中华文明的摇篮。

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北京的一大特色就是有无数的“ 胡同 ”(Hutong)。平民百姓在那儿生活，给古都北京带来了无穷魅力。北京的胡同不仅仅是平民百姓的生活环境，而且还是一门建筑艺术。它反映了社会的变迁兴衰。通常，一个 大杂院 (courtyard complex)，也叫 四合院 (quadrangle courtyard)，平均要住4到10户人家，共约20口人。所以,住在胡同里会感到友善和人情味儿。如今，随着社会和经济的飞速发展，不少旧的胡同被新的高楼大厦所取代。但愿，具有原始风格的胡同可以保留下来。

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生肖 (Chinese Zodiac)是指代表着每个人出生年份的十二种动物。它是中国民间计算年龄的方法，也是一种古老的 纪年法 (chronology)。生肖的产生可能源于古代人对动物的崇拜。关于人们为什么选择这十二种动物，以及为什么按照这样的顺序排列，有许多传说，但并没有定论。有些人会把性格和命运跟生肖联系起来。这是没有科学依据的。中国邮政在每年新年之初都会发行生肖邮票。中国人过年的时候，也喜欢在家门贴上印有生肖的年画。

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北京烤鸭(Beijing Roast Duck)是北京名菜，也被誉为中国的一道“国菜”，在全世界享有盛誉。

BPart Ⅳ Translation/B

The Mystery of the Nazca Lines [A]If you visit the Peruvian coastal desert from north to south, you will note that sporadically you come upon a green and fertile valley surrounded by sand. The valleys of the Peruvian Pacific coast are like elongated oasis, through which run narrow and torrential rivers that originate in the snowcapped mountains of the Andes and which flow to the Pacific Ocean. As you travel more towards the south, these valleys become smaller and the rivers are narrower. Many of these rivers run dry for most part of the year with the exception of the rainy season in the mountains(from December to March). [B]Nazca is one of these valleys. Here an important civilization developed during the first six centuries after Christ It was a culture made up of noteworthy textile weavers and potters(the best paintings of ancient Peru can be found on the ceramics from Nazca). Great desert plains and plateaus extend to the north and south of this region, a land of complete aridness where there is no vegetation, where the air is very dry and where it seldom rains. Compared to the other nearby valleys, this valley is inhabited by no one. The Nazca Lines [C]Across the plain between the Inca and Nazca Valleys, there lies an area measuring 37 miles long and 1 mile wide, on which there is an assortment of perfectly straight lines, many running parallel, others intersecting, forming a grand geometric form. In and around the lines there are also trapezoidal zones, strange symbols, and pictures of birds and beasts all etched(被侵蚀的)on a giant scale that can only be appreciated from the sky. [D]The figures come in two types: biomorphs and geoglyphs. The biomorphs are some 70 animal and plant figures that include a spider, hummingbird, monkey and a 1,000-foot-long pelican. The biomorphs are grouped together in one area on the plain. Some archaeologists believe they were constructed around 200 B.C., about 500 years before the geoglyphs. [E]There are about 900 geoglyphs on the plain. Geoglyphs are geometric forms that include straight lines, triangles, spirals, circles and trapezoids. They are enormous in size. The longest straight line goes nine miles across the plain. [F]The forms are so difficult to see from the ground that they were not discovered until the 1930's when aircraft, when surveying for water, spotted them. The plain, crisscrossed(交叉的), by these giant lines with many forming rectangles, has a striking resemblance to a modern airport. The Swiss writer, Erich von Daniken, even suggested they had been built for the convenience of ancient visitors from space to land their ships. As tempting as it might be to subscribe to this theory, the desert floor at Nazca is soft earth and loose stone and would not support the landing wheels of either an aircraft or a flying saucer. How Were They Built? [G]Straight lines can be made easily for great distances with simple tools. Two wooden stakes placed as a straight line would be used to guide the placement of a third stake along the line. One person would sight along the first two stakes and instructs a second person in the placement of the new stake. This can be repeated as many times as needed to make an almost perfectly-straight line miles in length. The symbols were probably made by drawing the desired figure at some reasonable size, then using a grid system to divide it up. The symbol could then be redrawn at full scale by recreating the grid on the ground and working on each individual square one at a time. So Why Are the Lines There? [H]The American explorer Paul Kosok, who made his first visit to Nazca in the 1940s, suggested that the lines were astronomically significant and that the plain acted as a giant observatory. He called them "the largest astronomy book in the world." Gerald Hawkins, an American astronomer, tested this theory in 1968 by feeding the position of a sample of lines into a computer and having a program calculate how many lines coincided with an important astronomical event. Hawkins showed the number of lines that were astronomically significant were only about the same number that would be the result of pure chance. This makes it seem unlikely Nazca is an observatory. [I]Perhaps the best theory for the lines and symbols belongs to Tony Morrison, the English explorer. By researching the old folk ways of the people of the Andes mountains, Morrison discovered a tradition of wayside shrines(神殿)linked by straight pathways. The faithful would move from shrine to shrine praying and meditating. Often the shrine was as simple as a small pile of stones. Morrison suggests that the lines at Nazca were similar in purpose and on a vast scale. The symbols may have served as special enclosures for religious ceremonies. [J]Recently two researchers, David Johnson and Steve Mabee, have advanced a theory that the geo-glyphs may be related to water. The Nazca plain is one of the driest places on Earth, getting less than one inch of rain a year. Johnson, while looking for sources of water in the region, noticed that ancient aqueducts(引水渠)seemed to be connected with some of the lines. Johnson thinks that the shapes may be a giant map of the underground water sources traced on the land. Mabee is working to gather evidence that might confirm this theory. [K]Other scientists are more skeptical, but admit that in a region where finding water was vital to survival, there might well be some connection between the ceremonial purpose of the lines and water. Johan Reinhard, a cultural anthropologist with the National Geographic Society, found that villagers in Bolivia walk along a straight pathway to shrines while praying and dancing for rain. Something similar may have been done at the ancient Nasca lines. [L]The lines at Nazca aren't the only landscape figures Peru boasts. About 850 miles south of the plain is the largest human figure in the world laid out upon the side of Solitary Mountain. The Giant of Atacama stands 393 feet high and is surrounded by lines similar to those at Nazca. [M]Along the Pacific Coast in the foothills of the Andes Mountains is etched a figure resembling a giant candelabrum. Further south, Sierra Pintada, which means "the painted mountain" in Spanish, is covered with vast pictures including spirals, circles, warriors and a condor. Archaeologists speculate that these figures, clearly visible from the ground, served as guideposts for Inca traders. Preserving the Nazca Lines [N]It is difficult to keep the Nazca Lines free from outside intervention. As with all ancient ruins, such as Machu Piccu, weather by wind and rain, and human tampering will take their toll on these ancient Lines. [O]In recent years the Nazca Lines have suffered gradual destruction, as tomb raiders seeking pre-Inca artifacts scar the terrain with hundreds of burrows, garbage, among other waste material. A boom in copper and gold mining is defacing parts of the Nazca lines with tracks from truck traffic. Over the past decade, advertisers and political campaigns have carved huge messages in the rock and sand between the ancient designs in this region 250 miles south of Lima. In 1998, floods and mudslides from the El Nino weather pattern seriously eroded several figures.[P]The damage to the lines underscores Peru's desperate struggle to preserve its national patrimony. Archaeologists say they are watching helplessly as the quest for scholarship and conservation in a country viewed as the cradle of New World civilization is losing out to commercial interests, bleak poverty and the growing popularity of heritage sites as tourist attractions.

People traveling long distances frequently have to decide whether they would prefer to go by land, sea, or air. Hardly can anyone positively enjoy sitting in a train for more than a few hours. Train compartments soon get cramped and stuffy. Reading is only a partial solution, for the monotonous rhythm of the wheels clicking on the rails soon lulls you to sleep. During the day, sleep comes in snatches. At night, when you really wish to go to sleep you rarely manage to do so. Inevitably you arrive at your destination almost exhausted. Long car journey are even less pleasant, for it is quite impossible even to read. On motorways you can, at least, travel fairly safely at high speeds, but more often than not, the greater part of the journey is spent on narrow, bumpy roads which are crowded with traffic. By comparison, trips by sea offer a great variety of civilized comforts. You can stretch your legs on the spacious decks, play games, swim, meet interesting people and enjoy good food—always assuming, of course, that the sea is calm. If it is not, and you are likely to get seasick; no form of transport could be worse. Even if you travel in ideal weather, sea journeys take a long time. Relatively few people are prepared to sacrifice up to a third of their holidays for the pleasure of traveling on a ship. Airplanes have the reputation of being dangerous and expensive. But nothing can match them for speed and comfort. Traveling at a height of 30,000 feet, far above the clouds, and at over 500 miles an hour is an exhilarating experience. For a few hours, you settle back in a deep armchair to enjoy the flight The real escapist can watch a free film show and sip champagne on some services. But even when such refinements are not available, there is plenty to keep you occupied. An airplane offers you an unusual and breathtaking view of the world. You soar effortlessly over high mountains and deep valleys. You really see the shape of the land. If the landscape is hidden from the view, you can enjoy the extraordinary sight of unbroken cloud plains that stretch out for miles before you, while the sun shines brilliantly in a clear sky. The journey is so smooth that there is nothing to prevent you from reading or sleeping. However you decide to spend your time, one thing is certain: you will arrive at your destination fresh and uncrumpled.

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