填空题 A great many cities are experiencing difficulties whichare nothing new in the history of cities, except for in their 62. ______scale. Some cities have lost their original purpose and havenot found? new one. And any large or rich city is going to 63. ______attract poor immigrants, who flood in, filling with hopes 64. ______of prosperity which are then often disappointing. There arebackward towns on the edge of Bombay or Brasilia, justas though there were on the edge of seventeenth-century 65. ______London or early nineteenth-century Paris. This is new is 66. ______the scale. Descriptions written by eighteenth-century travelersof the poor of Mexico City, and the enormous contraststhat was to be found there, are very similar to descriptions 67. ______of Mexico City today-the poor can still be numbered in millions.The whole monstrous growth rests on economic prosperity,but behind it lies two myths: the myth of the city as a 68. ______promised land, that attracts immigrants from rural poverty 69. ______and brings it flooding into city centers, and the myth of the 70. ______country as a Garden of Eden, which, a few generationslate, sends them flooding out again to the suburbs. 71. ______

填空题You can conclude that workers before 1935 were ______than today's workers.

填空题If they do not listen to us, ______ (他们必定失败).

填空题The growth of part-time and flexible working patterns, and of training and retraining schemes, ____________ (使得更多妇女能够充分利用就业机会).

填空题The solution, suggested by Greenberg, to the problem of the couple mentioned at the very beginning of this article is to______.

填空题Muslim Sudan is one of the Islamized{{U}} (36) {{/U}}regions. In East Africa musical forms showing Arab or Islamic influence are found even far{{U}} (37) {{/U}}, for instance in southern Uganda, not only along the Indian Ocean coast. Several musical{{U}} (38) {{/U}}of Arab introduction can be seen in these parts, the one-string fiddle being the most visible example, On the other hand,{{U}} (39) {{/U}}areas of black Africa are virtually free from Arab or Islamic influence. The traditional schools for boys found in west central Africa, with their{{U}} (40) {{/U}}dances and music, are independent black African{{U}} (41) {{/U}}and in no way to be related to Muslim{{U}} (42) {{/U}} It is now widely{{U}} (43) {{/U}}that African music/dance in various parts of the continent has constantly undergone decisive changes in history.{{U}} (44) {{/U}}Nor is African music always ethnic in the sense ethnomusicology would have it. Music forms and traits are not rigidly linked to ethnic groups;{{U}} (45) {{/U}} Ethnic groupings have themselves been in a state of continuous flux and musical traits and fashions have been exchanged across ethnic and linguistic boundaries.{{U}} (46) {{/U}}and even so may present a fragmented and perplexing picture.

填空题The earliest known galaxies in the universe, which formed during the universe's "dark age" nearly 13 billion years ago, have been spied by two teams of astronomers. The discoveries, reported separately in this week's issue of the journal Nature, suggest that galaxies were forming just 700 million years after the birth of the universe. Theory holds that the universe formed 13.7 billion years ago. when an extremely dense concentration of mass rapidly expanded in an event known as the big bang. The universe has been expanding ever since, so astronomers are able to age galaxies by computing how much the wavelength of their light has stretched-or redshified-as the expansion takes the galaxies farther from Earth. The redder the light is, the older and more distant the galaxy is. The detection of such ancient galaxies adds intrigue(神秘色彩) to theories of how the very fast galaxies formed, according to astronomers. Were there many large, young galaxies in the early universe that are obscured from astronomers' view by abundant gases absorbing their light? Or were galaxies rare and small way back then, as a prevailing theory suggests, and later clumped together to form larger galaxies such as the Milky Way? "We believe that we need both these processes to explain what we see," Masanori lye, a professor at the National Astronomical Observatory of Japan, said in an email. The galaxy, called IOK-1, formed about 750 million years after the big bang-60 million years closer to the event than the previous record holder. Given the number of galaxies found during a later epoch about 810 million years ago, the researchers had expected to find as many as six galaxies like IOK-1. But the comparative rarity(稀有) of objects like IOK-1 means that the universe must have changed significantly over the 60 million years that separate the two epochs, the team suggests. Iye and colleagues believe that they are witnessing the last phase of a process known as reionization(再次电离). According to Iye, about 380,000 years after the fiery hot big bang, the universe cooled so much that protons and electrons recombined to form neutral hydrogen. This is known as the beginning of the dark age of the universe, because neutral hydrogen absorbs the light from stars. As more galaxies started to form about 300 million years later, the hot stars heated the intergalactic (银河间的) medium and gradually reionized the neutral hydrogen back to protons and electrons. The ionized hydrogen then became more transparent, allowing the galaxies' light to pass through. Iye said the new results support the idea that neutral hydrogen was still abundant 750 million years after the big bang, blocking even older galaxies from view. "We are starting to see the last phase of cosmic reionization, or the dawn of the cosmic dark age," he said. Iye added that the discovery also supports the "hierarchical" theory of galaxy formation, which suggests that big, bright galaxies formed as smaller galaxies collided and merged. "The epoch we have probed is yet in this critical stage," he said.

填空题Virtually all plant and animal species on Earth can be found in tropical rainforests.

填空题The author supports his belief in the "consequences" of parental pressure by ______.

填空题We can experience stress any time we feel we don't have (36) . It can come from a feeling that we can't do anything about. Basically, it is the body's way of showing worry or (37) . Stress is not just caused by our mental or (38) condition, it is also (39) by how tired we are, whether we have a (40) diet with enough vitamins and minerals, whether we get enough physical exercise, and whether we can (41) . If we feel stressed, there are several things that we can do. First, we need to learn how to relax and breathe slowly and (42) . We can also take some time out of our worried, busy (43) to notice the small things in life. Smell the air, look at the flowers, notice the small designs in the leaves on a tree -- (44) We need to take care of our bodies. (45) .Finally, we need to find what is causing the stress in our lives. Once we have found it, we need to begin to change that part of our lives. (46) .

填空题Everyone living in this society should communicate with each other. They get what they want by buying and sell what they don't want by selling. The most important way is to buy or to sell. Today, buying and selling merchandise is a (36) business. Some practice it as a (37) trade; others regard it as a (38) requiring, what we say, is the (39) knowledge and also with so many years of (40) . The storekeepers in Frank Woolworth's time knew nothing about this. The idea of "a chain of stores" is buying directly from the (41) . Sometimes they could buy it in large (42) and selling in many different places (43) the country. It had its beginnings with Woolworth and others who followed them. (44) . These men had the great vision to see that the more the manufacturers produced, the greater would be the saving to the consumer. Frank Woolworth was born in the town of Rodman in New York State, in the year 1852. (45) . Frank did not like farming. He dreamed of being a railroad engineer. (46) . Until today, many people set him as the example and want to make success like that.

填空题S4

填空题According to some scientists,______is the single greatest cause of the fresh water shortage in the world.

填空题There are many skills and qualities that are desirable in a translator. The translator must have an excellent, up-to-date knowledge of his (26) language, which will be his mother tongue or language of (27) use, full facility in the handling of his target language, and knowledge and understanding of the latest subject-matter in his field of (28) . In addition to this, it is desirable that he should have an (29) mind, wide interests, a good memory and the ability to grasp quickly the basic principles of new developments. He should be willing to work on his own, often at high speeds, but should be humble enough to (30) others should his own knowledge not always prove adequate to the task in hand. He should be able to type quickly and (31) and, if he is working mainly for publication, should have more than a nodding (32) printing techniques and proof-reading. If he is working basically as an information translator, let us say, for an industrial firm, he should have the flexibility of mind to enable him to (33) one source language to another, as well as from one subject matter to another, since this ability is frequently required of him in such work. (34) the nature of the translator's work, i.e. the processing of the written word, it is, strictly speaking, unnecessary that he should be able to speak the languages he is dealing with. If he does speak them, it is an advantage rather than a hindrance, but this skill is in many ways a (35) that he can do away with.

填空题______(我们的男足失去进军奥运会的机会这个事实) is difficult to accept.