填空题In America, foster care organization often includes the state's division of social services, county social services departments and ________.

填空题What does the word "otherwise" mean here in line 7?

填空题The most important part of both fallacies is blindness to ______of a market economy.

填空题In 2000, over half the world's population live in ______.

填空题The Treaty of Rome was signed by six European countries to establish a unified market.

填空题ADH is a cover term for a large and diverse group of enzymes.

填空题Jazz began in the early 20th century as a kind of music of black Americans. It was{{U}} (36) {{/U}}for singing, for dancing, and for entertainment and atmosphere at parties or social{{U}} (37) {{/U}}. Jazz has continued to develop and has produced some of the United States' leading singers, instrumentalists, and{{U}} (38) {{/U}}. Today, it' s{{U}} (39) {{/U}}by many to be America' s art music. It has also{{U}} (40) {{/U}}almost every other kind of music in America, Europe, and even the{{U}} (41) {{/U}}. Jazz represents a{{U}} (42) {{/U}}of musical elements from Africa and from Europe. Jazz uses some European ideas of{{U}} (43) {{/U}}and melody, but the rhythms are more African in origin. And Jazz is polyrhythmic,{{U}} (44) {{/U}}. The most important feature of Jazz is improvisation.{{U}} (45) {{/U}}. Jazz musicians have learned to improvise so well that they can make up excellent melodies as they play. A good Jazz player seldom plays anything the same way twice.{{U}} (46) {{/U}}.

填空题The majority (believes/believe) that we are in no danger.

填空题Sadly, the Giant Panda is ____________ (目前濒临灭绝的物种之一).

填空题 One hundred and thirteen million Americans have at least one bank{{U}} (36) {{/U}}credit card. They give their owners{{U}} (37) {{/U}}credit in stores, restaurants, and hotels, at home, across the country, and even{{U}} (38) {{/U}}and they make many' banking services{{U}} (39) {{/U}}as well. More and more of these credit cards can be read automatically, making it possible to{{U}} (40) {{/U}}or deposit money in scattered locations, whether or not the local branch bank is open. For many of us the "cashless society" is not on the{{U}} (41) {{/U}}—it's already here. While computers offer these{{U}} (42) {{/U}}to consumers, they have many advantages for sellers too. Electronic cash registers can do much more than simply ring up sales. They .can keep a wide range of records, including who sold what, when, and to whom. This information al- lows businessmen to keep track of their list of goods by showing which items are being sold and how fast they are moving. Decisions to{{U}} (43) {{/U}}or return goods to suppliers can then be made. At the same time,{{U}} (44) {{/U}}And they also identify preferred customers for promotional campaigns. Computers are relied on by manufacturers for similar reasons.{{U}} (45) {{/U}}Computers keep track of goods in stock, of raw materials on hand, and even of the production process itself.{{U}} (46) {{/U}}.

填空题The Lend - Lease Act was designed to ______.

填空题Social Media and Marketing A. In May 2013, Ritz-Carlton Hotel Co. bought ads to promote its brand page on Facebook. After a few days, unhappy executives halted the campaign—but not because they weren"t gaining enough fans. Rather, they were gaining too many, too fast. "We were fearful that our engagement and connection with our community was dropping" as the fan base grew, says Allison Sitch, Ritz-Carlton"s vice president of global public relations. B. Today, the hotel operator has about 498,000 Facebook fans; some rivals have several times as many. Rather than try to keep pace, Ritz-Carlton spends time analyzing its social-media conversations, to see what guests like and don"t like. It also reaches out to people who have never stayed at its hotels and express concern about the cost. C. Ritz-Carlton illustrates a shift in corporate social-media strategies. After years of chasing Facebook fans and Twitter followers, many companies now stress quality over quantity. They are tracking mentions of their brand, and then using the information to help the business. "Fans and follower counts are over. Now it"s about what is social doing for you and real business objectives," says Jan Rezab, chief executive of Socialbakers AS, a social-media metrics company based in Prague. D. When many companies joined Facebook in the late 2000s, they used it as another brand website where they provided links, contact information and monitored consumer gripes. Then, they got caught up in the numbers game, trying to rack up raw masses of fans and followers, believing they were building a solid marketing channel. But that often wasn"t the case. "Social media are not the powerful and persuasive marketing force many companies hoped they would be," concludes Gallup Inc., which on Monday released a report that examines the subject. E. Gallup says 62% of the more than 18,000 U.S. consumers it polled said social media had no influence on their buying decisions. Another 30% said it had some influence. U.S. companies spent $5.1 billion on social-media advertising in 2013, but Gallup says "consumers are highly adept at tuning out brand-related Facebook and Twitter content." (Gallup"s survey was conducted via the Web and mail from December 2012 to January 2013. The survey has a margin of error of plus or minus 1 percentage point.) F. In a study last year, Nielsen Holdings NV found that global consumers trusted ads on television, print, radio, billboards and movie trailers more than social-media ads. Gallup says brands assumed incorrectly that consumers would welcome them into their social lives. Then they delivered a hard sell that turned off many people. G. More recently, changes in how Facebook manages users" news feeds have hindered brands" ability to reach their fans. Rather than a largely chronological stream, Facebook now manages the news feed to feature items it thinks users will want to see. The result: brands reached 6.5% of their fans with Facebook posts in March, down from 16% in February 2012, according to EdgeRank Checker, a social-media analytics firm recently acquired by Socialbakers. H. Indian Road Care in New York City estimates it spent about $5,000 on Facebook ads, and its page now has about 13,000 fans. "But the return is really disappointing", says co-owner Jason Minter. "Unless you spend to boost a post, you only reach 300 to 400 people. I"ve certainly noticed the loss of organic reach. You spend all this time, and unfortunately, the return is not there." Mr. Minter says the restaurant still uses Facebook, but in a more targeted way, and is looking to a new website and other digital marketing approaches rather than building up the Facebook audience. I. A spokesman for Facebook Inc. says companies need to adjust their priorities. "The way brands should think about this is changing," he says. "Fans should be a means to positive business outcomes—not the end themselves." The spokesman says Facebook has been honest with companies about the diminishing reach of their posts. J. Companies reach more nonfans than fans on Facebook, as friends share content, which pushes posts higher in Facebook"s ranking system, according to Socialbakers. That puts value on conversation, rather than just posting content. K. Another reason companies are looking beyond fan numbers is that the numbers are easily gamed. Researchers say many fans are fake, or automated, accounts designed to inflate numbers. Italian security researcher Andrea Stroppa says he found a new breed of sites offering Facebook fans or Twitter followers for pennies. In experiments, Mr. Stroppa paid 42 cents for 700 fans and seven cents for 100 likes on a Facebook post. L. While companies are adjusting their social—media strategies, they continue to advertise on Facebook. First-quarter net income nearly tripled at the social-network on a 72% increase in revenue. Twitter Inc. says companies can have big followings as well as meaningful conversations with users. "Engagement is key and is something that can in tuna further grow your audience," says Ross Hoffman, Twitter"s director of brand strategy. "The onus of good content is on the marketer, and we are working with brands and agencies to sharpen this skill." M. Indeed, some brands value a large social-media community. "We want to reach a very large audience," says Ben Blatt, executive director of digital strategy at Walt Disney Co."s ABC Television. The Facebook page for "Dancing with the Stars" has 5.2 million likes. Mr. Blatt says such a large fan base can be useful in tracking how popular one theme or episode is compared with others. N. Cable and media company Comcast Corp. monitors social media extensively and analyzes data from 11 different sources, including which consumers click its links, engage with its social content or discuss its products and services. Those tools help Comcast see trends about the quality of service nationally or regionally, or ideas for new features, says Robin Dagostino, who runs social media for Comcast. O. The NBA has 23 million Facebook fans. But executives are less concerned by the numbers than capitalizing on the social chatter. The NBA"s social team monitors conversation across a variety of social networks during games and posts video highlights of games in real time, hoping to prompt people to tune in to television. Employees monitor comments on social media to see what fans thought of a commercial, or when might be the best time to sell a T-shirt. "We want to give them more of what they"re talking about," says Melissa Rosenthal Brenner, the league"s senior vice president of digital media.

填空题Directions: Complete the sentences by translating into English the Chinese given in brackets. Please write your translation on Answer Sheet 2.

填空题Two cities that lay at the edge of the Mediterranean more than 1200 years ago, Herakleion and Eastern Canopus, disappeared suddenly, swallowed by the sea. Now, an international team of scientists may have figured out the mystery of why it happened. The researchers have concluded that the two cities collapsed when the land they were built on suddenly liquefied(液化). Until recently, the only evidence that they existed came from Greek mythology and the writings of ancient historians. Then, during expeditions in i999 and 2000, a team of French marine archaeologists headed by Franck Goddio found the ruins—almost completely intact—buried on the seafloor of the Abu Qir Bay in Egypt. Since then, there has been much speculation (猜测) about why the cities disappeared so suddenly. Earthquakes, subsistence(生存) conditions, and a rise in sea level have all been suggested as possibilities. "There are no written documents on how, when, or why these two cities went down, "said Jean-Daniel Stanley, a geoarchaeologist with the Smithsonian Institution in Washington, D.C. Stanley and his colleagues at the Institute European D'Archeologie Sous-Marine in Paris (the European Institute of Marine Archaeology) argue that a major flood of the Nile in the middle of the eight century A.D. was to blame. The flood, they say, triggered the sinking of Eastern Canopus and Herakleion by turning the ground beneath the cities into liquefied mud. The collapse was sudden and catastrophic, said Stanley. "We can tell, "he said, "because in both places we've found gold and jewelry, which, if there had been time, people would have taken with them when fleeing. " Herakleion and Eastern Canopus once stood at the mouth of the now-extinct Canopic branch of the Nile. Built sometime between the seventh and sixth centuries B. C., as the days of the Egyptian Pharaohs were coming to an end, the cities flourished as gateways to Egypt. Herakleion was a port of entry to Egypt and grew wealthy by collecting taxes on goods being shipped upriver. Frozen in time below the waters were many temples and statues of gods and goddesses, also attesting to the cities' role as destinations for religious pilgrims. Until the undersea discovery, historians knew about the cities only through myth and ancient literature. Menelaus, the king of Sparta and husband to Helen, over whom the Trojan War was fought, was said to have stayed in Herakleion following the ten-year war against Troy. Greek mythology holds that the city of Canopus was named after Menelaus' helmsman(舵手), who was bitten by a viper(毒蛇) and transformed into a god. The Greek historian Herodotus wrote of having visited the cities in 450 B. C. The cities' fortunes declined when Alexander the Great founded Alexandria in 331 B.C. Yet centuries later, Greek geographer Strabo (63 B. C.—21 A. D. ) described the location and wealth of Heraldeion, while Seneca (5 B. C.—65 A. D. ) condemned the cities for decadent(颓废的) and corrupt lifestyles.

填空题In India more than one hundred languages are spoken, ______(其中只有十四种被认可为官方语言).

填空题Were the Times Co. to purchase another major media company, there is no doubt that it could dramatically transform a family-ran enterprise that still gets 90% of its revenues from newspapers. A. Were B. could C. family-ran D. its