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红包的主要意义在于红色，因为它象征好运和祝福。

中国的 国有企业 (state-owned enterprise)是指中央政府和地方政府投资或管理的企业。设立国有企业是为了实现国家调节经济的目标，并协调国民经济各个方面。但如今国有企业的不足之处不容忽视。大多国有企业因政府长期扶持，而缺乏竞争力与创新精神。有些企业对自己的品牌不够重视。影响了中国民族品牌的发展。在 社会主义市场经济 (socialist market economy)条件下，国有企业应以社会稳定和经济发展为主要目标，在公共产品提供和其他领域中发挥 宏观调控 (macro regulation)作用。

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BSection C/B

大兴安岭 (Great Khingan Mountains)位于黑龙江省东北部，南北长约1220公里。那里气候极度寒冷，在 满语 (Manchu)中，“兴安”的意思就是“极寒的地方”。大兴安岭是中国东北部的著名山脉，也是中国最重要的林业基地之一。大兴安岭森林茂密，林地占730万 公顷 (hectare)，森林覆盖率达74．1％。该地区野生动、植物十分丰富，有珍稀动物400余种，野生植物1000余种。大兴安岭盛产野生 蓝莓 (blueberry)，是主要野生蓝莓产区。该区是一座美丽的大花园，也是一座取之不尽的宝库。

观众不仅能欣赏到各种令人垂涎欲滴的食物，而且还能了解到各种菜肴精致的制作过程。

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《史记》(Records of the Grand Historian)不以时间为顺序，而是以人物为中心来记录历史事实，开创了新的史书写作手法。

When global warming finally came, it stuck with a vengeance(异乎寻常地). In some regions, temperatures rose several degrees in less than a century. Sea levels shot up nearly 400 feet, flooding coastal settlements and forcing people to migrate inland. Deserts spread throughout the world as vegetation shifted drastically in North America, Europe and Asia. After driving many of the animals around them to near extinction, people were forced to abandon their old way of life for a radically new survival strategy that resulted in widespread starvation and disease. The adaptation was farming: the global-warming crisis that gave rise to it happened more than 10,000 years ago. As environmentalists convene in Rio de Janeiro this week to ponder the global climate of the future, earth scientists are in the midst of a revolution in understanding how climate has changed in the past—and how those changes have transformed human existence. Researchers have begun to piece together an illuminating picture of the powerful geological and astronomical forces that have combined to change the planet's environment from hot to cold, wet to dry and back again over a time period stretching back hundreds of millions of years. Most important, scientists are beginning to realize that the climatic changes have had a major impact on the evolution of the human species. New research now suggests that climate shifts have played a key role in nearly every significant turning point in human evolution: from the dawn of primates(灵长目动物)some 65 million years ago to human ancestors rising up to walk on two legs, from the huge expansion of the human brain to the rise of agriculture. Indeed, the human history has not been merely touched by global climate change, some scientists argue, it has in some instances been driven by it. The new research has profound implications for the environmental summit in Rio. Among other things, the findings demonstrate that dramatic climate change is nothing new for planet Earth. The benign(宜人的)global environment that has existed over the past 10,000 years—during which agriculture, writing, cities and most other features of civilization appeared—is a mere bright spot in a much larger pattern of widely varying climate over the ages. In fact, the pattern of climate change in the past reveals that Earth's climate will almost certainly go through dramatic changes in the future— even without the influence of human activity.

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For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay based on the picture below. You should start your essay with a brief description of the picture and then discuss the significance of a healthy diet. You should give sound arguments to support your views and write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.

生肖 (Chinese Zodiac)是指代表着每个人出生年份的十二种动物。它是中国民间计算年龄的方法，也是一种古老的 纪年法 (chronology)。生肖的产生可能源于古代人对动物的崇拜。关于人们为什么选择这十二种动物，以及为什么按照这样的顺序排列，有许多传说，但并没有定论。有些人会把性格和命运跟生肖联系起来，这是没有科学依据的。中国邮政在每年新年之初都会发行生肖邮票。中国人过年的时候，也喜欢在家门贴上印有生肖的年画。

Offering a gift can be a mutual pleasure; some might say it should be a pleasure for giver and recipient. A problem with a modern commercial Christmas, however, is that buying gifts can become a chore. Often it is a stress ridden chore in the dying days before Christmas Day, as everything gets left to the last minute. Why not make this next Christmas a time to make the choosing of individual gifts a pleasure for yourself, and for the recipient? Often in the last minute haste to buy gifts in time for Christmas Day, people become detached from not only the purpose, but the person to whom they are giving. Bought hastily in a crowded stress filled store, scarcely a thought may pass for the individual on the receiving end, however close they may be to you. Most of the year, if not all, can be filled with work, commuting, rushing here and there, stress, and self focus. How about time and attention for those who really matter in your life, whether spouse, offspring, other relatives, friends or colleagues? The choosing of a gift, and presentation of it, can be a silent way of giving each of them special attention, and then culminating with their pleasure at the receipt of the gift. Behind every good present there is a person who worked hard to make the best choice. The secret to buying the perfect gift is to think about the message you want to send out, when the receiver opens it. If you think about his or her hobbies, to his or her vacation plans etc., it means you have really studied that person and you bought the present precisely for them, for that occasion; in this case, Christmas. Friendship and caring are themselves a gift, so you can see that if you put some real selfless effort into choosing gifts, the value of the gift is magnified. That is something which will shine through the wrapping paper, and in the moment of giving the pleasure that you feel in making the gesture will radiate in the warmth of your expression. The choosing and the giving of a gift are inseparable.

Most growing plants contain much more water than all other materials combined. C. R. Barnes has suggested that it is as proper to term the plant a water structure as to call a house composed mainly of brick a brick building. Certain it is that all essential processes of plant growth and development occur in water. The mineral elements from the soil that are usable by the plant must be dissolved in the soil solution before they can be taken into the root. They are carried to all parts of the growing plant and are built into essential plant materials while in a dissolved state. The carbon dioxide(CO 2 )from the air may enter the leaf as a gas but is dissolved in water in the leaf before it is combined with a part of the water to form simple sugars—the base material from which the plant body is mainly built. Actively growing plant parts are generally 75 to 90 percent water. Structural parts of plants, such as woody stems no longer actively growing, may have much less water than growing tissues. The actual amount of water in the plant at any one time, however, is only a very small part of what passes through it during its development. The processes of photosynthesis, by which carbon dioxide and water are combined—in the presence of chlorophyll(叶绿素)and with energy derived from light—to form sugars, require that carbon dioxide from the air enter the plant. This occurs mainly in the leaves. The leaf surface is not solid but contains great numbers of minute openings, through which the carbon dioxide enters. The same structure that permits the one gas to enter the leaf, however, permits another gas—water vapor—to be lost from it. Since carbon dioxide is present in the air only in trace quantities(3 to 4 parts in 10,000 parts of air)and water vapor is near saturation in the air spaces within the leaf(at 80°F, saturated air would contain about 186 parts of water vapor in 10,000 parts of air), the total amount of water vapor lost is many times the carbon dioxide intake. Actually, because of wind and other factors, the loss of water in proportion to carbon dioxide intake may be even greater than the relative concentrations of the two gases. Also, not all of the carbon dioxide that enters the leaf is synthesized into carbohydrates(碳水化合物).

七夕节是在农历七月初七庆祝的，也被称作“ 乞巧节 (Begging for Skills Festival)”。在中国有很多关于七夕节起源的民间传说，其中最广为流传的是 牛郎和织女 (Cowherd and Weaver Girl)的故事。传说每年的这一天他们会走上 鹊桥 (the magpie bridge)相会。因此。七夕节是中国传统节日中最具浪漫色彩的节日，常被称作中国的情人节。七夕节主要的民俗。就是女孩子们参加各种乞巧活动。据说织女是一个美丽聪明、心灵手巧的人，所以女孩子们在这天夜里会聚在一起，向织女乞求让自己心灵手巧，俗称“乞巧”。

黄果树大瀑布高度为77．8米，宽101米，其中主瀑高67米，顶宽83．3米，是世界上唯一可以从各个方位观赏的瀑布。

BPart II Listening Comprehension/B