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泰山 (Mount Tai)位于山东省的中部，海拔1545米。山上有不计其数的 奇石 (grotesque rock formations)、清瀑、古松、石桥、庙宇、塔类、 殿堂 (hall)，以及历代名人和 书法家 (calligrapher)所留下的古老的石刻 碑文 (inscription)。泰山将自然景观与文化遗产完美地融为一体。吸引着来自世界各地的游客。泰山之所以被称为“天下第一山”，是因为历代帝王认为它是 圣地 (holy place)，并来此祈祷国家繁荣祥和。1987年泰山因其文化价值和旅游价值而被列为世界文化遗产和自然遗产。

要解决这一问题，需要每个人和政府的共同努力。

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拙政园(the Humble Administrator's Garden)位于苏州城北，是江南园林的典型代表，也是面积最大的古典山水园林，被誉为“中国园林之母”。

For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay commenting on the remark "The Importance of Cooperation". You can cite examples to illustrate your point. You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words. Write your essay on Answer Sheet 1.

中国的人口老龄化带来了一系列社会问题，如劳动力资源相对短缺、国家福利和医疗服务支出增加。

For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition entitled The Importance of Attending Your Classes Regularly. You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words following the outline given below. 1．现在大学校园里，迟到、早退、旷课是常见的现象。 2．保证学生的出勤率对大学教育的重要性。 3．作为一个大学生应该怎样做?

BSection B/B

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Not too many decades ago it seemed "obvious" both to the general public and to sociologists that modem society has changed people's natural relations, loosened their responsibilities to kin(亲戚)and neighbors, and substituted in their place superficial relationships with passing acquaintances. However, in recent years a growing body of research has revealed that the "obvious" is not true. It seems that if you are a city resident, you typically know a smaller proportion of your neighbors than you do if you are a resident of a smaller community. But, for the most part, this fact has few significant consequences. It does not necessarily follow that if you know few of your neighbors you will know no one else. Even in very large cities, people maintain close social ties within small, private social worlds. Indeed, the number and quality of meaningful relationships do not differ between more and less urban people. Small-town residents are more involved with kin than are big-city residents. Yet city dwellers compensate by developing friendships with people who share similar interests and activities. Urbanism may produce a different style of life, but the quality of life does not differ between town and city. Nor are residents of large communities any likelier to display psychological symptoms of stress or alienation, a feeling of not belonging, than are residents of smaller communities. However, city dwellers do worry more about crime, and this leads them to a distrust of strangers. These findings do not imply that urbanism makes little or no difference. If neighbors are strangers to one another, they are less likely to sweep the sidewalk of an elderly couple living next door or keep an eye out for young trouble makers. Moreover, as Wirth suggested, there may be a link between a community's population size and its social heterogeneity(多样性). For instance, sociologists have found much evidence that the size of a community is associated with bad behavior including gambling, drugs, etc. Large-city urbanites are also more likely than their small-town counterparts to have a cosmopolitan(见多识广者的)outlook, to display less responsibility to traditional kinship roles, to vote for leftist political candidates, and to be tolerant of nontraditional religious groups, unpopular political groups, and so-called undesirables. Everything considered, heterogeneity and unusual behavior seem to be outcomes of large population size.

For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled My Views on University Ranking. You should write at least 150 words following the outline given below. 1．目前高校排名相当盛行。 2．对于这种做法人们看法不一。 3．在我看来……

Write a composition entitled Should Children Bring Cell Phones to School? You should write at least 150 word but no more than 200 words according to the outline given below. 1．目前越来越多的家长给孩子配手机，目的是…… 2．带来的问题。 3．你的看法。

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麻将 (Chinese Mahjong)是一种源自中国的益智游戏，参与者一般为4人。一副麻将有136张 牌 (tile)，由用竹子、骨头或塑料制成的小长方块组成，小方块上面刻有图案或字样。因而，麻将牌实际上是纸牌与 骨牌 (dominoes)的结合体。不同地区的游戏规则稍有不同，复杂而有趣。打麻将的技巧灵活而多变，因此成为中国历史上最能吸引人的一种 博戏 (gambling)形式。打麻将可以使人放松，但如果长期沉迷于这种游戏，会对人的身心造成极大伤害。

中国的四大发明包括指南针、火药、造纸术和印刷术。它们是中国在人类文明史上占有重要地位的标志之一。第一个指南针产生于 战国时期 (the Warring States Period)，是利用 天然磁石 (natural magnet)来辨别方向的一种简单仪器。火药发明于隋唐时期，主要应用于军事领域。造纸术于东汉年间由蔡伦改进，使纸成为人们普遍使用的书写材料。印刷术，又称活字印刷术，大大促进了文化的传播。四大发明对世界经济的发展和人类文化的进步做出了巨大的贡献。

The number of executive branch employees retiring this fiscal year, which ends next month, is on track to be nearly twice the total who retired in 2009, according to government figures. And the rate looks certain to【C1】 1In 2000, about 94,000 people age 60 and older worked for the government. Last year, the number was 262,000. The wave of retirement is helping to bring down the size of the federal【C2】 2and—where funding is available—could afford agencies the chance to hire younger workers with【C3】 3skills. The retirement of clerks could clear the way for experts in cyber security and information technology. But among those leaving are people with specific【C4】 4that cannot easily be replaced—for instance, nuclear physicists at the Energy Department and a large number of air traffic controllers who were hired three decades ago. And with most hiring on hold, the【C5】 5are already reshaping agencies that cannot replace most of the retirees or mentor and train new executives. In some corners of government, the challenge is grim. By 2016,【C6】 642 percent of the Department of Housing and Urban Development workforce will be【C7】 7to retire. At the Small Business Administration, it's 44 percent. There is no【C8】 8retirement age for most civilian federal employees, but retiring is looking ever more attractive, employees say, with their salaries frozen for three years by Congress and public service【C9】 9by many politicians. "It finally got to the point where I got completely【C10】 10said Richard Swensen, 60, who retired from the Agriculture Department last year after 38 years. "You get weary of work that doesn't pay off." A)abolished B)payroll C)mandatory D)previously E)crucial F)departures G)huddles H)eligible I)disappointed J)criticized K)institutions L)accelerate M)presumably N)prevalent O)expertise 【C1】

For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition entitled The Essence of College Life. You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words following the outline given below. 1．肯定大学生活的价值。 2．具体陈述大学生活的真谛。 3．得出结论。

道家思想 (Taoism)是中国 春秋时期 (the Spring and Autumn Period)最重要的思想学派之一，创始人是老子。道家思想的核心是“ 道 ”(Tao)，老子用“道”来说明宇宙万物的产生和演变，认为人们在思想和行为上都要遵循。道”的规律，一切都要顺其自然。老子之后的另一位哲学家庄子继承和发展了道家思想。他强调自我提高，追求精神的自由。道家思想提倡追求自然、和谐的思想以及批判性思维的人文精神，是中国传统文化中宝贵而独特的精神财富。

Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessaybasedonthepicturebelow.YoushouldfocusontheconsequencesofaddictiontotheInternet.Youarerequiredtowriteatleast150wordsbutnomorethan200words.